A characterization of two weight norm inequalities for maximal singular integrals

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Two weight inequalities for discrete positive operators

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Two weight inequalities for maximal truncations of dyadic Calderón-Zygmund operators

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Refined asymptotics for the subcritical Keller-Segel system and related functional inequalities

We analyze the rate of convergence towards self-similarity for the subcritical Keller-Segel system in the radially symmetric two-dimensional case and in the corresponding one-dimensional case for logarithmic interaction. We measure convergence in Wasserstein distance. The rate of convergence towards self-similarity does not degenerate as we approach the critical case. As a byproduct, we obtain a proof of the logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality in the one dimensional and radially symmetric two dimensional case based on optimal transport arguments. In addition we prove that the onedimensional equation is a contraction with respect to Fourier distance in the subcritical case.

Spatial distribution of economic activities: an empirical approach usingself-organizing maps

The aim of this paper is to analyse the colocation patterns of industries and firms. We study the spatial distribution of firms from different industries at a microgeographic level and from this identify the main reasons for this locational behaviour. The empirical application uses data from Mercantile Registers of Spanish firms (manufacturers and services). Inter-sectorial linkages are shown using self-organizing maps. Key words: clusters, microgeographic data, self-organizing maps, firm location JEL classification: R10, R12, R34

LA DIRECCIÓ DE COMUNICACIÓ EN EL TERCER SECTOR

El Tercer Sector cívicosocial, entès com aquell conjunt d’organitzacions privades sense ànim de lucre que tenen com objectiu aconseguir la promoció de la persona, reduir les desigualtats socioeconòmiques i evitar l’exclusició social en el nostre territori, ha adquirit un pes molt significatiu en la nostra societat. És degut a aquesta importància, aconseguida al llarg dels anys, que totes les organitzaciones, fundacions i associacions han pres com a element de gran importància la comunicació. Saber comunicar-se ha arribat a un nivell imprescindible dins de la nostra societat i d’aquesta manera, el Tercer Sector n’ha pres consciència d’aquest fet. El present Treball Final de Carrera consisteix en l’estudi de diverses entitats representatives dels diversos sectors dins de l’àmbit territorial de Catalunya per veure de quina manera fan servir la comunicació i com es troben organitzades per saber assolir els seus objectius. Les nou entitats contactades són: Càritas, Intermón, Creu Roja, Amnistia Internacional, Greenpeace, Sos Racisme, SCIAS/ASC, Agrupació i ONCE. D’aquesta manera podem veure si el fet de disposar d’un departament dedicat a la comunicació, o de desenvolupar estratègies, repercuteix a obtenir uns millors resultats, tant interns com externs, dins de la entitat.

La despersonalización de sujeto de los derechos en J.J. Rousseau

Aquest treball analitza els trets més característics del pensament de J.J. Rousseau centrant l’ atenció en el Discurs sobre l’ origen de les desigualtats entre els homes. Mitjançant un extens comentari del Discurs es proposa una revisió dels principis antropològics que han fundat la filosofia política rousseauniana. I s’ entra a examinar algunes Declaracions de Drets sota la hipòtesi de trobar algun dels trets d’ aquesta concepció antropològica en el subjecte d’ aquells Drets.

Gènere i bilingüisme: connectant experiències i teories. Introductory paper in Santaemilia, José, Patricia Bou, Sergio Maruenda i Gora Zaragoza International Perspectives on Gender and Language

Peer-reviewed

Counterexamples to some pointwise estimates of the maximal Cauchy transform in terms of the Cauchy transform

Motivated by the work of Mateu, Orobitg, Pérez and Verdera, who proved inequalities of the form $T_*f\lesssim M(Tf)$ or $T_*f\lesssim M^2(Tf)$ for certain singular integral operators $T$, such as the Hilbert or the Beurling transforms, we study the possibility of establishing this type of control for the Cauchy transform along a Lipschitz graph. We show that this is not possible in general, and we give a partial positive result when the graph is substituted by a Jordan curve.

Ecological Footprint Inequality: A methodological review and some results

Scarcities of environmental services are no longer merely a remote hypothesis. Consequently, analysis of their inequalities between nations becomes of paramount importance for the achievement of sustainability in terms either of international policy, or of Universalist ethical principles of equity. This paper aims, on the one hand, at revising methodological aspects of the inequality measurement of certain environmental data and, on the other, at extending the scarce empirical evidence relating to the international distribution of Ecological Footprint (EF), by using a longer EF time series. Most of the techniques currently important in the literature are revised and then tested on EF data with interesting results. We look in depth at Lorenz dominance analyses and consider the underlying properties of different inequality indices. Those indices which fit best with environmental inequality measurements are CV2 and GE(2) because of their neutrality property, however a trade-off may occur when subgroup decompositions are performed. A weighting factor decomposition method is proposed in order to isolate weighting factor changes in inequality growth rates. Finally, the only non-ambiguous way of decomposing inequality by source is the natural decomposition of CV2, which additionally allows the interpretation of marginal term contributions. Empirically, this paper contributes to the environmental inequality measurement of EF: this inequality has been quite stable and its change over time is due to per capita vector changes rather than population changes. Almost the entirety of the EF inequality is explainable by differences in the means between the countries of the World Bank group. This finding suggests that international environmental agreements should be attempted on a regional basis in an attempt to achieve greater consensus between the parties involved. Additionally, source decomposition warns of the dangers of confining CO2 emissions reduction to crop-based energies because of the implications for basic needs satisfaction.

Ecological Footprint Inequality across countries: the role of environment intensity, income and interaction effects

Recently, White (2007) analysed the international inequalities in Ecological Footprints per capita (EF hereafter) based on a two-factor decomposition of an index from the Atkinson family (Atkinson (1970)). Specifically, this paper evaluated the separate role of environment intensity (EF/GDP) and average income as explanatory factors for these global inequalities. However, in addition to other comments on their appeal, this decomposition suffers from the serious limitation of the omission of the role exerted by probable factorial correlation (York et al. (2005)). This paper proposes, by way of an alternative, a decomposition of a conceptually similar index like Theil’s (Theil, 1967) which, in effect, permits clear decomposition in terms of the role of both factors plus an inter-factor correlation, in line with Duro and Padilla (2006). This decomposition might, in turn, be extended to group inequality components (Shorrocks, 1980), an analysis that cannot be conducted in the case of the Atkinson indices. The proposed methodology is implemented empirically with the aim of analysing the international inequalities in EF per capita for the 1980-2007 period and, amongst other results, we find that, indeed, the interactive component explains, to a significant extent, the apparent pattern of stability observed in overall international inequalities.

El Derecho de la Unión Europea en torno a la conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral y su articulación conforme a la dicotomía público/privado

En aquest treball, prenent com a marc teòric de referència la deconstrucció de la dicotomia públic/privat realitzada per la teoría feminista en aquestes últimes dècades, i les anàlisis jurídicfeministes del dret, posem de manifest com el Dret de la Unió Europea sobre la conciliació de la vida familiar i laboral està articulat acord amb aquesta dicotomia, i en conseqüència, no té en compte els interessos de les dones en tot el seu abast, ja que potencia la seva participació en el treball remunerat però sense resoldre el problema de les desigualtats entre homes i dones en relació amb les càrregues familiars i domèstiques.

An ex-post view of inequality of opportunity in France and its regions

This paper proposes an ex-post measure of inequality of opportunity in France and its regions by assessing the inequality between individuals exerting the same effort. To this end, we define a fair income that fulfils ex-post equality of opportunity requirements. Unfairness is measured by an unfair Gini based on the distance between the actual income and the fair income. Our findings reveal that the measures of ex-post inequality of opportunity largely vary across regions, and that this is due to di_erences in reward schemes and in the impact of the non responsibility factors of income. We find that most regions have actual incomes closer to fair incomes than to average income, excepted Ile de France where the actual income looks poorly related to effort variables. Finally, we find that income inequality and inequality of opportunity are positively correlated among regions.

Análisis empírico de la discriminación salarial por género y etnia en el Ecuador en el año 2008

La población femenina y la indígena del Ecuador han presentado continuamente desigualdades de ingresos respecto a la población masculina y a la no indígena, respectivamente. El presente trabajo reporta que una parte de las diferencias salariales a favor de los hombres y de la población no indígena es resultado de la discriminación salarial por razones de género y etnia. Este resultado se ha obtenido estimando ecuaciones mincerianas de ingresos corrigiendo el problema de se sgo de selección muestral y utilizando la metodología de descomposición de las brechas salariales de Oaxaca (1973) y Newmak (1988) también corregidas por el problema de sesgo de selección muestral.

The building blocks of international ecological footprint inequality: a regression-based decomposition

This paper performs an empirical Decomposition of International Inequality in Ecological Footprint in order to quantify to what extent explanatory variables such as a country’s affluence, economic structure, demographic characteristics, climate and technology contributed to international differences in terms of natural resource consumption during the period 1993-2007. We use a Regression-Based Inequality Decomposition approach. As a result, the methodology extends qualitatively the results obtained in standard environmental impact regressions as it comprehends further social dimensions of the Sustainable Development concept, i.e. equity within generations. The results obtained point to prioritizing policies that take into account both future and present generations.