High Performance Electrical Drive System for a Biomechanical Test and Rehabilitation Equipment

Suunniteltiin ja rakennettiin suoraa vääntömomenttisäätöä soveltava taajuudenmuuttajakäyttö oikosulkumoottorin ohjaukseen korvaamaan passiivinen jarrukäyttö. Laite on kuntoutuslaite, jolla tehdään lihasvoiman mittauksia ja voimaharjoituksia. Selvitettiin kaupallisten moottoreiden ja taajuudenmuuttajien suoritusominaisuuksia ja tämän perusteella valittiin käyttöön sopivat laitteet. Työssä esitetään kaksi oikosulkumoottorin ohjaustapaa: vektorisäätö ja suora vääntömomenttisäätö. Merkittävin osa tästä työstä käsittelee - tarkan turvallisuussuunnitelman lisäksi - kuntoutuslaitteen prototyypin komponentteja, kokoamista ja suoritustestien tuloksia.

The effectiveness of vocationally oriented multidisciplinary rehabilitation (ASLAK®) amongst public sector employees

In Finland, vocationally oriented medical rehabilitation (ASLAK®) is a common preventive rehabilitation measure with the primary goal of preserving and improving work ability. The ASLAK® programme has been used for almost 30 years, although limited data exist on its effectiveness. The aims of this study were to determine whether the increased risk of work disability predicts the participants’ likelihood to be granted ASLAK® rehabilitation and to assess the effectiveness of the programme in decreasing the risk of work disability and modifying health-risk behaviours. This study is a part of the on-going Finnish Public Sector Study conducted by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Data on 53 416 employees (81% women) were gathered from employers’ records, national health registers and repeated survey responses. During the 5-year follow-up, increased levels of the risk factors for work disability did not predict participation in the rehabilitation programme. During the 2.8-year followup (range 0.04–5.0 years), the risk of long-term work disability (sick leave >90 days or retirement) overall or, more specifically, due to musculoskeletal or mental diseases did not differ between the rehabilitants who participated in ASLAK® in 1997–2005 and their propensity score matched controls. There was no evidence of ASLAK® being effective in changing participants’ health-risk behaviours or in improving perceived general or mental health. The results suggest that potential participant recognition, mainly taking place in occupational health care, may fail to identify those with a higher risk of work disability. No evidence on the effectiveness of the programme was found in the study cohort when measured by the selected indicators.

Työterveyshuolto ikääntyvän työntekijän työkyvyn tukijana

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata, miten työterveyshuolto tukee nykyisellä toiminnallaan ikääntyvien (45–54-vuotiaat) työntekijöiden työkykyä ja mitä työkyvyn tukemiseen liittyviä odotuksia ikääntyvillä työntekijöillä on työterveyshuollolle. Tutkimuskysymykset olivat ”Miten ikääntyvän työntekijän mielestä työterveyshuolto tukee ikääntyvän työntekijän työkykyä?” ja ”Millaista tukea työkyvyn ylläpitämiseksi ikääntyvät työntekijät odottavat työterveyshuollolta?”. Tutkimuksen kohderyhmänä olivat pääkaupunkiseudulla toimivan yksityisen lääkäriasemaketjun yli 10 hengen asiakasyritysten ikääntyvät työntekijät, jotka tekevät toimistotyöhön rinnastettavaa työtä. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin sähköisellä kyselyllä kesäkuussa 2011. Tutkimukseen osallistui 21 yritystä, joissa oli ikääntyviä työntekijöitä yhteensä 422. Kyselyyn vastasi 93 työntekijää. Vastausprosentti oli 22. Aineisto analysoitiin tilastollisilla menetelmillä ja avoimien vastausten tuottama aineisto induktiivisella sisällön analyysillä. Työntekijöistä kaksi kolmasosaa oli samaa mieltä siitä, että työterveyshuollon palvelut yleisesti ottaen tukevat ikääntyvän työntekijän työkykyä. Kuitenkin työntekijöistä vain hieman yli yksi viidesosaa oli samaa mieltä siitä, että työterveyshuollon toimintatavat ikääntyvän työntekijän työkyvyn tukemiseksi ovat riittävät. Syitä sille, miksi työterveyshuollon toimintaa ei pidetty työkykyä tukevana, olivat riittämätön aktiivisuus ja seuranta, asiakasorganisaation tuntemuksen puute ja näkemys siitä, että työterveyshuollon vaikutusmahdollisuudet yrityksen sisäisissä asioissa ovat riittämättömät. Työterveyshuollon arvioitiin tukevan enemmän fyysistä kuin psyykkistä työkykyä. Työterveyshuollon eri toimintojen osa-alueista ikääntyvät työntekijät arvioivat työterveyshuollon ohjaus- ja neuvontatoiminnan ja sairaanhoidon tukevan eniten työkykyään. Työterveyshuollon yleisen toiminnan arvioitiin tukevan työkykyä toiseksi eniten. Jaksamisessa ja muutoksissa tukeminen ja kuntoutustoiminta arvioitiin työkykyä vähiten tukevaksi toiminnaksi. Työntekijät odottivat työterveyshuollon toiminnalta aktiivisuutta, toiminnan ja seurannan säännöllisyyttä ja yksilöllisyyden huomioimista. Keskeisinä osaalueina, joihin työterveyshuollon tulisi panostaa, pidettiin psyykkisen jaksamisen, terveellisten elämäntapojen ja fyysisen jaksamisen tukemista sekä terveystarkastuksia ja ryhmätoimintaa. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää suunniteltaessa ja toteutettaessa työterveyshuollon ennaltaehkäisevää ikääntyville suunnattua pysyvän työkyvyn tukemiseen tähtäävää toimintaa. Tulokset auttavat suuntaamaan työterveyshuollon resurssit ja voimavarat oikeisiin kohteisiin.

Evaluation of novel programs in health counseling – their effectiveness in the oral health of young children, and their acceptance by parents and professionals in public dental service.

Aim and design: To evaluate family-based health counseling for young children, and to study the significance of adding parental self-care or the training of professionals to the programs. The effectiveness and acceptability of the programs were evaluated by comparing two new programs with an earlier one. Subjects and methods: The study was carried out in Vantaa, which was divided into three study areas. The subjects consisted of children born in 2008, particularly fi rstborn children, while children born in 2006 formed the historical control. The fi rst of the new programs emphasized oral hygiene and use of fl uoride, and the second program focused on proper diet and use of xylitol. The main outcome measure was mutansstreptococci (MS) in the dental biofi lm of two-year-olds, and the opinions of parents and dental professionals were evaluated using questionnaires. Results: The programs found wide acceptance among dental professionals. There were no group-related differences found in the MS scores of the two-year-olds. However, all groups combined, father’s advanced level of education and child’s proper use of xylitol were associated with negative MS scores. In the opinion of parents, the oral healthcare guidance at least somewhat met their expectations. Conclusions: The present fi ndings suggest that providing training and support for professionals in health education is important. The addition of parental self-care to supplement programs aimed at young children does not improve the program, although it may improve parental readiness to change their own health habits. Counseling for families might be best carried out through a routine patient-centered program.

Critical elements underpinning the emergence of the medical game ecosystem: gamifying traumatic brain injury rehabilitation in Finland

The healthcare sector is currently in the verge of a reform and thus, the medical game research provide an interesting area of research. The aim of this study is to explore the critical elements underpinning the emergence of the medical game ecosystem with three sub-objectives: (1) to seek who are the key actors involved in the medical game ecosystem and identify their needs, (2) to scrutinise what types of resources are required in medical game development and what types of relationships are needed to secure those resources, and (3) to identify the existing institutions (‘the rules of the game’) affecting the emergence of the medical game ecosystem. The theoretical background consists of service ecosystems literature. The empirical study conducted is based on the semi-structured theme interviews of 25 experts in three relevant fields: games and technology, health and funding. The data was analysed through a theoretical framework that was designed based upon service ecosystems literature. The study proposes that the key actors are divided into five groups: medical game companies, customers, funders, regulatory parties and complementors. Their needs are linked to improving patient motivation and enhancing the healthcare processes resulting in lower costs. Several types of resources, especially skills and knowledge, are required to create a medical game. To gain access to those resources, medical game companies need to build complex networks of relationships. Proficiency in managing those value networks is crucial. In addition, the company should take into account the underlying institutions in the healthcare sector affecting the medical game ecosystem. Three crucial institutions were identified: validation, lack of innovation supporting structures in healthcare and the rising consumerisation. Based on the findings, medical games cannot be made in isolation. A developmental trajectory model of the emerging medical game ecosystem was created based on the empirical data. The relevancy of relationships and resources is dependent on the trajectory that the medical game company at that time resides. Furthermore, creating an official and documented database for clinically valdated medical games was proposed to establish the medical game market and ensure an adequate status for the effective medical games. Finally, ecosystems approach provides interesting future opportunities for research on medical game ecosystems.

Critical elements underpinning the emergence of the medical game ecosystem:gamifying traumatic brain injury rehabilitation in Finland

The healthcare sector is currently in the verge of a reform and thus, the medical game research provide an interesting area of research. The aim of this study is to explore the critical elements underpinning the emergence of the medical game ecosystem with three sub-objectives: (1) to seek who are the key actors involved in the medical game ecosystem and identify their needs, (2) to scrutinise what types of resources are required in medical game development and what types of relationships are needed to secure those resources, and (3) to identify the existing institutions (‘the rules of the game’) affecting the emergence of the medical game ecosystem. The theoretical background consists of service ecosystems literature. The empirical study conducted is based on the semi-structured theme interviews of 25 experts in three relevant fields: games and technology, health and funding. The data was analysed through a theoretical framework that was designed based upon service ecosystems literature. The study proposes that the key actors are divided into five groups: medical game companies, customers, funders, regulatory parties and complementors. Their needs are linked to improving patient motivation and enhancing the healthcare processes resulting in lower costs. Several types of resources, especially skills and knowledge, are required to create a medical game. To gain access to those resources, medical game companies need to build complex networks of relationships. Proficiency in managing those value networks is crucial. In addition, the company should take into account the underlying institutions in the healthcare sector affecting the medical game ecosystem. Three crucial institutions were identified: validation, lack of innovation supporting structures in healthcare and the rising consumerisation. Based on the findings, medical games cannot be made in isolation. A developmental trajectory model of the emerging medical game ecosystem was created based on the empirical data. The relevancy of relationships and resources is dependent on the trajectory that the medical game company at that time resides. Furthermore, creating an official and documented database for clinically validated medical games was proposed to establish the medical game market and ensure an adequate status for the effective medical games. Finally, ecosystems approach provides interesting future opportunities for research on medical game ecosystems