Combater as secas e defender as florestas a natureza nos desafios da ci��ncia e da t��cnica para modernizar o Brasil (1889 a 1934)

In the first decades of 20th century the just instituted Brazilian Republic faced the challenge to modernize the country. Considering that the progress was associated with the exhaustion of the forest reserves and with climatic changes, two big issues were seen as fundamental: To Fight the Droughts and To Defend the Forests; headed by professionals who were dedicated to these ideals. This research starts from the premise that these were the main challenges enforced by nature to the Brazilian development; the general objective was delimited in the search to understand the meaning and the conception of the natural world by this group of professionals who faced the shock between modernizing the country and conserving its natural resources. Aiming to contribute with the construction of the Brazilian environmental history and to bring historical elements to the debate about the environment in the country, the author concentrates his attention to the analyses, the discussions and the actions that preceded the regulation on the use of natural resources and the implementation of the environmental legislation in Brazil, occurred in 1934. The investigation uses as methodological basis the theoretical directions of environmental history, using sources of data still little explored and valued. In such way, it is taken as starting point some published papers about this subject during the period between 1889 and 1934 in two technical magazines the Revista Brazil Ferro-Carril and the Revista do Club de Engenharia. National engineering played a basic role in this process while arguing, projecting and constructing the development. The formulated proposals, after being divulged, had fomented the interchange with other professionals and had favored the advance of ambient questions in Brazil, in the sense to preserve natural resources, to construct more harmonic relations between the society and the nature and to equate the development with the environment preservation

O projeto de arquitetura de espa��os tempor��rios com o uso de sistema construtivo remont��vel: um estudo explorat��rio

The purpose of this research is to study the portable or reassemblable architectures, which, different from conventional architecture (whose designs are of permanent buildings), corresponds to the designing of spaces with temporary purposes. The focus of the study is the architectural design of spaces that are produced from building systems that can to be moved to different places (process of assembly / disassembly / reassembly) in order to identify the types of spaces generated and the processes used in their design / projecting. The aim is to investigate relationships between the initial project conceived based on a Reassemblable Construction System (RCS) and its application in the architectural design of professionals and students in order to contribute to the understanding of the specificities of this type of design activity. To this end it was developed the exploratory research based on multimedia methods, which includes: documentary analysis, technical visits, interviews, surveys, academic exercise and documentation by images. Although the study is not conclusive, the results indicate significant differences between the point of view of the RCS��s designers and its users (architects and architecture students) since the users demonstrated to have some difficulty to access the features provided for the first group, in particular the students. It is also demonstrated that the use of RCSs seems to change the appreciation / hierarchization of the conditions of project design, since, unlike what happens in traditional architectural design, the designers who use them seem to be more concerned with constructive issues, especially the structural elements (support and covering), instead of functionality, aesthetics and even physical characteristics of the site

Perman��ncias e perspectivas no ensino de projeto de arquitetura no Brasil: uma an��lise a partir da produ����o cient��fica dos Semin��rios UFRGS (1985) e Projetar (2003-2011)

O objeto de estudo desta tese �� o ensino de projeto de arquitetura no contexto acad��mico brasileiro. O trabalho procura analisar esse objeto nos aspectos relativos ao ensinar a fazer e ao aprender a fazer , por meio de uma perspectiva epistemol��gica e cognitiva, a partir da produ����o cient��fica dos Semin��rios UFRGS (1985) e Projetar (2003-2011) sob o olhar de tr��s estados constitutivos: conserva����o, perman��ncia e transforma����o. A metodologia de investiga����o �� qualitativa e seus pressupostos s��o investigad os por meio do m��todo hipot��tico-dedutivo em busca de um conhecimento aproximativo. Dentro do universo pesquisado, as hip��teses conduzem: primeiro, �� investiga����o e caracteriza����o de estruturas que se conservam; segundo, �� investiga����o e levantamento de valores e conceitos que permanecem adequados por sua capacidade de adapta����o ��s mudan��as e paradigmas; e, terceiro, por procurarem destacar pr��ticas pedag��gicas que indicam novos caminhos na maneira de agir e de se pensar o ensino de projeto de arquitetura. A pesquisa demonstrou que, embora em menores propor����es, ainda se conservam a����es e posturas pedag��gicas que: valorizam os ideais funcionalistas e racionalistas da arquitetura; adotam posturas deterministas, caminhos prescritivos ou intuitivos no ensino da concep����o arquitetural; n��o apresentam clareza metodol��gica na abordagem da problem��tica arquitet��nica; os contextos urbanos s��o pouco explorados na experimenta����o; utilizam um sistema de concep����o baseado em princ��pios est��ticos can��nicos e universais, sem problematizar as causas da transforma����o da arquitetura contempor��nea e qual o seu papel numa sociedade complexa e diversificada. Com rela����o ��s novas perspectivas encontradas, a an��lise da produ����o cient��fica demonstrou que a pr��tica pedag��gica do ensino de projeto de arquitetura no Brasil passa por transforma����es cr��ticas valiosas. Essa constata����o foi percebida, por meio, tamb��m, de reflex��es e de pr��ticas pedag��gicas que valorizam a integra����o de conte��dos; que possuem um discurso cr��tico e conciliador com rela����o �� necessidade de renova����o de pr��ticas, paradigmas, meios e conte��dos; que est��o abertas ��s posturas cooperativas e ��s estrat��gias para a constitui����o de um corpo te��rico-pr��tico para o ensino do projeto que n��o se limite ao campo da arquitetura; que reconhecem a import��ncia das novas tecnologias computacionais na concep����o projetual e no ensino do projeto, assim como, as tecnologias e estrat��gias que atualizam as solu����es projetuais no uso adequado dos recursos ambientais; que consideram o espa��o acad��mico como um lugar prop��cio para as experi��ncias projetuais e pedag��gicas; que manifestam um esfor��o em considerar a participa����o do usu��rio, assim como em realizar um processo de apreens��o de contextos complexos como objeto de estudo, adotando uma postura de valoriza����o do processo projetual. O trabalho conclui que a educa����o do arquiteto deve estar atenta aos aspectos relativos �� inclus��o da realidade sociocultural e ambiental como refer��ncia para o fazer arquitetural em detrimento da primazia dada �� racionalidade t��cnica, uma vez que essa realidade permite a media����o, entre o ser e o mundo , como uma estrat��gia que supera qualquer antecipa����o program��tica e viabiliza a transforma����o e a constru����o do pr��prio ser e do mundo . Assim, se o aprender fazendo �� necess��rio para a forma����o do arquiteto, que esse fazer seja refletido e retroalimente a pr��tica

Sobre projetos, palavras e imagens: relacionando textos e desenhos nos trabalhos finais de gradua����o em arquitetura e urbanismo

This research continues the current debate about the role of the images and the words in the architectural design persuasion, where we emphasize the increasing valuation of written documents (FORTY, 2004; MARKUS; CAMERON, 2002), the seduction for the graphical representation (DURAND, 2003) and the rhetorical effects of the graphical and textual resources (TOSTRUP, 1999). Based on these quarrels, we look for verify in the graduate final projects the relation between the design texts and images. From the PROJEDATA, database of the PROJETAR research group (UFRN), we selected the final projects of two brazilians universities, UFRN and USP, that in a first analysis, they had shown as ideal types of two distinct design presentation models, respectively: texts and drawings in separated documents, or combined in an only support. Based on Markus explanation about the function and the content of the texts, on the Durand perspective with regard to graphical representation uses and on Tostrup point of view concerning the rhetorical potential of texts and drawings, we analyze, in a set of 25 projects, how the students relate the textual and imagetical speeches. For this, we related the focus of each speech, in order to verify the possible coherence between both. We conclude that in the model of USP final project the coherence between the texts and the drawings is clearer than in the model adopted in UFRN

Cooperativa habitacional autofinanci��vel :uma alternativa de mercado �� escassez de financiamento

As an example of what happened in Brazil in the 90s, it s noticed in Natal a new system of cooperative housing production which is done by advancing the users resources selffinancing. This system comes as an alternative for the real state market performance since the end of the National Housing Bank (BNH), in 1986. Self-financed housing cooperatives play an important social role by contributing to own housing acquisition by low-income population, without, however, becoming a mechanism of social interest housing production. It is important to consider that Brazil registers a housing deficit of 6.6 million housing units (IBGE 2000/Census), which, compared to 1991, shows an increment of 21.7% to a growth rate of 2.2% a year. This deficit figure has been deepening, mainly with the end of the National Housing Bank (BNH). The self-financed cooperative housing production broadens around the Metropolitan Region of Natal (RMN) and remains as an alternative to the lack of financing in the housing / real state market. In general, the aim of this work is to analyze the role of self-financing housing cooperatives on the housing production in the RMN, in order to identify their role in the real state market, in the own housing promotion and in the housing policy. The Universe of this study is performance of four housing cooperatives - CHAF-RN, COOPHAB-RN, MULTHCOOP e CNH - that work through self-financing. It is considered here an amount of 38 undertakings launched between 1993 and 2002, including 8143 housing units. The methodology adopted consists of bibliographic, documental and field research. As a result, actions like brokerage, marketing, speculation, and the criteria to define places for undertakings and final products, show how close they are to the housing market production. As a matter of fact, this short distance explains why the self-financed cooperative production for social interest housing is still limited. This reinforces the theory that it is necessary to define and implement a subsidized housing policy to serve the low-income Brazilian population

Natureza morta...edif��cio com vida: uma arquitetura sustent��vel para o Servi��o de Verifica����o de ��bitos

Sustainability in buildings, while reducing the impact on the environment, contributes to the promotion of social welfare, to increase the health and productivity of occupants. The search for a way of build that meets the aspirations and development of humanity without, however, represent degradation of the environment, has become the great challenge of contemporary architecture. It is considered that the incorporation of principles that provide a sustainable building with careful choices of design solutions contribute to a better economic and thermal performance of the building, as well as functional and psychological comfort to its users. Based on this general understanding, this paper presents an architecture project aimed to health care whose the solutions adopted follow carefully the relevant legislation and sets his sights on the theme of sustainability. The methodology began with studies on the themes of verification service of deaths, sustainability and those application in construction developed through research in academic studies and analysis of architectural projects, using them like reference for the solutions adopted. Within the project analysis was performed a visit to the verification service of deaths in the city of Palmas in Tocantins, subsidizing information that, plus the relevant legislation, led to functional programming and pre-dimensional of the building to be designed. The result of this programming environments were individual records with information from environmental restrictions, space required for the development of activities, desirable flow and sustainability strategies, that can be considered as the first product of relevance of the professional master's degree. Finally we have outlined the basic design architecture of a Verification Service of Death SVO/RN (in portuguese), whose process of projecting defined as a guiding line of work four points: the use of bioclimatic architecture as the main feature projectual, the use of resources would provide minimal harm to the environment, the use of modulation and structure to the building as a form of rationalization and finally the search for solutions that ensure environmental and psychological comfort to users. Importantly to highlight that, besides owning a rare theme in literature that refers to architectural projects, the whole project was drawn up with foundations in projective criteria that contribute to environmental sustainability, with emphasis on thermal performance, energy efficiency and reuse of rainwater

An��lise do licenciamento ambiental como instrumento de pol��tica do meio ambiente no Rio Grande do Norte Per��odo 1992-2003

This analysis on the ambient licensing is based on a research that identifies the fragilities and advances of the application of this instrument of politics of the environment in the ambient politics of the Rio Grande do Norte, in the period of 1992 the 2003. The isolated urban area of B��zios, situated in the City of N��sia Floresta/RN, situated in the eastern coast of the State, where concentrates the boarding of the ambient question as a matter in the Brazilian process of urbanization, over all the institutionalization and implementation of the ambient licensing. They are distinguished in the used methodology in consultation to the diverse involved social segments with the ambient subject in study, the example of the managers, technician and specialists, as well as the application of the legislation and norms techniques, the forms of appropriation of the common wealth and the procedures of ambient licensing of the competent agencies. The results of the research designate that the ambient licensing while instrument of the ambient politics is one of the alternatives more efficient as techniques in the process of sustainable development, since it is beyond the prerogatives to conciliate the activities and enterprises with the conservation of the environmental resources and natural benefits to the societies. In the RN one evidenced progress in the ambient legislation and the instructions techniques, and that the imperfections and limitations in the system of ambient licensing are not directly on to the instruments, but in the implementation of mechanisms of the ambient agencies. This because they do not make use of operational structure to apply in practical and established abilities, as an ambient management, institutional joint and deliberations of the State Counselor for Environment

Ventila����o e prescri����es urban��sticas: uma aplica����o simulada no bairro de Petr��polis em Natal/RN

The present work studies the natural ventilation and its relationship with the urban standards, which establishes the form of occupation and use of the land in our cities. The method simulates the application of the urban standards of the City Master Plan over the last three years. The simulation takes place in the District of Petr��polis, in the city of Natal , Brazil and analyses the effects of the standards of natural ventilation. The formulated hypothesis states that the reductions in the urban spaces between buildings rises up the vertical profile of ventilation, reducing, therefore, the velocity of the wind at the lower levels of the buildings. To develop the study, occupation models were built, using computerized, three-dimensional models. These occupation models were analyzed using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code. The conclusion is that the more we reduce the urban space between buildings, the more we reduce the wind speed in constructed areas, increasing, therefore, the possibility to generate heat islands

O descompasso de uma experi��ncia: avalia����o do Programa Habitar Brasil na Comunidade ��frica-Natal/RN

This research deals with the evaluation of the Programa do Governo Federal para Urbaniza����o de Favelas Habitar Brasil(1993) carried out in the Africa slum - Redinha neighbourhood in Natal-Rn. This study carried out in period from 2005 to 2006 searches to identify the effects of the actions proposed by Program in 1993-1994 about the current urbanistic configuration of the Africa community. It analyzes the effectiveness in the process of achievement of the considered objectives to habitation, communitity equipments, infrastructure and agrarian regularization. On the evaluation process, it has been as reference the works developed by Adauto Cardoso (2004), Blaine Worthen (2004), Ronaldo Garcia (2001) and Ros��ngela Paz (2006). About the Habitational Policy with approach to the Urbanistic Right and the right to the housing, the reflections by Raquel Rolnik, Nabil Bonduki, Erm��nia Maricato, Saule J��nior, Bet��nia de Moraes Alfonsin and Ed��sio Fernandes are main references. To gauge the execution of the objectives proposed by Habitar Brasil in 1993, it has searched in the documentary data of the time and in information gotten in interviews with technicians that had participated of the program, consistent references on what was considered, what was executed and the process of the intervention of Habitar Brasil in the Africa community. The area analysis in 2005-2006 has developed on the base of the urbanistic survey of the current situation from the four performance lines of the Program: habitation, infrastructure, community equipments and agrarian regularization, with a current urbanistic evaluation of Africa considering the intervention carried out in 1993 and 1994. The study points out the context of Brazilian Habitational Policy where the Programa Habitar Brasil was launched, explaining the main principles of the Program. In terms of local, it empahsizes the administrative-political factors that had contributed so that Natal-Rn city has been pioneering in the resources captation of Habitar Brazil (1993). Considering Habitar Brazil in Africa, the work argues and presents the intervention diagnosis and the proposal, developed by Program in 1993 evidencing the local problem of the time. After that, it makes a current reading of the area, identifying in 2006 representative elements of Habitar Brasil (1993-1994) for the Africa community. It identifies significant advances in the constitution of the institucional apparatus of the plaining system of Habitation of Social Interest for the city of Natal and points the fragilities in the implementation of the urban infrastructure actions and above all in the achievement of the objectives of the agrarian regularization

Juizados especiais federais e o acesso �� justi��a federal no Rio Grande do Norte

This work aims to study the performance of Juizados Especiais Fedrais (JEF) in Rio Grande do Norte and its contribution to the facilitation of access to justice by ordinary citizens. Created in 2001, the JEF looks simplify and reduce the procedural steps and reduce the number of appeals referred to the courts so that justice is possible to provide a more agile. In this sense, are designed to contribute to the democratization of access to justice. In Rio Grande do Norte, the JEF was established and began operating in January 2002, serving in causes civil pension. From 2005, the Court began to receive all types of civil cases and have a virtual system of processing of cases. Among the methodological procedures used in conducting research, highlight the documentary survey in the virtual site of the Federal Justice of RN, to obtain data on the shares tried and sentenced in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007, using the quantitative research. Were also conducted interviews with federal judges, using the qualitative research method. Among the results, we conclude that the Juizado Especial Federal in Rio Grande do Norte is complying with its objective of making justice more accessible and responsive to ordinary citizens, especially the short time that an action leads to the entry in the Court to be given the sentence

Dos movimentos sociais ��s fun����es institucionais: a Consolida����o de uma gera����o pol��tica em Sergipe.

This study was presented to the Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences at UFRN as part of the requisites for obtaining the title of Master in Social Sciences. It describes the results of the research From social movements to the institutional functions: the consolidation of a generation . Its main objective is to describe the history of a political generation that emerged from the social movements, in the 80 s, in Sergipe, and that nowadays occupies the main governmental positions in the State s political scenario. As its specific objectives, the research described the emerging of social movements in the 80s in Sergipe; it found in the social movements in Sergipe, in the 80s, the beginning of the history of a new political generation, and described the consolidation of this new political generation in institutional positions as the expression of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics. Among the social movements that gained visibility in that period and that projected their leadership into the political scenario of Sergipe, this study highlights: the students movement, teacher s movement, bank clercks movement, miners movement, and rural workers movement. It utilized as methodology the research in sites, magazines, and the use of testimonies from semi-structured interviews. The main leadership of the five movements that were analyzed is, nowadays, governing the state, administering the capital s city hall, and performing legislative work at the Legislative Assembly of Sergipe, and at the Chamber of City Councilmen of Aracaju. This study described the political history of the main leadership of that generation of militants and organizers of social movements, and of left party groups in Sergipe, highlighting that their consolidation in the political scenario of the State meant the consolidation of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics.

IIRSA: outro passo na pilhagem, explora����o e (des) integra����o dos povos e territ��rios sul-americanos

La llamada Iniciativa para la Integraci��n de Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA) es un acuerdo multinacional celebrado entre los 12 pa��ses de Am��rica del Sur desde el a��o 2000, materializado a trav��s de 10 ejes de comercializaci��n orientados a la construcci��n de varios proyectos de infraestructura, que incluye la construcci��n de una enorme red de energ��a, de comunicaci��n y transporte. Estos proyectos han sido financiados principalmente por los organismos multilaterales (BID, CAF, FONPLATA) profundizando la dependencia econ��mica y pol��tica de los pa��ses involucrados, en especial mediante el aumento de la deuda externa, las empresas transnacionales garantizar��n la infraestructura necesaria para la explotaci��n m��s acentuada de nuestros recursos naturales y de la mano de obra barata, asegurando el abastecimiento de sus mercados. En este sentido, el discurso de crecimiento econ��mico regional crear�� los mecanismos necesarios para la reproducci��n ampliada del sistema capitalista, mediante la promoci��n de la liberalizaci��n de los mercados internacionales, tales como intenta los Estados Unidos a trav��s del ��rea de Libre Comercio de las Am��ricas. En realidad, es un Desarrollo Regional de los pa��ses del Norte, un plan estrat��gico de ordenamiento territorial construido por transnacionales y dictado por el imperialismo de Norteam��rica. Bajo la direcci��n del gobierno de Brasil ha sido implementado sigilosamente, para que los jefes de Estado, sin nombrarlo, ejecuten sus planes de desarrollo como parte de esta tan evidente estrategia de saqueo, entusiasmados y convencidos de que ser��n generosamente recompensados. Proclaman e inauguran proyectos de infraestructura que las empresas multinacionales y transnacionales consideran indispensables para el saqueo de los recursos naturales que a��n quedan, despu��s de cinco siglos de explotaci��n continua de Am��rica Latina. En este sentido, nuestra investigaci��n se volvi�� hacia el an��lisis de lo sector energ��tico de lo Eje Per��-Brasil-Bolivia, por considerarlo de suma importancia para el mantenimiento de la explotaci��n y consolidaci��n hegem��nica de las corporaciones multinacionales en Am��rica Latina

Tecendo os fios de rede: juventude e produ����o de si em projetos sociais.

The study is about youthful subjectivities in quarters, of the West Zone of Natal-RN, marked for lacks and contingencies that constitute the everyday life of the social existence of its young inhabitants. For this purpose the researchers selected two youth groups: the Association of Youths Constructing Dreams (in the quarter of Felipe Camar��o) and Lelo Melodia Crew (Quarter of Guarapes). Both are articulated through the strategy of coalition in regional and national nets. The hypothesis is that inside the groups and nets new youthful citizens arises. That would be a change in the representation of poor youth: from 1980 s street children - young whose social stigma associated poverty and crime to late 1990 s kids of project (pointing their trajectory in social projects) or, in present days, called as young peripherals - for the enrollment in cultural movements, as the hip hop movement - These new young citizens are contributing to new social imagery significations on poor youths. The methodology encloses: a) focal group; b) participant research analyzing the making arts (ways to think, social daily practices, actions engaged in a diversity plans) of youth groups; c) life stories of some of the youngs produced in workshops; d) not structuralized interviews. d) several documents of the groups; e) local and national surveys. Results emphasize a feeling of opening to a project of autonomy in relation to a social system that leaves them in a situation of social precariousness. Conclusion remarks that such practices of the youthful groups through the art, leisure, sport and culture unfold politics effect so that can point innovative forms of politics participation on the part of this specific segment of poor youths of Brasilian country, although conflicts and paradoxes crosses individual citizens, youth groups and youth nets.

Trajet��rias da ado����o cadastral em Fortaleza: o Estado modelando as rela����es familiares

Esta disertaci��n tiene como objetivo principal identificar las motivaciones de los adoptantes catastrales, pues la regularidad estad��stica en el universo adoptivo nacional apunta para una preferencia por las adopciones al modo brasile��o o listas. La hip��tesis principal se��ala que las caracterizaciones de los sujetos en foco, en cuanto a su pertenencia religiosa y al nivel de educaci��n formal, ejercen fuerte influencia en su opci��n por la adopci��n catastral. Apoy��ndose en la teor��a del habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, se pudo constatar que la cultura individual es lo que orienta los l��mites de la acci��n de los sujetos y, en el caso de los adoptantes catastrales, en sus diferentes habitus, se encuentra la explicaci��n para sus trayectos y tentativas adoptivas. Es importante recordar que sus habitus son unificados por el Estado. En la colecta y an��lisis de los datos, se realiz�� un trabajo cualitativo y cuantitativo fundamentado en los siguientes recursos: observaci��n directa, consultas de documentos oficiales, aplicaci��n de formularios y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Las observaciones fueron realizadas en instituciones relacionadas al proceso de las adopciones catastrales, as�� como mediante encuestas sobre los adoptantes. Se analizaron, tambi��n, documentos referentes al regimiento de esas instituciones, especialmente en cuanto a las orientaciones relativas a la pr��ctica adoptiva estudiada. Se observ�� una discrepancia entre el discurso oficial y lo que efectivamente las instituciones practican en su cotidiano. Por fin, en cuanto a las entrevistas realizadas con los adoptantes, fue verificado que ellos tienen un nivel socioecon��mico y formaci��n escolar superior a la media de la poblaci��n de la ciudad de Fortaleza, as�� como participan de alguna comunidad religiosa y son miembros de familias que representan el modelo socialmente dominante nuclear burgu��s

Reforma administrativa e gest��o de pol��ticas sociais em Mossor��: a fal��cia dos atores institucionais e sociais

The thesis entitled The administrative reform and social political management in Mossor��: the institutional and social staff's falacy. Comprehends a moment of apprehensiveness and analysis in the reestrcturing process of the city, whose process will show the formation of strategies and deployment of its relation with the social political affectiveness. It represents a single moment in the approach of such a kind of experience in the city. The analysis starts from the third mandate of the Mayor Rosalba Ciarlini Rosado, during the quadriennium 2001/2004, for being the time in which the public management got materialized, such as in the operational way of the social politics. For that, we delimitate this study in two distinct moments: the first one refers to the reform elaboration from the creation of the additional law n�� 001/2000 GP/PMM: the second one refers to a practical reform from the social and institutional staff's speech. Within that scenary it was seen that the approaching, though partially, the State Reform and, consequently, the master plan of the state apparatus, which were made of theoretical matrices of such a project locally. However, that is a complex experience, that required the use of field and documental research for the proposed investigation and at the same time, prove the guiding hypothesis of it, what means a grouping of areas like: education, healthy, and social development in only one department City Citizenship Department that is able to materialize a new intitutional arrangement, according to the management principles in the public administration at the govern local level, configuring a reform and not just an institutional adequacy. In that context, it got necessary to apprehending the institutional and social actors' falacy as a way to prove or not the presented hypothesis. Among the first staff, we have the mayor's direct leaders and advisors' perception that express the politcal administrative aspects of the reform and, in the second, the perception of the political view of what has changed concerning the management of the social politics