Inovação e criatividade nas pequenas e médias empresas

The importance of small and medium enterprises for the economy of a country is fundamental because they have several strategic social and economic roles. Besides contributing to the production of national wealth, they also counterbalance the vulnerabilities of large companies providing the necessary economic balance. Socially their contribution is directly related to the lessening of unemployment, functioning also as source of stability in the community, as a means of reducing inequalities in the distribution of income among regions and economic groups, and contributes, decisively, to limit migration to urbans area. The capacity to innovate is now a key component for the survival and development of small organizations. The future today is increasingly less predictable using past parameters and the business world is more turbulent. The objective of this is to point out the need to revise the models which serve as examples for their adoption of competitive alternatives of development and to offer theoretical-practical knowledge to make possible the implementation of the innovative culture in small enterprises. It emphasizes, moreover, that in the present context, flexibility and skills to work in ambiguous situations and to find creative solutions become central concerns of businessmen and managers.

Perspectivas de incremento econômico alavancado pelo turismo de Bento Gonçalves - RS

É indiscutível, nos dias atuais, que o turismo deva ser encarado como importante motor de desenvolvimento com base local, contemplando as potencialidades endógenas, já que produz mutações no ambiente fisico e social onde se instala .. O município de Bento Gonçalves - RS, abarca inúmeros fatores que podem ser considerados potencialmente atrativos turísticos, como clima, relevo, gastronomia, cultura, eventos, produção agrícola e industrial, etc. Com base nestes fatores, a presente dissertação - que surgiu da detecção de que o mercado do turismo está em franco crescimento em todo mundo e da possibilidade de encontrar uma forma de impulsionar cada vez mais a economia do município - terá como meta estudar cientificamente o fenômeno turístico (prioritariamente receptivo) desta cidade, tendo em vista detectar ações e atividades que ensejem incremento e que possam contribuir para alavancar economicamente a economia local. Embora a palavra "turismo" tenha surgido no século XIX, algumas de suas formas já existiam desde as mais antigas civilizações e a sua participação, até recentemente, estava restrita a uma elite que dispunha de tempo e dinheiro para realizar suas viagens. Atualmente, porém, a maioria das pessoas dos países desenvolvidos, e um número significativo daquelas dos países subdesenvolvidos, têm realizado viagens turísticas uma ou mais vezes por ano, de modo que o turismo já não é uma prerrogativa de alguns cidadãos privilegiados; sua existência é aceita e constitui parte integrante do estilo de vida para um número crescente de pessoas em todo mundo. Por isso, o planejamento é fundamental e indispensável para o desenvolvimento turístico equilibrado e em harmonia com os recursos fisicos, culturais e sociais das regiões receptoras. Num ramo de negócios como o do turismo, sujeito a rápidas mudanças no comportamento da demanda, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como instrumento valioso que permite posteriores previsões e projeções de tendências sobre a evolução futura do setor. Com base nos dados levantados (que deverão espelhar a maior aproximação possível da realidade), a presente dissertação, intitulada Perspectivas de Incremento Econômico Alavancado Pelo Turúmo no Município de Bento Gonçalves - RS, pretende dimensionar equipamentos e serviços que serão necessários para atender as expectarivas da clientela turística que visitar o município de Bento Gonçalves - RS, nos próximos anos. Por último, as informações obtidas neste trabalho auxiliarão nas escolhas de estratégias que poderão ser utilizadas pelas organizações públicas e privadas, que disputarão os cliente-turistas no mercado.

As Mudanças Organizacionais e seus Gestores nas Empresas na Era da Informação

In the past, the changes made in organizations were from decisions made by senior administrators and were implemented through authority and power. This sort of change doesn¿t work today because at a time when knowledge is one of the main tools for development, senior administrators need the participation of employees who directly handle strategic information for the company, having the necessary data for the conception, planning and execution of changes. Companies have begun to realize that the use of their own competent staff is the way to implement faster and more efficient strategic maneuvers. Which means, for a successful change, the whole process has to involve their employees. They have to develop efficient methods, such as, techniques for analysis, problem solution, team work, system modeling, change in attitudes and behavior, and management of the organizations culture. These methods define the professional profile of those responsible for the change. Today, each administrator must have the necessary qualifications, knowledge, and competence to identify the need for an organizational change and its introduction. In truth, each administrator is responsible for the structural change in his area and the standardization of his services.

Diagnóstico das micro e pequenas empresas da cadeia produtiva moveleira da serra gaúcha : importância para o desenvolvimento setorial

The increasing of afluence demands the companies to be competitive and have a deep knowledge about the area wich they are participating. Through the search of management and produtive information, and the analisys of internal and external information, the company could identify strong and weak points , threats and oportunities, alowing the obtaince of competitive advantages. This research shows the result of a close search study about the usage of strategic planning and management technics, setting in evidence the necessity of micro and small furniture companies and furniture supply chain, represented in this case by sub-contract companies. Still looking to accentuate the importance that this study will represent to the setorial development, specially to the furniture companies wich have a big importance due to the report of small utilization of management technics in the sub-contract companies. Through analisys, it was possible to find out some common caracteristics in all 171 conmpanies evaluated, wich are showing likely 'sinalization', such as: - lower level os scholarship (96,5% elementary school, 3% until high school, 0,5% university/college graduration); - external market from Brazilian MPE¿s (5% export products to Mercosul and just 1% export products to Latin America, absenting exportations to other markets); - carefree with modern technics of management, certificates ISO 9000, 14000, MRP, CQT, among others; - carefree with strategic planning; - lower utilization of operacionl procedures, rules and function description; - ignoring the participating of market; - lower utilization of human resources index as a management form; - Small utilization of costs tabs (31%), with a small informatization level (8%) and apllying with non-management form; - low utilization of quality statistics (4%), re-working index (9%), among others. In syntesis, the basis expose that the great marjority of companies don¿t have knowledge about planning and the modern technics of management.

O conhecimento científico do poder como pré-requisito para o exercício da função gerencial nas organizações privadas

Nowadays, management of Intellectual Capital seems to be one of the most efficacious alternatives so that companies may permanently develop competitive differentials to enable their survival in a market that confers paradigma status to globalization. Managers are searching for solutions aiming to attract and maintain in their boards professionals that might be able to develop these competitive differentials and assure to their companies the expected results and the business growth. In this environment, the manager¿s functions appears as a strategic function towards the organization¿s routine and yet suggests an evaluation about the professionals performance concerning challenges (efforts) that market requires. The amount of scientific knowledge which these professionals detain about power should be measured as well as the thought that this can improve their performance regarding their capacity to convince (induce) people. This research concerns those that look for empirical evidences and scientific arguments to confirm the supposition that power knowledge may in fact provide a superior performance of those professionals that are in charge of management functions. The reason and results here presented allow to: reevaluate managers duties in private organizations, improve executive training programs so as to be more productive and appropriated, change the selection methods used to recognize such executives and finally suggest a reevaluation about the real adequation of graduation and master degree courses in regards to professionals graduation which are capable to ingress in business market and take over leadership positions.

Do treinamento à educação corporativa: uma trajetória do processo de aprendizagem organizacional no Banco do Brasil S.A.

O presente trabalho analisa a Trajetória do Processo de Aprendizagem Organizacional no Banco do Brasil, desde o treinamento tradicional até a aplicação do modelo de Universidade Corporativa. Neste contexto, pretendese verificar se os impactos das mudanças causaram rupturas com as práticas do treinamento e proporcionar um referencial de análise voltado à gestão do conhecimento, enquanto estratégia de vantagem competitiva.

UUm Modelo Exploratório, Baseado nas Comunidades Linux, para Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia da Informação no Brasil

presente trabalho objetiva construir um Modelo Exploratório de desenvolvimento de tecnologia da informação, aplicável no Brasil, tendo como referência as formas de organização do trabalho e da produção das comunidades Linux. O Modelo deve ser aplicado em ambiente Internet, ou em outras redes de telecomunicação. Por essa razão, utiliza métodos e técnicas de aprendizado à distância e e-Iearning. A construção do Modelo apoia-se, como alicerce teórico fundamental, no conceito de convivialidade de Illich (1976), no entendimento de Inose e Pierce (1984) sobre comunidades de interesse e democratização da produção de software, nos estudos de Malone (1997, 1998) referentes a modelos de organização em rede, nos estudos de Weber (2000) sobre comunidades de interesse online, na metodologia de capacitação "Pensamento Digital" de Joia (1999-1, 1999-2) e na estratégia pedagógico-metodológica do Australian National Training Authority (T AFE/SA). No entanto, as pesquisas de Matesco (2000, 2001) tomaram exeqüível a idéia da construção do Modelo, tendo que vista que o Modelo Exploratório proposto aplica-se, preferencialmente, a países, regiões, empresas ou organizações dependentes tecnologicamente de seus parceiros negociais e com escassez de recursos para aplicar em pesquisa e desenvolvimento. O caminho metodológico para a construção do Modelo inicia-se com uma sucinta abordagem sobre o sistema operacional Linux, a descrição das formas de organização das comunidades Linux e a identificação das formas de organização do trabalho e da produção no Fordismo-Taylorismo e no pós-Fordismo. Situa o funcionamento das comunidades Linux em relação a essas formas de organização. Descreve o processo de formação do conhecimento no aprendizado à distância e no elearning. Aborda a experiência de outros países com o Linux e com as comunidades Linux. Principalmente, o sucesso obtido pelos países nórdicos em absorção de tecnologia. A seguir, fundamentando-se em duas pesquisas de Matesco (2000,2001), analisa a dependência tecnológica do Brasil e propõe o Modelo Exploratório, cujo objetivo é, prioritariamente, colaborar para a redução dessa dependência, por meio de um processo de formação de conhecimento, baseado no aprendizado à distância e e-Iearning do Linux e na propagação de comunidades Linux, empregando-se o modelo de organização em rede.

Ambiente interno : a participação e o envolvimento das pessoas na busca do diferencial competitivo

Day after day, even small companies and multinationals brands need to compete in a worldwide market. All kind of global strategies have to involve production and regional market knowledge. Still being essential for company have a complete view of it market and it right position to gain competitive advantage. In a global market, get possible for the companies be in touch with last generation technologies and equipment's and all kind of research. Companies like that should develop products focused in customer's desire, even those extremely strict. Specifically in our country, as hard as we could think, the companies have access to credit lines, to the fiscal incentives offered by the states that alliance with the market potential are making possible the appearance of a lot companies and the growth of the companies already existent. However, these resources alone don't produce results to the company if it doesn't possess an internal organization able to assimilate the new market situation. The companies have to be able to apply the maximum resources offered by new technologies and understand how a communications facility means solution for many internal problems. In short terms, technology, financial resources, research and knowledge are available, however, the human resources might be prepared and developed in order to become the whole knowledge in profits. According 'JURAN' and his Total Quality Control philosophy the human resources playing fundamental role in the process, and in my opinion a company is something like a ship where all must be prepared to hold the rudder. I will develop a basic job looking for productivity and company's development through the people's involvement, focused in process of motivation, creativity and staff valorization. I believe that there no good production process without those requirements. Based on real case of a automotive parts and foundry company, located in Bento Gonçalves - RS, this work will look for to organize it mainly in its Industrial Division, adopting in participate administration where, through a information system and personnel involvement we will seek all favorable conditions to politics and strategies in get the growth of company.

Uma aquisição, uma nova cultura e um velho clima

The purpose of this study was evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of being strategic tool, applied to Castrol Brazil, to make possible to conduct the company towards the needed changes facing the scenery that it was going through of being acquired by British Petroleum. Besides contributing to the administration of this changing process, providing a favorable atmosphere to motivation, synergy and mobilization of all employees facing the results maintenance, also contributed to the implementation of its sustainable development policy, via a solid culture of corporative social responsibility. Also, it doesn¿t present itself as a directive and exclusive tool, only applicable to the described reality, but adaptable and that could be used in several merger and acquisition processes, enabling the companies to be acquired the cleaned understanding of the mission and the corporative vision, the faster incorporation of the new values and the acquisition of the best results in short and medium terms. The methodology used was descriptive, explanatory and applied, making use of documental, bibliographical means, study of cases and mainly participative, by total interaction of the researcher in the context of this study

Processos de aprendizagem e acumulação de competências tecnológicas na indústria de injeção plástica: o caso da Multibrás da Amazônia S.A.

This resume focus the connection between the learning process and the technological competences evolution. It is based on business case of a plastic injection company named Multibras da Amazonia S/A, that manufacture plastic parts to electro- electronic industry assemblers, the study used the company evolution from 1983 to 2000. Its conclusion allowed to demonstrate, how the theories developed by Figueiredo (2001) can be used to describe the technological competences and the learning process, and on it's scale from 1 to 6 the Multibras case has reached the level 5. Based on the business case, the study confirmed how the technological competences learning process and accumulation is linked to an organizational knowledge. Using the theory basis, but applied to an industry case, different from all the previous studies, this resume shows that it's necessary to have a continuous, organized and integrated effort to generate and develop the knowledge evolution inside the company to make possible the technological competences accumulation on a fast and effective track.

Uma análise do diferencial competitivo de hotéis associados a cadeias hoteleiras internacionais

The main purpose of this dissertation was to analyse whether hotels managed by international hotel chains present competitive differential when compared to hotels independently operated. This dissertation was only concerned with analyzing the benefits brought to the hotel, according to the marketing point of view, taking into consideration the differentials related to the brands, the distribution channels, the marketing budget and the commercial structure offered by the hotel chains to their affiliated hotels.This dissertation was developed through reading, as well as interviewing professionals of the area, such as hotels managers, hotel chains' directors, and consultant of hotel area in order to get to know their perceptions about the subject. Executive hotels under the luxury category were analyzed in the city of São Paulo.The conclusion was that hotels managed by international chains do present competitive differential in relation to the independently operated hotels. This differential is due to the usage of a brand known worldwide, the marketing budget, the sales and commercial structure of the hotels chains. This benefit is even bigger when the hotel is inside the international market.

Projeto de reestruturação organizacional de uma empresa de construção civil : um projeto de consultoria

The managerial diagnostic carried out at Construtora e Incorporadora A. Bueno Ltda. ¿ CIAB, points to an administrative structure within the concepts of the Classic Theory of Administration. We believe that, to the solution of its operations, it is necessary to turn to the main principle of the Theory of Administration (preview, organize, command, coordinate and control) as a way of finding, according to Taylor and Fayol studies, one possible solution to this case. Nevertheless, the companies adopt other administrative approaches on its operational process although, we understand that nothing has changed, they are still dependent and/or are connected to the principles of these classic authors. So, to the solution of the internal disorganized problems, it is priority the introduction of administrative processes and also the restructuring of the operational processes such as: the study of the time and movement, the rationalization of the physical and material efforts, the supplement of objectives and profitability. Then, according to Fayol the administration is not an exclusive privilege and a personal responsibility of the boss or the leaders of the company; it is a function that shares, like other essential functions, among the head and the members of the company. Consequently, to Fayol, the administration is the search of the maxim prosperity to all involved. So, this study has the aim to elaborate a consultant project to the organizational structurate of the CIAB company, according to the Theory of the Administration.

Treinamento do capital humano das empresas e o seu reflexo no processo de mudanças tecnológicas, econômicas e sociais

We have never talked so much about Human Capital and how important is to invest in development and training in the enterprises. We also have never seen so much merger and acquisions among foreign and Brazilian enterprise, in all the business areas. In consequence of this, was never so important to review the Training Professional role in that structure. The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the educator role of Training Professional within enterprises as responsible for the Human Capital training in the process of technological, economic and social changes and also to wake up that Professionals about need of their own training need in order to reach the best didactical and technical qualification, otherwise they will not have success in their job. In the same purpose we will approach how the workers of community knowledge have to apply in this process change and how the entrepreneurs must to manage the Human Been development in order to keep their enterprises profitable. We will use the bibliographical reference to understand the Human Capital in the knowledge community. We will analyze the Pedagogical Prevailing (TRADITIONAL, NEW, TECHNIQUE, LIBERATOR) which has been applied in the enterprise¿s training as support to research showed in this job. At last, we will propose the application of PDCA (PLAN, DO, CHECK, ACTION) studied by Vicente Falconi Campos, as an evaluation instrument of Education and Training Program

Análise da agricultura matogrossense, 1970/85: modernização, desconcentração da terra e mão-de-obra

Estudou-se 26 variáveis relacionadas à estrutura fundiária, uso da terra, tecnologia e capital, emprego e relações de trabalho nas 13 microrregiões homogêneas dos Estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e Mato Grosso