Um divagar pouco atraente: o tema das raças em Os Sertões de Euclides da Cunha

Os Sertões of Euclides da Cunha is one of the most studied books of Brazilian social thought, with approaches ranging from literature to geology, mobilizing concepts and theoretical and disciplinary perspectives the most diverse. This work aims to identify the process of building the concept of race by Euclides da Cunha in this work. To achieve this goal, will be studied, at first, the process of intellectual and political formation of Euclides da Cunha in the years prior to his trip to Canudos, in order to identify the presence of themes and authors in their thinking, using for this purpose, as the main source, your correspondence and press articles, which are expressed in the basic references of his training and dialogue on topics and authors that permeated their way of thinking about the Brazilian reality in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In the second stage of labor, with reference to the study of the presence of several theories that explain human behavior from racial lines, with a strong Brazilian influence in the intellectual environment of the late nineteenth century, an analytical effort will be made in order to understand the synthesis made specific by Euclides da Cunha in the preparation of his work, to identify the main authors based their thinking on this aspect of the changes in your way of thinking about the man of the interior in an attempt to understand how the concept this race is in the interpretation of the conflict happened in Canudos and action of some of her protagonists

Arche Tupi : uma leitura arquetípica da mulher índia em Casa-Grande & Senzala

This dissertation is a proposal for dialogue between Brazilian Social Thought, History of Portuguese America and the Analytical Psychology of C.G. Jung, highlighting the following archetypes: Anima, Animus, Shadow and Persona. Directing the study to the image of Indian women in this Brazilian interpretation of Casa-Grande & senzala by Gilberto Freyre, have largely centered on denial of the feminine image as a creative and positive in the minds of Brazilian culture, where a more specific analysis. We assume that your work has inspired several bridges over imaginary things in Brazil, including aspects relating to miscegenation, the study of foreign travelers, Jesuits and settlers / invaders of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the Portuguese disembarked in America and in this sense, the influence of his work as wasteful image through time and space of the Portuguese slave order. Above all, we intend to do a reading of Native women thought in his book

O processo de construção do problema da pobreza no Brasil

This text aims to undertake an analysis of the process of building the "problem of poverty" in Brazil. From a sociological approach on discourses and interpretations of poverty present in literary intellectuals representatives of some of the classics of Brazilian social thought, as well as in scientific works produced from mid-twentieth century and in the reports of various international organizations and national, such as the IMF, World Bank, MDS, IPEA, among others

Humanização do direito e da justiça: reconhecimento e efetividade dos direitos da criança e do adolescente

The crisis of the model of technical and formal rationality is discussed in light of a paradigmatic change of the Law that arises in the context of recent transformations of capitalism worldwide, proposing a humanization of Law and Justice with a new ethical-political foundation that promotes a reconciliation between the rules that governs the social order and the world of life, a process of society’s emancipation. As empirical cut it is taken the Right of Children and Youth and, in a practical perspective, the recognition and effectiveness of the Rights of Children and Adolescents in Brazil. It is proposed to analyze the process of democratization and legitimacy of the children and youth rights from the study and apprehension of knowledge that advocate a multidisciplinary view of knowledge and a dialogic praxis for construction of a thought able to contribute to the analysis of public policies and to develop strategies that allow a real change on the social thinking about the doctrine of integral protection of children and adolescents. The proposed methodological approach was developed from a dialectical view of science and as a research strategy for data collection of symbolic cartography or cartographic sociology of law and justice. It is shown that in the process of humanization of the Law and Justice there is a gap between the rights and the democratic participation of these rights.

Formação do profissional sanitarista: caminhos e percalços

The public health is a project that struggles for a fair, resolutive and democratic health and that aims to help the collective and social bodies starting from their real needs, being totally involved with inequality and social determination issues. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to form a professional commited to this project. This current study aims to understand the perception of teachers/militants of Public Health about the graduation of Healthcare professionals. Therefore, we look forward answering the following question: Which elements are relevant to the formation of the sanitarian professional? This is a field research, descriptive and exploratory, with a qualitative approach. For data collection, we used a semi-structured interview technique with veteran professionals as sanitarians and teachers of Public Health area. The data were analyzed based on the technique of thematic analysis of subject. This technique consists in structuring the text in units, in categories according analogic reunification. In this sense, were organized three analysis categories, whose titles were guided according to the study objectives, namely: "The Institutional Formation of Sanitarians"; "Elements that contribute to the Sanitarian formation " and "Possible Paths in Sanitarian Formation". Four main elements of sanitarian formation were emphasized: technical capacity to develop a sanitation work, based on three conceptual pillars of Public Health; Framework, foundation and support on Social Sciences, in the social concepts of health; Life history of the student, implication of this with the Public Health object; Field operation, in the territory, directly integrated to the service and the health system. The intervieweds imagine a path to the sanitarian formation: the Public Health should be well explored in its theory and practice in graduation, in any health area and obviously in the graduation of Public Health; the Lato Sensu courses, especially residency, would need a theoretical upgrading, given the creation of undergraduate courses on the area; the Stricto Sensu courses, while forming researchers and teachers in the area, should develop productions involved with the health system and the object of Public Health, in order to bring an effective return, in terms of applicability, in the health system. It is suggested that such a path should be complementary, in a sense of adding knowledge as it travels through graduation, postgraduation Lato Sensu and post-graduation Stricto Sensu. The idea, in general, is that the graduate-residence set / specialization-mastering / PhD compose a linear formation, ascending and complementary. To follow all this process effectively, it is necessary, and urgent, to think of regulation strategies of the formating procedures. It is also recommended that more studies are conducted in this area, specially a more careful evaluation of the undergraduate courses in Public Health, which is a current and relatively new issue on formation in the area.

Nas veredas por reconhecimento social: o papel da educação na desconstrução da inferioridade dos sujeitos do campo.

En la travesía por nuevos caminos en la investigación académica, se nos presenta el desafío de investigar alternativas que muestran un horizonte de posibilidades concretas de una educación pautada en la dinámica de organizaciones y movimientos que participan de la lucha por un proyecto de reconocimiento social y desconstrucción de la inferioridad de los sujetos del campo. El escenario de participación de la vida de los que integran la investigación como investigados e investigador es el Territorio Sertão do Apodi, localizado en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte, cuya elección empírica fue motivada por la fuerte presencia y participación de movimientos sociales en el campo. La propuesta es investigar posibilidades y desafíos de prácticas y acciones educativas tanto dentro como fuera de la escuela que buscan reconocer y dar visibilidad a los sujetos sociales del campo en el referido Territorio. Así, será objeto de nuestra investigación el espacio de tomada de decisiones y de organización de institucionalidad territorial a través de la actuación del Colegiado del Territorio del Sertão do Apodi y de las prácticas educativas resultantes de las demandas de las acciones territoriales, tanto escolares como no escolares. La literatura en la cual sedimentamos las bases teóricas fundamentales de esta investigación es la de Axel Honneth (2001; 2003), asociada al pensamiento de Boaventura Santos (2003; 2008a), Jesse Souza (2003, 2006) y Milton Santos (2006, 2007, 2009). Vale destacar, aún, la interlocución con la narrativa de Guimarães Rosa, a través de la obra Grande Sertão: Veredas, sobrepasando todo el conjunto del texto. Con esta intención, procuramos defender que una perspectiva de educación destinada a los sujetos del campo debe pautarse en la superación de la condición de invisibilidad social, a que estos están sometidos, por medio de una postura de reconocimiento social que se afirma en el ejercicio de la democracia participativa y en la reparación de desigualdades sociales. Para esto, son muchos los desafíos y las vulnerabilidades de este proceso; y desde ahí, abriremos caminos para lograr el reconocimiento del papel de la educación y el fortalecimiento de las identidades sociales, al situar al sujeto socialmente, permitiendo que se localice en un determinado grupo social, frente a los saberes construidos en la sociedad

Frankenstein, o prometeu moderno ciência, literatura e educação

À partir des études de l'anthropologue Bruno Latour, dans lesquelles on montre l'importance de la rhétorique et des stratégies institutionnelles dans la fabrication des vérités scientifiques; des hypothèses concernant la nature ambiguë des sciences dressées par Isabelle Stengers et des idées d'Edgar Morin sur la nécessité de combattre la pensée fragmenteuse et de relier culture scientifique et culture humanistique, la thèse aborde la relation de l'homme avec ses artefacts, le défi des descriptions des phénomènes et de leurs propriétés, du dialogue entre les humains et les plusieures dimensions de la matière, et de la responsabilité qui devrait venir avec tous les progrès scientifiques. Victor Frankenstein, sa créature, Brown-Séquard et la testostérone synthétique, sont des acteurs qui aident à composer le panorama cognitif de la recherche qui étend les limites de la science et du social au collectif de non-humains et revendique une réforme de la pensée et de l'éducation que les inclut

Já li muita coisa, então, eu posso inventar mais! A leitura literária e o desenvolvimento do pensamento criativo na infância

This study investigates the contributions of reading literature for the development of creative thinking in childhood. Its relevance consists in exploring practices that contemplate the creative thinking development in apprentices at school space and understanding the literature like a significant way to promote the creative thinking. The study is connected to the qualitaty strand. The exploratory observation and the intervention were adopted as research techniques. The field diary and the audio and video recording of the reading sections were adopted as methodological instruments. The research was conducted in the application s college from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in a 1th grade class, with 18 students between 6 and 7 years old. During the intervention, 8 readind class happened, with varied strategies and literary genres. The reading sessions were conducted through the principles of scaffolding, defended by Graves and Graves (1995). The corpus is made of speaks episodes, whose encoding semantics allowed the grouping into two central categories: divergent thinking and coauthoring of literary reader. It was taken as a theoretical framework the studies of Amarilha (2011; 2006; 2001; 1991; 1993; 1994), Alencar (2001), Coelho (2000; 1997), Culler (1999), De Masi (2005), Gallo (2000), Guilford (1977), Iser (1996), Jouve (2002), Kneller (1978), Martínez (1997), Smith (2003), Stierle (1979), Vigotski (2009; 1998), Wechsler; Nakano (2003; 2002). The analysis points to the formation of creative individuals in the classroom, through the reading of literature. Reposition the literary education front of the new social demands. Resizes the function of school in children s development, considering the children s skill in exploring, testing hypotheses and making use of their creative thinking, in climate of freedom mental. It signals, in this way, the teacher like a mediator, promoting a favorable to the development of creative thinking environment, a stimulating atmosphere, which enhances the expression of creative thinking in community

concepções de administração e administrador em tempos de capitalismo flexível: uma abordagem crítica

A tese trata de dois construtos sócio-históricos Administração e Administrador em face do capitalismo em sua fase flexível. Considerando as mudanças do capitalismo, o texto estabelece como objeto de estudo as concepções de Administração e Administrador, para o campo administrativo, na contemporaneidade. A tese é suportada por uma pesquisa de campo cujo objetivo foi compreender criticamente as concepções do campo administrativo sobre a Administração e o Administrador, em tempos de capitalismo flexível. Epistemologicamente, a pesquisa foi conduzida a partir da perspectiva crítica frankfurtiana, fundamentada em três pares categóricos dialéticos: (i) história versus naturalização; (ii) práxis social versus sistema; e (iii) alienação versus emancipação; privilegiando o pensamento crítico vinculado à primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt. A literatura prevalente da área de Administração foi revisada mediada pelas duas questões ontológicas que suportam a tese: O que é Administração? e O que é Administrador? para autores como Taylor, Fayol, Drucker, Ohno, Deming, Champy e Mintzberg. Metodologicamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa integralmente qualitativa, com uso de três tipos de entrevistas: (i) entrevista narrativa com história de vida; (ii) entrevista com uso de elementos-estímulo; e (iii) entrevista narrativa ficcional. Para compreensão das narrativas, foi utilizada a técnica de análise hermenêutico-dialética. Os resultados indicam o predomínio da concepção pragmática-instrumental, no tocante à Administração, pela qual ela continua a ser pensada e discursada como uma ação tecnológica e teleológica, que utiliza saberes múltiplos e aprendizagens cambiantes como meios para alcance das finalidades do contexto organizacional mutante. Com relação ao Administrador, há a emergência da concepção estética para apresentá-lo, quando vinculado às organizações. Por esta concepção, há a migração do histórico estereótipo do Administrador controlador e vigilante para a representação do Administrador como um profissional performático. O segundo resultado, que se apresenta como o mais relevante em relação ao Administrador, é o da fuga da profissão. A partir dos pares categóricos dialéticos, esta tese propõe algumas sínteses provisórias críticas: (i) história-naturalização: os sujeitos tomam como naturais a organização empresarial e suas demandas, naturalizando as recentes mudanças que, entre outras coisas, reduzem os postos gerenciais; (ii) práxis social-sistema: pela concepção pragmática-instrumental, as experiências dos Administradores são concebidas a partir do confinamento funcionalista em uma organização-sistema; (iii) emancipação-alienação: tanto a forma naturalizada com que especificam as organizações e sua Administração quanto a práxis interrompida velada em uma experiência reificada mostram-se como fenômenos intrinsecamente e subjetivamente alienantes e contraemancipatórios. Por outro lado, através do movimento de fuga da profissão, os entrevistados parecem (re)significar o silêncio fundador da alienação associada à condição de Administrador: a de pensar como capital, e não se pensar como trabalho. Finalmente, o texto propõe que as possibilidades de emancipação deste profissional residem na tomada de consciência de sua condição como integrante da classe trabalhadora, mesmo em tempos de riscos e incertezas. Assumindo-se como trabalhador, o Administrador poderá lutar pelo seu trabalho, repensando-o em novos termos, em que as dimensões pragmáticas-instrumentais que envolvem sua profissão possam ser dosadas e sempre mediadas por conteúdos substantivos e emancipatórios

Responsabilidade social: visões e perspectivas de empresários do segmento industrial do Rio Grande do Norte

The theme Corporate Social Responsibility is relatively recent both in the academic field and in the business practice. Because of the lack of socialization of experiences and precision of concepts, there are gaps regarding the understanding of the subject and, also, how to conduct operations. This study just seeks to investigate such matter, focusing applications of social responsibility in business. It takes, as empirical field, winners of the PSQT - SESI Prize of Quality at Work in Rio Grande do Norte (2002-2007) in order to systematize the various approaches on the issue, aiming to reveal subjective visions and perspectives of the theme. It is characterized as a qualitative study, carried out by structured interview. The universe was composed by 15 companies. It was used analysis of content categorical as an axis for the interpretation of the information. Three approaches guided the analysis: Business Ethics, (normative); Business & Society (contractual); Social Issues Management (strategic). The findings are related in three ways: 1) reasons for the CSR practice; 2) the results obtained; 3) the means of CSR. It was found that the award participation occurs, mostly, linked to SESI invitations, so, as an articulated movement of industrial corporations in Brazil it occurs, also, because of the organizational commitment with the society and the possibility of internal and social growths and because of the importance attributed to the report as an instrument of consultancy. There are no indicators to check impacts of organizational interventions, in spite of the existence of planning for the actions. Social responsibility appears as a tool to reinforce the organizational image and to increase satisfaction of the employees. There is a tendency of large and medium firms to a contractual commitment while the small and the micros firms are on strategic or normative level. The analysis of the perspectives of social responsibility future revealed trends towards for strategic approach

Racionalidade substantiva no processo decisório: um estudo em instituições que lidam com o tratamento oncológico infantojuvenil na cidade de Natal-RN

The present study regards an applied social research (qualitative) performed in two institutions which lead children s cancer treatment in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The main goal of this study is, as of a literature review at works which characterizes the first generations of study about substantive rationality, to detect Decision Making process related aspects that may serve as a basis to elaborate analysis categories from decision making process, aggregating them into a new study that may provide an advance to the theme in administrative science. The academic works based on the analysis model created by Mauricio Serva served as a basis to deep research into such theme, which verifies the predominant rationality in eleven administrative internal processes in productive organizations. This dissertation intends to go beyond the identification of the predominant rationality by elaborating new categories of analysis, and making possible the continuity of the subject in administrative science. Based on Guerreiro Ramos s work, which sees a kind of ideal organization, as known as isonomies, this study still calls upon Karl Polanyi s thoughts, which with the objective of comprehending the independent economic phenomenon of the value that allows considering non-market economies, find that the economy of the men is submerged in his social relations; it also rescues the studies from Max Weber who investigates the meaning of social action to better understand the rationality, and refers to the study of Jürgen Habermas, who proposes a broader conception about rationality, within the theory of communicative action. As a result of this theme s review, seven analysis categories of the decision making process have been formulated. They were applied in the institutions that had been chosen and helped to detect the type of predominant rationality in the categories of the decision making process. The results confirm that, although the decisions making process involves rational elements, such as information, identification of alternatives, there are also specific values of each individual with his experience and view oh the world, permeated not only by instrumental rationality, but also by substantive rationality. The study has verified that two similar institutions may show different types of rationality in the decision making process, when decision factors may tend to instrumental rationality, according to administration classic way, as well as they may emerge from substantive rationality, thus contributing to the process of emancipation of the human being in his sphere of work

Utilização de um aplicativo de simulação computacional na avaliação de desempenho térmico de protótipo de habitação de interesse social (his)

This Masters Degree dissertation seeks to make a comparative study of internal air temperature data, simulated through the thermal computer application DesignBuilder 1.2, and data registered in loco through HOBO® Temp Data Logger, in a Social Housing Prototype (HIS), located at the Central Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte UFRN. The prototype was designed and built seeking strategies of thermal comfort recommended for the local climate where the study was carried out, and built with panels of cellular concrete by Construtora DoisA, a collaborator of research project REPESC Rede de Pesquisa em Eficiência Energética de Sistemas Construtivos (Research Network on Energy Efficiency of Construction Systems), an integral part of Habitare program. The methodology employed carefully examined the problem, reviewed the bibliography, analyzing the major aspects related to computer simulations for thermal performance of buildings, such as climate characterization of the region under study and users thermal comfort demands. The DesignBuilder 1.2 computer application was used as a simulation tool, and theoretical alterations were carried out in the prototype, then they were compared with the parameters of thermal comfort adopted, based on the area s current technical literature. Analyses of the comparative studies were performed through graphical outputs for a better understanding of air temperature amplitudes and thermal comfort conditions. The data used for the characterization of external air temperature were obtained from the Test Reference Year (TRY), defined for the study area (Natal-RN). Thus the author also performed comparative studies for TRY data registered in the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, at weather station Davis Precision Station, located at the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais INPE-CRN (National Institute of Space Research), in a neighboring area of UFRN s Central Campus. The conclusions observed from the comparative studies performed among computer simulations, and the local records obtained from the studied prototype, point out that the simulations performed in naturally ventilated buildings is quite a complex task, due to the applications limitations, mainly owed to the complexity of air flow phenomena, the influence of comfort conditions in the surrounding areas and climate records. Lastly, regarding the use of the application DesignBuilder 1.2 in the present study, one may conclude that it is a good tool for computer simulations. However, it needs some adjustments to improve reliability in its use. There is a need for continued research, considering the dedication of users to the prototype, as well as the thermal charges of the equipment, in order to check sensitivity

Transplantes: re-inserção social e qualidade de vida dos transplantados cardíacos do Estado do RN

The experience of transplantation is a very serious situation from the clinical standpoint. Therefore, there must be some subjective and social breakdown in people who have been undergone such a procedure. Recent product of modernity, the transplanted is someone who owns his recover to the scientific advances of contemporary society and a deceased donor. This paper aims at examine the implications, from the changes in patterns of behavior and thought that occur after the experience of an extreme and critical situation, as the process of illness and its consequent transplant surgery. The symbolism of the heart suggests that some social impressions about the organ itself are also reflected in how the transplanted interprets the experience of this type of procedure. So investigating how the changes occurred throughout the process interfere in the re-insertion of these people to social life, after his recovery, is the purpose of this work. The concept of habitus coined by Pierre Bourdieu will be used to measure conceptually how this experience (clinical, modern and symbolic) fits in the contemporary discussion of sociology

Jornalismo, literatura e sociedade em Lima Barreto

This work has as objective approaches the relationship among journalism, literature and society in Lima Barreto, especially in fiction book Recordações do escrivão Isaías Caminha and in several of their chronicles, detecting the superficiality notion that author sees in the journalistic activity and to point that the literature brings the particularity of presenting as an alive laboratory for the social sciences. The used theoretical-methodological elements draw a corpus through an interactive process in which additional layers of the author's texts are submitted to the analysis. As theoretical support is worked the notion of magmas of social significances, idealized by Cornelius Castoriadis

Desenvolvimento e assistência social : uma avaliação da efetividade da política de assistência social nos municípios de Assú e Mossoró (2004 -2008)

This thesis, whose title is DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: AN EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION IN SOCIAL ASSISTENCE POLICY IN THE CITIES OF ASSÚ AND MOSSORÓ/RN (2004/2008), has as main aim to evaluate effectiveness in Social Assistance Policy in the cities of Assu and Mossoró/RN, from 2004 to 2008, identifying its impacts and effects in life of its users. The methodological process for the research was composed by: a) Literature review on this theme, development of public policies; social public policies, public policy evaluation and Social Assistance Policy in Brazil; b) Documental research from Municipal Management of Social Development and Municipal Counsels of Social Assistance in the cities of Assu and Mossoró/RN about the object of this study and empirical field; c) Field Research constituted by the realization of Focal Groups with Social Assistance users and semistructured interviews with municipal managers from Assú and Mossoró. It was also taken into account participant observations in events and activities related to Social Assistance previously mentioned, considering field management and also the response to users demands. Articulating the themes of Development and Public Social Policy in Social Assistance was the theoretical purpose for this thesis. To achieve this purpose, it was performed two theoretical displacements related, at the same time, to the notion of development and to the concept of Social Assistance, which means to comprehend development as social change and improvement in users life quality, expressed in the expansion of their capacities and liberties (SEN, 1993, 2000), and the Social Assistance as an element for development. Such displacements provide a view of Public policy and Social Policies and evaluate National Policy of Social Assistance achieved in those cities. As product, this thesis presents a methodological purpose for effectiveness evaluation in Public Policy, taking into account expansion of capacities and liberties, concluding that Social Assistance Policy in Assú and Mossoró/RN, even in lesser extent had its impact and caused effective results in the life of their users and provided an expansion of their capacities and liberties, improving life quality and empowered agent condition for those subjects. The results show that this Policy has been proved to be effective, and consequently, it was considered, in this thesis, to be also an element and an allied for development