Efeito da estrutura etária nas taxas de homicídios em regiões metropolitanas brasileiras (Natal - Recife - São Paulo)

Este estudio examina el fenómeno de asesinato, desde la perspectiva de cambiar la estructura de edad de la zona metropolitana de Natal, Recife y Sao Paulo, utilizando los datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad-SIM/DATASUS, del Ministerio de Salud. Se llevaron a cabo ejercicios teóricos estandarización directa con las estructuras de diferentes edades para evaluar el efecto de los cambios en la estructura de la población en las tasas de mortalidad por homicidio. Los resultados presentados en las pirámides de edad y las cartas apuntan a la población de edad avanzada en las tres áreas metropolitanas de la serie analizada, así como las que muestran un mayor riesgo de victimización en las personas, hombres, de edades comprendidas entre 15 y 39 años. Hemos utilizado diversos ejercicios de las tasas de homicidios con patrones estandarizados de distintas edades, incluyendo una población proyectada para el año 2020 de la Región Metropolitana de São Paulo, cada vez más evidente que cuando la población se vuelve más edad con menos gente en los grupos de mayor riesgo tienden a tener menores tasas de muertes por homicidio, también puede presentar otros resultados siempre la misma línea de razonamiento

Mudanças demográficas e homicídios. Que relação é essa? Um estudo nas Regiões Metropolitanas de Maceió, Natal, Recife e São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de compósitos poli(tereftalato de etileno) reciclado (PET reciclado) com flocos de vidro.

The growing concern with the solid residues management, observed in the last decade, due to its huge amount and impact, has motivated the search for recycling processes, where these residues can be reprocessed to generate new products, enlarging the cycle of materials and energy which are present. Among the polymeric residues, there is poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). PET is used in food packaging, preferably in the bottling of carbonated beverages. The reintegration of post-consumer PET in half can be considered a productive action mitigation of environmental impacts caused by these wastes and it is done through the preparation of several different products at the origin, i.e. food packaging, with recycling rates increasing to each year. This work focused on the development and characterization mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, dynamic mechanical thermal and morphology of the pure recycled PET and recycled PET composites with glass flakes in the weight fraction of 5%, 10% and 20% processed in a single screw extruder, using the following analytical techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile, Izod impact, Rockwell hardness, Vicat softening temperature, melt flow rate, burn rate, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of thermal analysis and mechanical properties leading to a positive evaluation, because in the thermograms the addition of glass flakes showed increasing behavior in the initial temperatures of thermal decomposition and melting crystalline, Furthermore was observed growing behavior in the mechanical performance of polymer composites, whose morphological structure was observed by SEM, verifying a good distribution of glass flakes, showing difference orientation in the center and in the surface layer of test body of composites with 10 and 20% of glass flakes. The results of DMTA Tg values of the composites obtained from the peak of tan ä showed little reductions due to poor interfacial adhesion between PET and recycled glass flakes.

Juventude e vulnerabilidade social :no contexto intra-urbano de Natal, RN

The use of the term social vulnerability in the study of the reproduction of the social inequalities in Brazil, still, is recent. The social vulnerability is linked to the indicators of social risk. The work approaches the youth's social vulnerability and your relationship with the education, considering the youth a, among other groups socially excluded, vulnerable, in the Brazilian metropolises. It is guided by the methodological theoretical formulations on this thematic one developed by the Rede Metrópoles in the ambit of the project, " Observatory of the Metropolises: territory, social cohesion and democratic governability ( Project Millennium CNPq) and your unfoldings in the Natal group. Empirically, forehead a methodological proposal - still in construction - and it accomplishes a " pilot " study for the city of Natal with base in the data of the Census of IBGE 2000, that proposes mensurar the importance of the social characteristics of the neighborhood on the considered youths' educational acting those that are in the strip from 15 to 24 years. It considers that the youths' educational " earnings as being influenced not only for the social context of the family, also, for your space location in the city - social context of the neighborhood. With base in the results can verify that the youths of the city of Natal present situations of social vulnerability so much in the ambit of the family as expresses in the social space of the neighborhood. Such vulnerability are verified in the low educational indexes, in the high unemployment rates and in the presented social conditions of the researched areas. The youths, residents of those neighborhoods, they are considered vulnerable socially because original of a precarious source of " assets " and opportunities. There is in Natal a low " structure of assets and opportunities " - accessible to the youth

Reconhecimento de voz através de unidades menores do que a palavra, utilizando Wavelet Packet e SVM, em uma nova estrutura hierárquica de decisão

The automatic speech recognition by machine has been the target of researchers in the past five decades. In this period have been numerous advances, such as in the field of recognition of isolated words (commands), which has very high rates of recognition, currently. However, we are still far from developing a system that could have a performance similar to the human being (automatic continuous speech recognition). One of the great challenges of searches for continuous speech recognition is the large amount of pattern. The modern languages such as English, French, Spanish and Portuguese have approximately 500,000 words or patterns to be identified. The purpose of this study is to use smaller units than the word such as phonemes, syllables and difones units as the basis for the speech recognition, aiming to recognize any words without necessarily using them. The main goal is to reduce the restriction imposed by the excessive amount of patterns. In order to validate this proposal, the system was tested in the isolated word recognition in dependent-case. The phonemes characteristics of the Brazil s Portuguese language were used to developed the hierarchy decision system. These decisions are made through the use of neural networks SVM (Support Vector Machines). The main speech features used were obtained from the Wavelet Packet Transform. The descriptors MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) are also used in this work. It was concluded that the method proposed in this work, showed good results in the steps of recognition of vowels, consonants (syllables) and words when compared with other existing methods in literature

Otimização Topológica com Termo-elasticidade Utilizando Elementos Tri3

This work proposes a formulation for optimization of 2D-structure layouts submitted to mechanic and thermal shipments and applied an h-adaptive filter process which conduced to computational low spend and high definition structural layouts. The main goal of the formulation is to minimize the structure mass submitted to an effective state of stress of von Mises, with stability and lateral restriction variants. A criterion of global measurement was used for intents a parametric condition of stress fields. To avoid singularity problems was considerate a release on the stress restriction. On the optimization was used a material approach where the homogenized constructive equation was function of the material relative density. The intermediary density effective properties were represented for a SIMP-type artificial model. The problem was simplified by use of the method of finite elements of Galerkin using triangles with linear Lagrangian basis. On the solution of the optimization problem, was applied the augmented Lagrangian Method, that consists on minimum problem sequence solution with box-type restrictions, resolved by a 2nd orderprojection method which uses the method of the quasi-Newton without memory, during the problem process solution. This process reduces computational expends showing be more effective and solid. The results materialize more refined layouts with accurate topologic and shape of structure definitions. On the other hand formulation of mass minimization with global stress criterion provides to modeling ready structural layouts, with violation of the criterion of homogeneous distributed stress

Estrutura do dossel e acúmulo de forragem dos capins piatã e marandu sob pastejo com ovinos

The objective of this scientific work was to evaluate the tillering and mass production of Brachiaria brizantha Piatã and Marandu grasses with two statures of post-grazing. The experimental lineation was in factorial arrangement (2 pastures x 2 residue stature) with subplots (grazing cycle). The experimental period was from March to October of 2012. The target stature on pre-grazing was 50 cm and on post-grazing 15 and 25 for each cultivar. The following variables were analyzed: tiller population density, forage mass, morphological components, accumulation and accumulation rate. Three grazing cycles were obtained. Marandu grass presented larger forage mass on pre-grazing and lower stem production than piatã grass. No difference was observed between the two cultivars regarding the leaf blade production. There was no difference on forage mass, leaf blade, stem, and dead material production between the two statures of post-grazing. The pastures managed at 25 cm presented accumulation rate compared to those with 15 cm. Concerning the accumulation rate on the two cultivars, piatã and marandu grasses, Marandu grass presented higher amount than the piatã grass, and also presented higher values on the rate of basal tiller appearing on 15 cm stature post-pasture feature. Piatã grass managed at 25 cm developed smaller tiller amount on the second generation and greater tiller amount on the third generation than marandu grass. The greater tiller population density was observed on 25cm post-grazing pastures. There was no statistical difference of density between the two cultivars and between the cycles. Accordingly, it is concluded that piatã and marandu cultivars can be managed with 15cm and 25 cm post-grazing statures

Dinâmica e estrutura de redes complexas no modelo de afinidade

In this work we elaborate and discuss a Complex Network model which presents connectivity scale free probability distribution (power-law degree distribution). In order to do that, we modify the rule of the preferential attachment of the Bianconi-Barabasi model, including a factor which represents the similarity of the sites. The term that corresponds to this similarity is called the affinity, and is obtained by the modulus of the difference between the fitness (or quality) of the sites. This variation in the preferential attachment generates very interesting results, by instance the time evolution of the connectivity, which follows a power-law distribution ki / ( t t0 )fi, where fi indicates the rate to the site gain connections. Certainly this depends on the affinity with other sites. Besides, we will show by numerical simulations results for the average path length and for the clustering coefficient

Padrões de diversidade α (alfa) e β (beta) zooplanctônica em lagos tropicais: a importância da estrutura do habitat e da identidade das espécies

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Padrões de diversidade α (alfa) e β (beta) zooplanctônica em lagos tropicais: a importância da estrutura do habitat e da identidade das espécies

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de compósitos poli(tereftalato de etileno) reciclado (PET reciclado) com flocos de vidro.

The growing concern with the solid residues management, observed in the last decade, due to its huge amount and impact, has motivated the search for recycling processes, where these residues can be reprocessed to generate new products, enlarging the cycle of materials and energy which are present. Among the polymeric residues, there is poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). PET is used in food packaging, preferably in the bottling of carbonated beverages. The reintegration of post-consumer PET in half can be considered a productive action mitigation of environmental impacts caused by these wastes and it is done through the preparation of several different products at the origin, i.e. food packaging, with recycling rates increasing to each year. This work focused on the development and characterization mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, dynamic mechanical thermal and morphology of the pure recycled PET and recycled PET composites with glass flakes in the weight fraction of 5%, 10% and 20% processed in a single screw extruder, using the following analytical techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile, Izod impact, Rockwell hardness, Vicat softening temperature, melt flow rate, burn rate, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of thermal analysis and mechanical properties leading to a positive evaluation, because in the thermograms the addition of glass flakes showed increasing behavior in the initial temperatures of thermal decomposition and melting crystalline, Furthermore was observed growing behavior in the mechanical performance of polymer composites, whose morphological structure was observed by SEM, verifying a good distribution of glass flakes, showing difference orientation in the center and in the surface layer of test body of composites with 10 and 20% of glass flakes. The results of DMTA Tg values of the composites obtained from the peak of tan ä showed little reductions due to poor interfacial adhesion between PET and recycled glass flakes.