78 resultados para Ensino de literatura
Resumo:
The objective of this research is to present a reading of the novel Macau (1934), authoring of Aurélio Pinheiro, situated in the context of Brazilian literature produced in the 30s of the last century and analyze the settings of language that reveal individual and social conflicts related to tensions arising of the modernization of a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte, in view of the applicability of this knowledge in the educational context. The discussions on the teaching of literature led to an internship experience in the higher education, with the guiding literary reading of the novel Macau. In this sense, this research, bibliographic, analytical and empirical, is in discussions between literature and education that allow us, in addition to a critical reading about Macau romance, a look both in basic education and in teacher training, which justifies linking this thesis in the research line “Reading of the literary text and teaching”. The objectives were met from literary readings of the text, brief study of the author, analysis of the tensions expressed by language, literature defense as a universal right, panoramic review of research on the teaching of literature, reading official documents governing the Brazilian education, discussion of teacher training, training in higher education with application of a didactic sequence, receipt of that novel by teachers in training directed to the applicability in basic education. For this, the research was the theoretical framework primarily the studies of Antonio Candido (1976; 1995), Luís Bueno (2006), Walter Benjamin (1985), Mikhail Bakhtin (2010), Hans Robert Jauss (1994), Theodor Adorno (2006), Antoine Compagnon (2009), and Rildo Cosson (2009).
Resumo:
On analyse une expérience de l enseignement de philosophie dans l enseignement secondaire par la littérature. La scène d intervention a été l Institut Fédéral d Éducation, Science et Technologie du Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), dans l année 2008. L étude à caractère qualitatif a adopté un modèle de recherche participant, dans laquelle le chercheur a intervenu dans son propre contexte de classe. On a utilisé l investigation d un ouvrage existentialiste de Jean-Paul Sartre, le roman La Nausée, comme contribution méthodologique pour l enseignement de philosophie. On a adopté le recours de la littérature avec contenu philosophique à partir de la proposition apportée para les Paramètres Curriculaires Nationaux pour l Enseignement Secondaire (PCNEM) : celle qu on ne doit ni avoir la prétention de former de philosophes professionnels ni banaliser la philosophie auprès des élèves. En partant du principe que l existentialisme a été un courant philosophique qui a utilisé la littérature entant qu expression d idées philosophiques, on a envisagé le potentiel pédagogique du voisinage communicant entre la philosophie et la littérature que lie l expérience littéraire avec les textes qui montrent aussi la discussion philosophique. L idée force a été celle de traiter concepts philosophiques a partir de la littérature comme invitation à la réflexion, en analysant l élément ludique dans la littérature comme jeu de la pensée. La pensée considérée comme action ludique arriverait parmi l idéal d en chercher de meilleures manières à comprendre la réalité en étant cet idéal esthétique assumé dans l effort d imprimer sens au chaos des expériences. Les situations pédagogiques en classe comptent fréquemment avec moment de dialogue a propos des problèmes existentiels affrontés par le protagoniste du roman, Antoine Roquentin, considérés comme questions philosophiques et débattues par l investigation dialogique tout suite après la lecture des parties du livre. Dans ce sens, on a cherché à suivre les marches de la méthode socratique dans lequel questionner e questionner à soi même soient les moles propulseurs de la réflexion philosophique. L investigation dialogique a été étendue pendant cinq rencontres de quatre-vingt-dix minutes interprétés par une analyse discursive qui a essayé d établir des rapports entre le discours de l enseignant et des élèves avec le discours de la tradition philosophique. Cette recherche a aussi envisagé à produire une réflexion sur la pratique de l auteur lui-même de l étude. Celui-ci peut-être soit l objectif le plus largement atteint : prendre conscience de l importance de la formation d un enseignant réflexif qui associe dans sa praxis le savoir faire avec la critique honnête de sa propre capacité professionnel
Resumo:
O estudo investiga as contribuições da literatura para a inclusão social na escola, explorando o potencial inclusivo do texto literário. Sua relevância consiste em fornecer ao professor subsídios para ampliar suas competências no ensino de literatura a partir do (re)conhecimento da função inclusiva do texto literário e da construção de uma comunidade de leitores que atenda à diversidade de interesses, necessidades e sentimentos dos aprendizes. Entende-se que a literatura é inclusiva em sua natureza pois, inclui o leitor no texto e permite práticas socializadoras de leitura. O estudo alinha-se à vertente qualitativa caracterizando-se como pesquisa-ação participante. Adotaram-se como procedimentos metodológicos a observação participante e a intervenção pedagógica. O estudo realizou-se em uma turma de 4º ano do ensino fundamental com 43 alunos, de faixa etária entre 8 e 13 anos, matriculados na Casa do Menor Trabalhador CMT, escola pública do município de Natal-RN (Brasil). Os instrumentos utilizados foram: gravação em áudio; diário de campo; entrevistas. Na intervenção pedagógica, realizaram-se 20 aulas de leitura de literatura de contos, fábulas, poemas e adivinhas com diferentes estratégias didáticas. As sessões de leitura foram desenvolvidas conforme os moldes da andaimagem (scaffolding) descritos por Graves e Graves (1995). Tomou-se como referencial teórico os estudos de Aiscow, Porter e Wang (1997), Amarilha (1997; 2006), Aquino (1998), Eco (2003), Caldin (2004; 2003), Cazden (1991), Chartier (1994), Culler (1999), Iser (1996), Manguel (1997), Paulino (2001), Perrenoud (2001), Petit (2008), Sartre (2006), Stainback e Stainback (1999), Stierle (1979) e Zilberman (2005). A análise aponta a relevância do diálogo entre literatura e inclusão social para democratizar a leitura literária e tornar o ambiente escolar mais inclusivo. Confirma a natureza inclusiva do texto literário, no modo como promove a entrada cooperativa do leitor no texto literário em prática socializadora de aprendizado, de compartilhamento de sentimentos, sensações, subjetividades e de acolhimento das diferenças. O estudo revela e consolida a leitura de literatura como uma atividade intelectual significativa, prazerosa e democrática, na qual o leitor, ao colaborar com a construção de sentidos e ao estabelecer relações interativas, passa por transformações que favorecem a inclusão. Ressalta-se a importância do mediador de leitura na seleção de estratégias que viabilizem a democratização da literatura e pela literatura, no pequeno universo da sala de aula, que atendam às necessidades dos educandos, desenvolvendo habilidades leitoras, incentivando o gosto pelo texto literário que educa e convida à inclusão
Resumo:
Esta investigación está incluida en las discusiones sobre las relaciones entre literatura y enseñanza, recortando el lugar de las escritas poéticas en las clases de Lengua Portuguesa en la Enseñanza Media. En términos epistemológicos, nuestra reflexión problematiza, entre otras cuestiones, el desplazamiento que ocurre cuando las manifestaciones literarias se apartan de sus soportes originales y se adentran a las escenas de la clase de lengua materna, transformándose en objeto de enseñanza y contenido didáctico. En el ámbito de las prácticas escolarizadas de la lectura literaria en la Enseñanza Media, nuestra reflexión tiene como objeto la didactización del género textual poema. En esa etapa de la enseñanza, el poema como componente curricular aún no está definido. Eso es ocasionado, de modo general, por dos razones: por la naturaleza específica del género y por los procedimientos didácticopedagógicos utilizados cuando se hace la lectura del poema en clase. En relación al modelo consagrado de la enseñanza de literatura en la Enseñanza Media, apoyado en la descripción de la historia de la literatura brasileña a través de esquemas cronológicos de movimientos estético-culturales, pretendemos hacer un desplazamiento en lo que respecta a ese abordaje y situar el letramiento literario a partir de las formas líricas recurrentes en la producción literaria en Brasil, en la perspectiva de la enseñanza de la lengua mediada por el estudio del texto. Para tanto, utilizaremos como aporte teórico las siguientes áreas del conocimiento: la teoría literaria, la lingüística aplicada y la pedagogía de la enseñanza de lengua materna
Resumo:
This study investigates the contributions of reading literature for the development of creative thinking in childhood. Its relevance consists in exploring practices that contemplate the creative thinking development in apprentices at school space and understanding the literature like a significant way to promote the creative thinking. The study is connected to the qualitaty strand. The exploratory observation and the intervention were adopted as research techniques. The field diary and the audio and video recording of the reading sections were adopted as methodological instruments. The research was conducted in the application s college from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in a 1th grade class, with 18 students between 6 and 7 years old. During the intervention, 8 readind class happened, with varied strategies and literary genres. The reading sessions were conducted through the principles of scaffolding, defended by Graves and Graves (1995). The corpus is made of speaks episodes, whose encoding semantics allowed the grouping into two central categories: divergent thinking and coauthoring of literary reader. It was taken as a theoretical framework the studies of Amarilha (2011; 2006; 2001; 1991; 1993; 1994), Alencar (2001), Coelho (2000; 1997), Culler (1999), De Masi (2005), Gallo (2000), Guilford (1977), Iser (1996), Jouve (2002), Kneller (1978), Martínez (1997), Smith (2003), Stierle (1979), Vigotski (2009; 1998), Wechsler; Nakano (2003; 2002). The analysis points to the formation of creative individuals in the classroom, through the reading of literature. Reposition the literary education front of the new social demands. Resizes the function of school in children s development, considering the children s skill in exploring, testing hypotheses and making use of their creative thinking, in climate of freedom mental. It signals, in this way, the teacher like a mediator, promoting a favorable to the development of creative thinking environment, a stimulating atmosphere, which enhances the expression of creative thinking in community
Resumo:
Specific educational material production for a group of level IV – 8th and 9th years of Youth and Adults Education, having as starting point the reading of a series of letter of correspondence between Câmara Cascudo and Mário de Andrade in the 1920s, and the verification of the way the dialog between the two authors reveals elements that transpire themselves in the tale entitled “Piá não sofre? Sofre”, from the book Os contos de Belazarte, de Mário de Andrade. The educational material production was preceded by the analysis of the selected tale, which will be studied along with some of the letters, in an analysis of the textual, discursive and semantic features of the text in representation of these both genres: letter and tale. The selected tale was written between 1923 and 1926, dates close to the years when the author came by Rio Grande do Norte state, in the years from 1927 to 1929, accompanied by Câmara Cascudo, being also this period that there are records of letters in the set of correspondence between them. To the reading of the selected material, it was used theoretical references from literature and literary historiography, especially the history of Brazilian modernist movement. To the production of the educational material, it was chosen as theoretical reference the accumulated knowledge in the area of literature teaching, literacy and the recommendations of the Brazilian National Curriculum Parameters. The methodology in this study was constructed from the theoretical references and had as basic support the study of didactic sequences from which a specific thematic unit got its shape from, required by the analyzed material and tested in a classroom.
Resumo:
Specific educational material production for a group of level IV – 8th and 9th years of Youth and Adults Education, having as starting point the reading of a series of letter of correspondence between Câmara Cascudo and Mário de Andrade in the 1920s, and the verification of the way the dialog between the two authors reveals elements that transpire themselves in the tale entitled “Piá não sofre? Sofre”, from the book Os contos de Belazarte, de Mário de Andrade. The educational material production was preceded by the analysis of the selected tale, which will be studied along with some of the letters, in an analysis of the textual, discursive and semantic features of the text in representation of these both genres: letter and tale. The selected tale was written between 1923 and 1926, dates close to the years when the author came by Rio Grande do Norte state, in the years from 1927 to 1929, accompanied by Câmara Cascudo, being also this period that there are records of letters in the set of correspondence between them. To the reading of the selected material, it was used theoretical references from literature and literary historiography, especially the history of Brazilian modernist movement. To the production of the educational material, it was chosen as theoretical reference the accumulated knowledge in the area of literature teaching, literacy and the recommendations of the Brazilian National Curriculum Parameters. The methodology in this study was constructed from the theoretical references and had as basic support the study of didactic sequences from which a specific thematic unit got its shape from, required by the analyzed material and tested in a classroom.
Resumo:
The present thesis studies the appropriate education of the literary gender based in an approach of trans-disciplinary teaching. The main objectives will be to survey the degree of trans-disciplinarity of the literary reading in classrooms and to propose the literary reading as an alternative of trans-disciplinary teaching. The theoretical contributions, which sustain the lines of central argument of this thesis, are related to the critical theories on the epistemological and methodological crisis in the speech of the modernity; the emergency of an emerging paradigm under the optics of the speech of the post-modernity; the theories concerned to curriculums and their interrelations with the school teaching; the theories of the complexity and of the inter and trans-disciplinarity; theories of the reading and of the literature, more precisely the literary semiology and the aesthetics of the acceptance; theories about the pedagogic mediation starting from presupposed and trans-disciplinary principles. The methodological foundations, of the type inter and trans-disciplinary, which anchor the approach of the study is related to a line of qualitative analyses applied the teaching-learning situation accomplished during the data collection during the empiric stage of the research. The analyzed corpus is composed of episodes originated from the classes with literary texts accomplished in the months of June and December of 2005, under the orientation of a complex and trans-disciplinary didacticism. The involved subjects are students in the age group of 9 and 13 years of age from a public school in the county of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, in the State of Pernambuco. Starting from the discoveries found during the research, so much bibliographical, as that of the field, it is possible to conclude, among other things, that the literary reading, when mediated accordingly in the classroom, is a trans-disciplinary object of high degree, because the literary reading can allow and make it possible to the real reader, through a necessary process of speculation on life and its unfolding, solid reflection around the individual and collective occurrences so much in simpler instances as in more complex ones
Resumo:
Advocating education as a humanizing task, the humanizing function of literature and the importance of scientific education, this paper proposes linking Science and Literature in Science Teaching using two specific books of Monteiro Lobato in the final series of elementary school level. Adopting the action research methodology, an interdisciplinary approach, we used the books A Reforma da Natureza and Serões de Dona Benta in two classes (8th and 9th) at Escola Estadual Professor José Mamede, located in the town of Tibau do Sul, Rio Grande do Norte. The readings were performed in Portuguese Language s course and the scientific content were discussed in Science´s classrooms. The book A Reforma da Natureza permitted to approach issues related to the environment, while the use of Serões de Dona Benta showed particularly its effectiveness in questioning the concepts of matter, mass, weight and some questions about the Nature of Science (NOS). In general, the analysis of results shows that the readings of these two books permitted interaction and dialogicity in the classroom, as well as indicates the potential of these books in contextualing and questioning the scientific content contained in it. We advise, however, the need for the science teacher be aware of the conceptual mistakes present in literary works, avoiding erroneous learning and reinforcement of alternative conceptions
Resumo:
El estudio investiga los saberes literários del profesores del Enseño Fundamental de las series iniciales sobre la literatura. Cuando se piensa en la influencia del profesor como aquel que tiene papel decisivo en la enseñanza de la lectura y reconocimiento de la función y formación del mediador profesional, buscamos compreender que conocimiento tiene sobre la literatura. Optamos por los profesores que trabajan en los años iniciales del Enseño Fundamental basadas en el entendimiento de la educación básica, es de suma importância en la formación del lector literário. El estudio se caracteriza por ser un enfoque cualitativo. Adoptamos como procedimientos metodológicos, la entrevista semiestructurada, elaborada com preguntas abiertas que se centran en eventos de lectura de las practicas em família, en la escuela, en la educación superiory en el ejercicio de enseãnza grabadas en audio, además de elevar um diário de campo. La investigación lleva a cabo en cuatro escuelas de la ciudad de Natal – Rn, con dicinueve profesores que trabajan con alumnos de 1º a 5º año del Enseñanza Fundamental. El corpus de la entrevista constituye el análisis de los profesores y es analizado tomando como referencia los princípios de análisis de contenido, especificado por Laurence Bardin (1997). Se tomó como referencial sobre la lectura, la literatura y práctica pedagógica los estudios teóricos de Amarilha (1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013); Cosson (2011); Lajolo (2006); Larrossa (1996, 2003); Morin (2010); Yunes (2003, 2010). Sobre la teoría literaria, Candido (2002, 2012); Zilberman (1993); Culler (1999). Acerca de la estética recepción, Eco (1994); Iser (1996); Jauss (2002). Sobre los saberes docentes, Nóvoa (1992, 1997, 2002); Perrenoud (1999, 2002), Tardif (1991, 2000, 2002, 2005). Sobre los saberes literários, Paulino (2004, 2007), dentre outros. El análisis señala que los profesores dominan vários conocimientos sobre la literatura que son transportados a la formación a través del diálogo con otras lecturas, con otros espacios interactivos, en convivência con otros lectores. Cabe destacar el saber que la literatura es humanizar el fator, por lo tanto, la necesidad de escolarizá que a través de las prácticas literárias que involucran estudiantes, professores y comunidad escola. El studio también revela que en la escuela recital literário es necesario para la enseñanza de valores, para enseñar a leer, para inculcar el amor por la lectura. En este contexto, destacamos la importancia de la mediación del profesor como formador de lectores que domina los conocimientos necesarios para satisfacer las necesidades de los estudiantes, desarrollando los letctores conocimientos para fomentar el gusto por el texto literário
Resumo:
OLIVEIRA,Jonas Sâmi Albuquerque de; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz; MENEZES, Rejane Maria Paiva de MEDEIROS, Soraya Maria de. O estágio extracurricular remunerado no cuidar da enfermagem nos hospitais de ensino. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, Porto Alegre(RS),v.30,n.2, p.311-8,jun.2009.
Resumo:
This study is about the institutional self-evaluation in Dimension 4, "Communication with Society", from the National System of Higher Education Evaluation SINAES, mandatory for all universities in Brazil. A multiple cases study was conducted with three institutions from Rio Grande do Norte, and the goal was to know how this evaluation is made, describing the concept for the evaluation of communication proposed by them, identifying controllers or emancipator aspects, categorizing methodological procedures and discussing the difficulties reported in the communication evaluation process. Coordinators of the institutions Evaluating Committees were interviewed and data categorized by means of qualitative content analysis. It was noted characteristics of the current controller, emancipator and hybrid designs in the three institutions for evaluation of communication, revealing the lack of a theoretical corpus that transits in accordance with the systemic perspective and epistemology of complexity from SINAES. It was found that the most frequently reported difficulties in the evaluation processes of communication are in the preparation stage, especially in the definition of indicators and tools and awareness work. The weakness in planning makes their own activities in the sector of communication become targets of assessment, forming goals poorly related with broader organizational goals. It was also concluded that the technical evaluation cannot override the issues associated with the broader issue of the complexity surrounding the assessment paradigm proposed by SINAES because contradictions and imperfections are part of the evaluation process and several references are current in the literature to support this view. Finally, it is said that objectives such as transparency and behavioral changes can rely on methodologies and techniques for research on the question of the construction of meaning
Resumo:
Ce travail etude le protagonisme juvénile en école de enseignement sécondaire publique, avec emphase a l enseignement nocturne. Considere las médiations que determinent le paradigme du protagonisme juvénile defendu pour théoriciens pos modernes et documents de reforme de enseignement sécondaire brésilien. Montre que les explications sur le protagonisme juvénile font part d une conception de pouvoir juvenile, proposé pour organismes multilatérales avec la volonté de mobiliser les jeunes pauvres pour faire actions du combat a pauvreté dans les nations sur le point de développement, conjoncture auquel sont proposées théories et pratiques que viabilizent la subsistance des jeunes pauvres en situation de risque. Discute la question de pouvoir juvenile et indique que la proposition de le protagonisme juvénile via pouvoir ont une espace favorable dans le sphère du enseignement sécondaire, niveau de la plupart de jeunes. Montre que la défense de pouvoir juvenile occulte chances de actions étudiants collectifs que permetent une intervention sociopolitique au élève de enseignement sécondaire, qui ont selement une function de homologation. Propose une recherche de possibilités de incentifs a le protagonisme juvénile collectif ou protagonisme étudiant collectif, auquel le étudiant presente suggestions pour le planification et éxecution de activités didactique pédagogiques dans l`école publique de enseignement sécondaire. Defend que la gestion démocratique, avec emphase en procès participatif, c est la principal déterminacion pour le protagonisme étudiant collectif. Méthodiquement , considere las dimensions suivantes pour le protagonisme juvénile: a) configuration de protagonisme juvénile b) protagonisme juvénile dans perspective légal/institutionel ; c) enseignement sécondaire et protagonisme juvénile ; d) possibilité de construction de protagonisme étudiant collectif dans enseignement sécondaire nocturne en Rio Grande do Norte, état choisi pour recherche. Sistematize une technique de revision de litérature sur le thème et informations d une consultation de documents, au-delà de donné constants de Banc de donées de la recherche Le Enseignement Sécondaire Publique Nocturne :registre et analyse de expérience dans l état de Rio Grande do Norte. Conclusion : il faut contribuer pour débats sur la participation politique de les jeunes dans le enseignement sécondaire nocturne, en presentant possibilités reéles de protagonisme étudiant collectif ; opinions presentées pour élèves sont très importantes a une direction d un rôle académique fait pour institutions scolaires dans ce moment , parce que des étudiants sont correspondants a interlocuteurs privilégiés ; le élève peut et deut être consulté depuis le moment de élaboration jusqu a réalisation de activités scolaires ; bien que il y a des entraves et difficultés immanents au enseignement sécondaire publique nocturne, se forment noveaux espaces de démocratisation de idées
Resumo:
La poésie occupe, à l école, une place réduite et, la plupart du temps, est reléguée à des dates commémoratives ou, quand utilisée, sert de pretexte à l étude de la grammaire et du vocabulaire. Cette thèse a comme objectif de réfléchir sur l importance de l enseignement de La littérature, et plus spécialement, celui de la poésie dans l enseignement secondaire. A comme principal objectif de montrer la place de la poésie dans l'enseignement secondairepour la formation socio-linguistique, cognitive et affective dês élèves. De plus, tente de démystifier l' idée qu'il est impossible de lire de La littérature et, en particuler, de la poésie, avec des adolescents.Il s agit de proposer des projets afin de travailler de manière adéquate la lecture de poésies en salle de classe par le biais de stratégies productives de lectures littéraires comme celles qui promeuvent la rencontre entre le lecteur et le texte. Pour cela, nous avons réalisé une expérience dans une école publique de l état Du Rio Grande do Norte, dans la commune de Natal, avec des élèves adolescents âgés de 14 à 18 ans. L' expérience a consisté en douze cours de lecture de poésies. Nous avons utilisé, comme instruments de collectes de données, des entrevues, des cahiers de classe et des questionnaires. Les références théoriques adoptées consistent en une bibliographie qui fait référence aux études d esthétique de La réception et de la coopération interprétative comme l ont formulées Jauss (1979), Iser (1996) et Eco (2002); la conception de lecteur et le processus de lecture selon Smith (1989); le socio-interactionnisme de Vigotski (1999; 2000); la médiation (lecture par degré ou scaffolding), de Graves et Graves (1995); la psychologie de l adolescence de Becker (1999), Carvajal (2001) e Gutierra(2003). Les résultats montrent l importance de la présence du médiateur dans La formation du lecteur, sachant qu en plus de contribuer et de potentialiser l intéraction entre le texte et le lecteur, l adhésion des élèves est améliorée. L expérience de vivre la poésie en salle de classe avec dês adolescents sujets de cette recherche, a prouvé qu il est possible, dans l enseignement secondaire, et malgré les difficultés, de réaliser um travail avec la poésie
Resumo:
The present study has as goal to analyze the aplicability of the computational technology as mediator in the english-speaking teaching in the Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte-CEFET/RN. The object of study was centered in the use of the computer incorporated in the teaching of English by four institution groups. The research was ruled metodologically in the study of case, adopting a qualitative and quantitative boarding of interpretative-reflexive mark. We support ourselves on a bibliographical literature revision that cares of the use of the computational technology matter into the class-room, aiming an education new practice, regarding the current reality conceptions in what we live in the technological education. We also use a referencial for a pedagogical action, trying to offer subsidies for a practice that provides the knowledges generation through the interaction, aiming a subject reflexive and critical education. For materialization of this study, we used esrutuctured action, as interviews for the teachers and students, besides the observations of the dayly in class-room, in order to get the necessary datas for analysis. During this study, we oserved that the use of the computer, while pedagogical support instrument in the english-speaking teaching, has acted like mediator of the teaching-learning process. The results demonstrate use of the computer use has been each more a practice adopted by other institution languages teachers. The conclusions confirm the hypothesis showed at the beginning of the work and evidence that the teachers are warden of forming thinking, reflexive and critical subjects. For that, they need to be prepared to face situations in which they can take the pedagogical practice to tune with the technological advances, consequently providing an effective technological education