4 resultados para Complex samples
em Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN)
Resumo:
The β-proteobacterium Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative, free-living, saprophytic and opportunistic pathogen that inhabits tropical and subtropical ecosystems among them, in soil and water of the Amazon. It has great biotechnological potential, and because of this potential, its genome was completely sequenced in 2003. Genome analysis showed that this bacterium has several genes with functions related to the ability to survive under different kinds of environmental stresses. In order to understand the physiological response of C. violaceum under oxidative stress, we applied the tool of shotgun proteomics. Thus, colonies of C. violaceum ATCC 12472 were grown in the presence and absence of 8 mM H2O2 for two hours, total proteins were extracted from bacteria, subjected to SDS-PAGE, stained and hydrolysed. The tryptic peptides generated were subjected to a linear-liquid chromatography (LC) followed by mass spectrometer (LTQ-XL-Orbitrap) to obtain quantitative and qualitative data. A shotgun proteomics allows to compare directly in complex samples, differential expression of proteins and found that in C. Violaceum, 131 proteins are expressed exclusively in the control condition, 177 proteins began to be expressed under oxidative stress and 1175 proteins have expression in both conditions. The results showed that, under the condition of oxidative stress, this bacterium changes its metabolism by increasing the expression of proteins capable of combating oxidative stress and decreasing the expression of proteins related processes bacterial growth and catabolism (transcription, translation, carbon metabolism and fatty acids). A tool with of proteomics as an approach of integrative biology provided an overview of the metabolic pathways involved in the response of C. violaceum to oxidative stress, as well as significantly amplified understanding physiological response to environmental stress. Biochemical and "in silico" assays with the hypothetical ORF CV_0868 found that this is part of an operon. Phylogenetic analysis of superoxide dismutase, protein belonging to the operon also showed that the gene is duplicated in genome of C. violaceum and the second copy was acquired through a horizontal transfer event. Possibly, not only the SOD gene but also all genes comprising this operon were obtained in the same manner. It was concluded that C. violaceum has complex, efficient and versatile mechanisms in oxidative stress response
Resumo:
Avaliar os dados de aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar de crianças menores de um ano, do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), de acordo com o que é preconizado pelas políticas e ações de alimentação e nutrição. Métodos: Foi analisado o banco de dados da Chamada Neonatal do RN, pesquisa realizada pelo Ministério da Saúde em 2010. A amostra analisada foi de 837 pares mãe/filho que responderam ao questionário da pesquisa nos municípios investigados. Foram analisadas a prevalência de dados de aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME), na primeira hora de vida, parcial (AMP) e total (AMT), assim como dos alimentos ingeridos, pelas crianças, nas ultimas 24 horas anterior a entrevista. As frequências e médias foram feitas pelo comando Complex samples, no SPSS® 20.0, com IC95%. Foram estimadas as medianas de tempo de AME e AMT, assim como a mediana de tempo de introdução dos grupos de alimentos consumidos, em relação a idade da criança pelo método de probitos. Foi feita associação das probabilidades de tempo de AME e AMT com as variáveis sociodemográficas e de pré-natal (p<0.05). Resultados: Foram encontradas médias de idades de 5,28 ± 3,4 meses e 25,9 ± 6,4 anos, para crianças e mães, respectivamente. A prática de aleitamento na primeira hora de vida foi considerada boa (66,6%) e o percentual de AME (20%) razoável,segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, 2008. Mais da metade das crianças (55,1%) estavam em AMP. No total 60% estavam sendo amamentadas (AMT) ao final do primeiro ano de vida. O AME teve mediana de 63 dias e AMT de 358 dias. Estes dados não se diferenciaram muito entre a capital e os municípios do interior. A maioria das mães entrevistadas (73,8%) referiu ter tido orientação sobre aleitamento no pré- natal, tendo associação (p=0,03) com a probabilidade de tempo de AME, porém com pouca explicabilidade (R2= 0,011). Água ou chá, alimentos lácteos, frutas, legumes e verduras foram introduzidos precocemente com medianas menores que 180 dias. O aleitamento tende a diminuir e os alimentos tendem a aumentar o consumo de acordo com a idade da criança, com aumento exponencial do grupo calorias vazias . Conclusões: Conclui-se que mesmo com maioria das crianças amamentadas até um ano de vida, poucas estavam em AME e introduziram alimentos precocemente, não tendo resultado satisfatório frente ao preconizado pelas políticas públicas de alimentação e nutrição
Análise da toxicidade no açude Riacho da Cachoeira, Lajes Pintadas (RN): um desafio interdisciplinar
Resumo:
Contamination by complex mixtures of various origins has been explored and studied for decades. Radon is a naturally occurring environmental contaminant that causes carcinogenic effects. These emissions can cause mutations in the lung tissue, which can initiate a carcinogenic process. Thus the dam Creek Falls, located in the municipality of Lajes Pintadas, was chosen for the development of this study, since cancer rates in the region reach 9% of the population annually, with this, the main objective of this study was evaluate the mutagenicity and toxicity of Riacho da Cachoeira damunder the influence of radon. The methodology ecotoxicological tests were performed with Ceriodaphinia dubia, as well as tests with Tradescantia pallida genotoxicologicos and Oreochromis niloticus. To understand how the population of Pintadas Slabs realizes the environment, we performed a study of environmental perception. The test results indicated that the reservoir water is toxic to test organimos exposed, found heavy metals, chloride, total and fecal coliforms as well as radon levels above the maximum allowed under Brazilian law. These results can be justified because it is so complex samples composed of different compounds that interact only with each other or causing synergistic effects. It was concluded that the dam Creek Waterfall, is contaminated with radon, as well as heavy metals, coliforms and chloride, causing toxic effects to the natural community. Thus, further studies should be performed with the human population of the region, to verify that the high rates of cancer in the population of the municipality may be linked to the presence of natural radiation. Thus, it is expected that the competent bodies that administer the municipality of Lajes Pintadas take reasonable steps to minimize risks and ensure the health of the community that still makes use of the weir
Resumo:
The β-proteobacterium Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative, free-living, saprophytic and opportunistic pathogen that inhabits tropical and subtropical ecosystems among them, in soil and water of the Amazon. It has great biotechnological potential, and because of this potential, its genome was completely sequenced in 2003. Genome analysis showed that this bacterium has several genes with functions related to the ability to survive under different kinds of environmental stresses. In order to understand the physiological response of C. violaceum under oxidative stress, we applied the tool of shotgun proteomics. Thus, colonies of C. violaceum ATCC 12472 were grown in the presence and absence of 8 mM H2O2 for two hours, total proteins were extracted from bacteria, subjected to SDS-PAGE, stained and hydrolysed. The tryptic peptides generated were subjected to a linear-liquid chromatography (LC) followed by mass spectrometer (LTQ-XL-Orbitrap) to obtain quantitative and qualitative data. A shotgun proteomics allows to compare directly in complex samples, differential expression of proteins and found that in C. Violaceum, 131 proteins are expressed exclusively in the control condition, 177 proteins began to be expressed under oxidative stress and 1175 proteins have expression in both conditions. The results showed that, under the condition of oxidative stress, this bacterium changes its metabolism by increasing the expression of proteins capable of combating oxidative stress and decreasing the expression of proteins related processes bacterial growth and catabolism (transcription, translation, carbon metabolism and fatty acids). A tool with of proteomics as an approach of integrative biology provided an overview of the metabolic pathways involved in the response of C. violaceum to oxidative stress, as well as significantly amplified understanding physiological response to environmental stress. Biochemical and "in silico" assays with the hypothetical ORF CV_0868 found that this is part of an operon. Phylogenetic analysis of superoxide dismutase, protein belonging to the operon also showed that the gene is duplicated in genome of C. violaceum and the second copy was acquired through a horizontal transfer event. Possibly, not only the SOD gene but also all genes comprising this operon were obtained in the same manner. It was concluded that C. violaceum has complex, efficient and versatile mechanisms in oxidative stress response
