Estabilização de um Solo com Cimento e Cinza de Lodo Para Uso em Pavimentos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Reciclagem de material asfáltico fresado utilizando solventes e microemulsões

With the increase of asphalt milling services was also a significant increase in recycling services pavements. The techniques used today are basically physical processes in which the milled material is incorporated into new asphalt mixtures or executed on site, with the addition of virgin asphalt and rejuvenating agent. In this paper seeks to analyze the efficiency of extraction of CAP (Petroleum Asphalt Cement) mixtures from asphalt milling, using commercial solvents and microemulsions. The solvents were evaluated for their ability to solubilize asphalt using an extractor reflux-type apparatus. Pseudoternary diagrams were developed for the preparation of microemulsion O/W surfactant using a low-cost coconut oil saponified (OCS). Microemulsions were used to extract the CAP of asphalt through physicochemical process cold. Analysis was performed concentration of CAP in solution by spectroscopy. The data provided in the analysis of concentration by the absorbance of the solution as the basis for calculating the percentage of extraction and the mass flow of the CAP in the solution. The results showed that microemulsions prepared with low concentration of kerosene and butanol/OCS binary has high extraction power of CAP and its efficiency was higher than pure kerosene, reaching 95% rate of extraction

Obtenção de emulsões asfálticas convencionais e modificadas com argilas e nanoargilas

The increasing demand for asphalt leads to the development of techniques that can improve the quality of products and increase the useful working life of pavements. Consequently, there is a growing application of asphalt emulsions, which are produced from a mixture of petroleum asphalt cement (CAP) with an aqueous phase. The main advantage of asphalt emulsions is its cold application, reducing energy costs. Conventional emulsions are obtained using asphalt, water, solvent, and additives. The modified asphalt emulsion is developed by adding a modifying agent to conventional emulsions. These modifiers can be natural fibers, waste polymers, nanomaterials. In this work modified asphalt emulsion were obtained using organoclays. First, it was prepared a conventional asphalt emulsion with the following mass proportion: 50% of 50/70 penetration grade CAP, 0.6% of additives and 3% of emulsifier, 20% of solvent and 26.4% of water. It was used bentonite and vermiculite (1% and 4%) to obtain the modified asphalt emulsion. Bentonite and vermiculite were added in its raw state and as an organoclay form and as an organoclay-acid form, resulting in 26 experimental runs. The methodology described by Qian et al. (2011), with modifications, was used to obtain the organoclay and the organoclay-acid form. infrared spectroscopy (IR)) were used to characterize the clays and nanoclays. The emulsions were prepared in a colloidal mill, using 30 minutes and 1 hour as mixing time. After, the emulsions were characterized. The following tests were performed, in accordance with the Brazilian specifications (DNER- 369/97): sieve analysis, Saybolt Furol viscosity, pH determination, density, settlement and storage stability, residue by evaporation, and penetration of residue. Finally, it can be concluded that the use of nanoclays as asphalt modifiers represent a viable alternative to the road paving industry

Cartografias do desejo em asfalto selvagem - engraçadinha, seus amores e seus pecados: humor, erotismo e o pornógrafo no romance rodrigueano

Trata-se nesta dissertação de estabelecer, partindo do pensamento contemporâneo francês da linha deleuziana e guattariana, sobretudo, uma analítica do desejo capaz de reconfigurar o romance de Nelson Rodrigues, Asfalto selvagem: Engraçadinha, seus amores e seus pecados, desterritorializá-lo em relação à tradição crítica e estética, fundada no paradigma realista-naturalista enraizado no pensamento literário brasileiro, especificamente no século XX. Movemo-nos por discussões sobre o autor e sobre o romance, empreendidas por Rolnik, interlocutora de Guattari, o qual está ligado aos novos paradigmas estéticos, à questão da produção de subjetividades, à micropolítica, às multiplicidades e às minorias. Buscamos contribuir para esse redimensionamento, colocando-nos na perspectiva cartográfica e rizomática para surpreender, em Asfalto, seus processos de subjetivação, incidindo sobre as singularidades selvagens, considerando os conceitos de Foucault, aplicados à construção literária enquanto espaço heterotópico, configurando a experiência do fora, como princípios estéticos. Veremos que as personagens, com foco em Engraçadinha, funcionam, como pequenas máquinas desejantes, Corpos sem Órgãos, moléculas desestabilizando as formações molares. Destarte, Nelson Rodrigues, na perspectiva da produção autoral, torna-se o pornógrafo, o literato iterador, como agenciador de uma palavra perversa, para além dos dogmas, da cena romantizada, originando, em sua poética, a revelação da obs-cena, a obscenidade, como crítica às instituições falidas. Trazemos, nesse sentido, referências de Bataille, quanto ao que na atividade estética se relaciona com o excedente da visão, relacionados ao espaço tático-ótico, concepção deleuziana referentes ao corpo-linguagem, pornografia, pornógrafo, narrativas abomináveis. Acompanhamo-nos, pois, dos conceitos da problemática da diferença e da alteridade, repercutindo na larvaridade, nas afecções, que abrem vias comunicantes com fenômenos extremos, atuantes em torno do mesmo e do outro, trazendo a rizomaticidade do mal e da monstruosidade para a construção estética de Asfalto selvagem, vistos sob a ótica de Bataille, Deleuze, Baudrillard, em ensaios que rompem o olhar estrutural em torno da obra e oferecem subsídios para a construção de uma cartografia outra, o território do ficcional, habitado por um povo por vir, na perspectiva tratada por Deleuze e por Blanchot

Mel no asfalto: percepções do neutro nos contos de Caio Fernando Abreu

The work of Caio Fernando Abreu has a very vast and impressive thematic horizon , which is usually the core of the papers on the work of this author . This paper proposes to understand this characteristic of a more intricate point of view : perceive and analyze how the work of the author builds itself thematically , but mainly textually . I n other words , as the text enacts his own writing . From this it is noticeable how the text of Abreu plays with some senses through textual constructions that do not impose directly sense to the reader . Thus, the research sees in the chosen corpus , the collection Os dragões não conhecem o paraíso ( 2014 ), the neutral as proposed by the French essayist Roland Barthes (2003 a ). This neutral is understood by Barthes as a possibility to suspend the paradigms that constitute the sense, what exactly justifies the noticeable game in the work of Abreu . This game , to Roland Barthes , is precisely the literature. If the paradigm involves transforming the language , and all language expressions, in a way to propagate ideologies , the literature does not escape this fate . In order to escape this fate , you must fight the language internally ; we must play wit h the language . The neutral is the possibility of the game. Thus , the study sought neutral in Caio Fernando Abreu short stories , presenting it and analyzing it through " figures" which, for Barthes , is a way of perceiving the neut ral through texts , but not in a prescriptive manner. It was proposed , in the analysis , then understand the " Subjectivities ", the " Default ", the " Body " and " Disease " , for example, as possibilities of the game . Finally , in many Abreu’s work instances , the neutral is achieved by textual operations that are not in themselves neutral , but which achieve a " neutral effect ", which explains the game , the literature, in the texts of Caio Fernando Abreu .

Avaliação da potencialidade de argilas do Rio Grande do Norte – Brasil

DUTRA, Ricardo Peixoto Suassuna ; SILVA, Jaquelígia Brito da ; MORAES, Márcio Luiz Varela Nogueira de ; NASCIMENTO, R. M. ; GOMES, Uilame Umbelino ; PASKOCIMAS, Carlos Alberto . Avaliação da potencialidade de argilas do Rio Grande do Norte. Cerâmica Industrial, v. 13, p. 47-50, 2008.

Indicações para o projeto arquitetônico de edifícios multifamiliares: uma análise pósocupação em Natal/RN

Confirming the Brazilian tendency in the field, the multifamily vertical condominium habitats in Natal are defined as buildings with three or more floors which have been an increasingly used solution. In the mentioned project, the connection between the projectarchitects and the user/ buyers are spread out, by which the first people conceive the realestate property as a creation for the market and not the individual client in specific. Such situation along with technical and financial limitations of the project lead to the adoption of standard solutions to be utilized by clients with different profiles. Besides that, there are various legal and urban parameters by the City Director Plan showing elements of great influence in the final solution adopted by the mentioned edifices. Moving to this subject in general, this project is focused on the case study of the Ed. Ville de Montpellier, having as a base of Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE), considered an efficient tool to analyze and keep up with the progress of the construction of the building, including technical approvals, the application of surveys with the local residents and the creation of informal interviews. The data shows that with time some items that initially motivated the acquisition of the realestate property (with a social common area) move to being less valued, and that the residents quickly alter the pre constructed space, thus seeking to alter the property in a more personal and conforming manner. The possibility of a new emphasis for projects on the mentioned space should also be in discussion, the created project calls for the attention of projected conceptual aspects and interdependence within project and construction which permits the indication of some recommendations for the projection of multifamily residential buildings within the studied realm

Vitalidade no centro antigo Teresina, Piauí Praça Marechal Deodoro: uma intervenção contemporânea em área de valor patrimonial

This study deals with the discussions of contemporary interventions in public spaces in areas of heritage value. The product of this dissertation is an Intervention Project to Marechal Deodoro Square located in Teresina/PI center. The starting point for understanding the theme of this study is to investigate the accessibility and vitality of a public space - through relationship between form and uses. The spatial properties of accessibility and visibility as well as the distribution of land use - factors were associated with distinct patterns of vitality - and compared to usage patterns observed in situ and statements from users obtained through the results of the questionnaires. In attention to questions about the building constructed, particularly in historical centers, considers the guidelines to define intervention strategies in the square, consisted in the development of simulations that after evaluation of results of redesign, was chosen the best option to meet the necessary requirements to the performance, considering the spatial properties of integration and visibility that meet these requirements. Therefore, the "Intervention Project" carried out for the Marechal Deodoro Square characterization proposed items are discussed: spatial structure, vegetation, road network, pavements, street furniture and lighting

Estudo da incorporação de resíduo industrial polimérico ao CAP

This work presents the incorporation of an industrial polymeric waste into a petroleum asphalt cement with penetration grade 50-60 (CAP 50-60). The main goal of this research is the development of a polymer-modified asphalt, with improvements in its physical properties, in order to obtain a more resistant material to the traffic loads. Furthermore, the use of this polymeric waste will result in economic and environmental benefits. The CAP 50-60 used in this research was kindly supplied by LUBNOR Lubrificantes e Derivados de Petróleo do Nordeste (produced in Fazenda Belém Aracati - Ceará) and the industrial polymeric waste was provided by a button manufacturer industry, located in Rio Grande do Norte state. This polymeric waste represents an environmental problem due to its difficulty in recycling and disposal, being necessary the payment by the industry to a landfill. The difficulty in its reuse is for being this material a termofixed polymer, as a result, the button chips resulting from the molding process cannot be employed for the same purpose. The first step in this research was the characterization of the polymeric waste, using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the results, the material was classified as unsaturated polyester. After, laboratory experiments were accomplished seeking to incorporate the polymeric waste into the asphalt binder according to a 23 experimental factorial design, using as main factors: the polymer content (2%, 7% and 14%), the temperature of the mixture (140 and 180 oC) and the reaction time (20 and 60 minutes). The characterization of the polymer-modified asphalt was accomplished by traditional tests, such as: penetration, ring and ball softening point, viscosity, ductility and flash point temperature. The obtained results demonstrated that the addition of the polymeric waste into the asphalt binder modified some of its physical properties. However, this addition can be considered as a feasible alternative for the use of the polymeric waste, which is a serious environmental and technological problem.

Obtenção de emulsões asfálticas modificadas utilizando resíduos industriais

The main objective of this research was the development and characterization of conventional and modified cationic asphalt emulsions. The asphalt emulsions were developed by using the Petroleum Asphalt Cement (CAP 50-70) from Fazenda Belém (Petrobras -Aracati-Ce). The first step in this research was the development of the oil phase (asphalt + solvent) and the aqueous phase (water + emulsifying agent + acid + additives), separately. During the experiments for the obtaining of the conventional asphalt emulsion, the concentration of each constituent was evaluated. For the obtaining of the oil phase, kerosene was used as solvent at 15 and 20 wt.%. For the development of the aqueous phase, the emulsifying agent was used at 0.3 and 3.0 wt.%, whereas the acid and the additive were set at 0.3 wt.%. The percentage of asphalt in the asphalt emulsion was varied in 50, 55, and 60 wt.% and the heating temperature was set at 120 °C. The aqueous phase in the asphalt emulsion was varied from 16.4 to 34.1 wt.% and the heating temperature was set at 60 °C. After the obtaining of the oil and the aqueous phases, they were added at a colloidal mill, remaining under constant stirring and heating during 15 minutes. Each asphalt emulsion was evaluated considering: sieve analysis, Saybolt Furol viscosity, pH determination, settlement and storage stability, residue by evaporation, and penetration of residue. After the characterization of conventional emulsions, it was chosen the one that presented all properties in accordance with Brazilian specifications (DNER-EM 369/97). This emulsion was used for the development of all modified asphalt emulsions. Three polymeric industrial residues were used as modifier agents: one from a clothing button industry (cutouts of clothing buttons) and two from a footwear industry (cutouts of sandals and tennis shoes soles), all industries located at Rio Grande do Norte State (Brazil).The polymeric residues were added into the asphalt emulsion (1 to 6 wt.%) and the same characterization rehearsals were accomplished. After characterization, it were developed the cold-mix asphalts. It was used the Marshall mix design. For cold-mix asphalt using the conventional emulsion, it was used 5, 6 and 7 wt.% asphalt emulsion. The conventional mixtures presented stability values according Brazilian specification (DNER-369/97). For mixtures containing asphalt modified emulsions, it was observed that the best results were obtained with emulsions modified by button residue

Incorporação do lodo de tanque séptico como matéria-prima de uma mistura asfáltica

In Natal/RN, 68% of the population uses some kind of individual system for their domestic sewers treatment, being that the most used it is septic tank, followed by sumidouro. Every treatment system of sewers, usually used, generates a by-product denominated sludge. That residue presents some components, in its constitution, undesirable under the environmental and sanitary point of view. In such case, to assure that the system treatment has satisfactory results, it is necessary to do the adjusted disposition of the sludge sewage. Several countries are looking for technical alternatives for the use and disposition of residues. Under technical and environmental conditions appropriate, these materials can be used, decreasing the consumption of the natural resources and the treatment need, storage or elimination of the wastes, what decrease the risks created. Some of the alternatives of recycling of the sludge sewage are: the application in the agriculture, in the production of energy and as raw material in the civil construction. This study evaluated asphalt mixtures behavior that partially substituted conventional aggregates by septic tank sludge. The septic tank sludge gave origin to two raw materials called raw sludge and sludge ash. The raw sludge was put as a small aggregate and the sludge ash as filler. In the first experiment it was made a comparison between the mixture with conventional aggregates and the mixtures that replaced sand by raw sludge in the proportions from 5% to 40%. In the second experiment, it was made comparison between mixtures with 1%, 2% and 3% of sludge ash and cement. The stages developed along the study were: physical characterization of the conventional materials; physical, chemistry, thermal, mineralogical characterizations and analysis of environmental risk of the raw sludge; physical characterization and analysis of environmental risk of the sludge ash; analysis of the mixtures performance through its volumetric and mechanical characteristics; forecast of the mixtures susceptibility in the moisture presence. For the grain size composition used and with the percentage asphalt adopted, the mixtures with up to 7,5% of raw sludge in his composition attend to the National Department of Transports Infrastructure (DNIT) specifications. However, in agreement with the mixtures susceptibility in the moisture presence, the mixtures with addition of raw sludge don't present satisfactory acting. In such case, they could be used in arid and semi-arid areas. The raw sludge application in mixtures increased their voids volume and their stability. However, it damaged mixtures adhesiveness. Mixtures with sludge ash and with cement presented similar behavior. However, mixtures with sludge ash presented a better performance than mixtures with cement as for their stability and their tensile strength ratio. The mixture with 1% of sludge ash is better. The wastes studied don't represent environmental risk

Ampliação do Setor de Aulas Teóricas IV - UFRN: proposta arquitetônica baseada no conceito da flexibilidade e adaptabilidade, utilizando os parâmetros de conforto ambiental

In recent years, the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) has come through an intense process of expansion, common for the Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) - Higher Education Institutions – since the implantation of the Programa de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI), a program of restructuring and expansion of the federal universities. The incentives made at UFRN can be seen into the expansion of the fields of teaching, research and extension, besides hiring human resources and adaptation / expansion of physical spaces. The focus of the UFRN at the technological area through the project (REUNI) has reflected in a significant expansion of the physical structure of the Center of Technology, area where the section of classes IV remains being the main set of rooms that supports the demand of the courses in the technological area, in which highlights the lack of classrooms. In this sense, the work presented here, proposes an architectural blueprint for expanding the physical space of this sector, based in this main parameters: (i) the spatial flexibility that attends the varying numbers of students per class; (ii) the environmental comfort, using the parameters and guidelines constructive for the Bioclimatic Zone 8; (iii) the requirements contained in the rules of ABNT NBR 9050:2004, 9077:2001 and NBR NBR 15220-3:2003. The architectural proposal used the maximum template allowed by the UFRN Central Campus Master Plan, four floors, considering the existing building (area equal to 7413.95 m²) as the ground floor and the extension proposed distributed on three floors, with an area of around 2,535, 00 m² each, making up a total of 7602.65 m² of total area built

Caracterização de resíduos oriundos do beneficiamento do minério de ferro para uso em pavimentação

Mining in Brazil has a key role in economic and social development, contributing directly to improve the lives of the population. However, the mining activity even if done responsibly and with a proper study of waste management to reduce the impact of its effects, may cause harmful damage to the environment. Other forms of pollution are also caused due to mining activity. The visual pollution caused by the waste storage at open sky, in addition to the noise pollution caused by the excessive noise of the machines both in the extraction of ore, as in processing. An alternative way to lessen the environmental impacts caused by mining is the use of waste in layers that will compose the pavements along the highways. Thus, this work sets out to give a proper disposal of the wastes from the processing of iron ore, resulting from the mining activity of the group of mining Mhag Services and Mining S/A, in the mine of Bonito, located in Jucurutu, a town in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The residues of the iron ore were stabilized with a granular soil from the city of Macaiba, also in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, which is being used in the duplication of the BR-304 referring to the entitled passage of Reta Tabajara. The present work was developed in three stages, being the first one divided by the chemical and mineralogical tests, by the tests of physical characterization and by the tests of paving for the residues of the iron ore. The second stage corresponds to the same tests being performed for granular soil. The third stage includes the essays abovementioned for three different mixtures of iron ore waste and granular soil, being they: 15% of iron-ore waste and 85% of granular soil, 25% of iron-ore waste and 75% of granular soil, 50% of iron-ore waste and 50% of granular soil. The technical feasibility of using waste from the iron ore beneficiation was checked, compressed in the intermediate energy and modified for use in base layers, sub-base, reinforcement subgrade and subgrade. The incorporation of the residues originating from the improvement of the iron ore in highways will provide an alternative to the use of aggregate conventionally used in the paving, besides preserving the environment.

Avaliação do potencial das fibras de Ceiba Pentandra (Kapok) e Calotropis Procera como adsorventes de petróleo

On the basis of human evolution and the population increase was necessary, the emergence of new sources of energy, the development of new products and technologies. One such product, object of the industry revolution and of great importance to the development of humanity is the oil, a substance composed primarily of hydrocarbons which give rise to several other products as fuels, lubricants, polymers, solvents, cooking gas, asphalt for roads, fertilizers, medicines, paints, among other. However, mishandling this product may cause leaks and spills that generate huge damages to the environment and the economy. Soon, with the purpose of contributing to decrease is problematic, in this master's work was carried out an intensive search of the possible potential of the fibers of Ceiba pentandra (L.) "Kapok" and Calotropis Procera as bioadsorbents of petroleum in water. The choice of these fibers is due to surface properties such as oleophylics and hydrophobic, their buoyancy and yet, being biodegradable natural polymers derived from the Brazilian Northeast. This research was used experimental planning with response surface methodology (RSM) with the software Design Expert. The results were statistically efficient, obtaining a R2= 0.9995 for Calotropis Procera and a R2= 0.9993 for Kapok. And that, both fibers showed adsorption efficiency, removing more than 80% petroleum in water static and dynamic state.

Avaliação da potencialidade de argilas do Rio Grande do Norte – Brasil

DUTRA, Ricardo Peixoto Suassuna ; SILVA, Jaquelígia Brito da ; MORAES, Márcio Luiz Varela Nogueira de ; NASCIMENTO, R. M. ; GOMES, Uilame Umbelino ; PASKOCIMAS, Carlos Alberto . Avaliação da potencialidade de argilas do Rio Grande do Norte. Cerâmica Industrial, v. 13, p. 47-50, 2008.