162 resultados para semantic wiki


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La arquitectura de la información (IA), aunque presente en cierta manera desde hace más de 50 años, ha tomado especial relevancia con la llegada de la Web y el aumento de la cantidad de información a nuestro alcance. La disciplina cuenta ya con unos pilares claros, que se fundamentan en los contenidos gestionados pero sobre todo en los usuarios, sin olvidar su contexto. También se identifica una serie de componentes a combinar a la hora de elaborar una IA y una metodología básica. Pero la cantidad de información a nuestro alcance no para de crecer, así que se continúa innovando en nuevas formas de organización, buscadores más eficaces o tecnologías de web semántica que permiten a los ordenadores encargarse de la parte menos creativa de enfrentarse a esa avalancha de información.

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El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior exige un cambio en las metodologías docentes tradicionales que las nuevas tecnologías pueden favorecer. La Web 2.0 ofrece gran variedad de posibilidades para hacer del estudiante un agente activo en el proceso de aprendizaje, pero es la tecnología wiki la que parece adaptarse mejor a las nuevas necesidades docentes, como son la consideración de una serie de competencias genéricas para la formación integral del alumno que van más allá de los meros conocimientos específicos de una asignatura. Los profesores universitarios están empezando a experimentar con wikis en sus asignaturas, pero el apoyo institucional que reciben no parece suficiente para que el uso de esta herramienta se generalice en toda la universidad.

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Awareness is required for supporting all forms of cooperation. In Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL), awareness can be used for enhancing collaborative opportunities across physical distances and in computer-mediated environments. Shared Knowledge Awareness (SKA) intends to increase the perception about the shared knowledge, students have in a collaborative learning scenario and also concerns the understanding that this group has about it. However, it is very difficult to produce accurate awareness indicators based on informal message exchange among the participants. Therefore, we propose a semantic system for cooperation that makes use of formal methods for knowledge representation based on semantic web technologies. From these semantics-enhanced repository and messages, it could be easier to compute more accurate awareness.

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In order to improve the management of copyright in the Internet, known as Digital Rights Management, there is the need for a shared language for copyright representation. Current approaches are based on purely syntactic solutions, i.e. a grammar that defines a rights expression language. These languages are difficult to put into practise due to the lack of explicit semantics that facilitate its implementation. Moreover, they are simple from the legal point of view because they are intended just to model the usage licenses granted by content providers to end-users. Thus, they ignore the copyright framework that lies behind and the whole value chain from creators to end-users. Our proposal is to use a semantic approach based on semantic web ontologies. We detail the development of a copyright ontology in order to put this approach into practice. It models the copyright core concepts for creation, rights and the basic kinds of actions that operate on content. Altogether, it allows building a copyright framework for the complete value chain. The set of actions operating on content are our smaller building blocks in order to cope with the complexity of copyright value chains and statements and, at the same time, guarantee a high level of interoperability and evolvability. The resulting copyright modelling framework is flexible and complete enough to model many copyright scenarios, not just those related to the economic exploitation of content. The ontology also includes moral rights, so it is possible to model this kind of situations as it is shown in the included example model for a withdrawal scenario. Finally, the ontology design and the selection of tools result in a straightforward implementation. Description Logic reasoners are used for license checking and retrieval. Rights are modelled as classes of actions, action patterns are modelled also as classes and the same is done for concrete actions. Then, to check if some right or license grants an action is reduced to check for class subsumption, which is a direct functionality of these reasoners.

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Understanding how best to support immature writers in the development of their understanding of the writing process is an important concern for researchers and teachers. Social technologies have become key features of leisure and work place writing, yet knowledge about how to design educational settings that take full advantage of the affordances of web 2.0 technologies to support early writing is scarce. This paper presents a small scale study that investigated how writing in a wiki environment might facilitate and support students’ use of composition and revision strategies. Our findings show that wiki can enlarge young writers’ experience of the process of composition and revision both through their own efforts and by observing the process in others. In this study students employed a wide range of types of revisions both surface and text based changes. These revisions took place during the process of composition as well as at the end. It is argued here that writing in a wiki not only provides young writers with experience of a mode of composition prevalent in the contemporary work environment, but breaks up the process of writing in a way that may support students’ understanding of the processes of composition and revision.

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PLFC is a first-order possibilistic logic dealing with fuzzy constants and fuzzily restricted quantifiers. The refutation proof method in PLFC is mainly based on a generalized resolution rule which allows an implicit graded unification among fuzzy constants. However, unification for precise object constants is classical. In order to use PLFC for similarity-based reasoning, in this paper we extend a Horn-rule sublogic of PLFC with similarity-based unification of object constants. The Horn-rule sublogic of PLFC we consider deals only with disjunctive fuzzy constants and it is equipped with a simple and efficient version of PLFC proof method. At the semantic level, it is extended by equipping each sort with a fuzzy similarity relation, and at the syntactic level, by fuzzily “enlarging” each non-fuzzy object constant in the antecedent of a Horn-rule by means of a fuzzy similarity relation.

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El presente estudio analiza las razones de la falta de previsión expresa en la reforma penal de 2010 de una incriminación específica de los supuestos de stalking (persecución obsesiva o repetitiva no consentida).

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Els autors reflexionen sobre la representativitat dels dialectalismes inclosos en algunes obres lexicogràfiques catalanes, atenent als problemes que es deriven de la selecció lèxica pròpiament dita i de l'abast semàntic d'aquestes unitats. S'hi afegeixen, alhora, aspectes inherents al component lèxic, com ara la variació interna o externa a què està sotmès. Els exemples adduïts provenen en gran part de la recerca duta a terme per a l'elaboració del Diccionari de la pronúncia del català nord-occidental (lleidatà).

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En aquest article es defi neix la classe dels verbs d'actitud, tant intensionalment, a partir de criteris sint àctics i sem àntics, com extensionalment. Quant a la sintaxi, s'observa que els verbs que pertanyen a aquest grup presenten almenys una estructura distintiva compartida; pel que fa a la sem àntica, a m és d'identifi car-hi els mateixos components de signifi cat, s'ha observat que presenten també el mateix tipus general d'estructura esdevenimental. La hipòtesi de treball és la de Levin [6] -els verbs que tenen el mateix signifi cat comparteixen el mateix comportament sintàctic-, encara que amb alguns matisos. El punt de partida és tamb é la classifi cació d'aquesta autora, sobre la qual es proposa una reagrupaci ó en funci ó dels criteris esmentats.

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En aquest treball es realitza un estudi sobre l'estat de l'art de la web semàntica i els seus estàndards actuals, més concretament sobre ontologies. Descriu també el procés pràctic emprat pel disseny i la implementació d'una ontologia en el domini concret de Twitter, en format OWL, fent servir l'aplicació Protégé per a la seva creació. Finalment explica la creació (captura de requeriments, disseny i implementació) d'una aplicació capaç d'obtenir dades reals de Twitter, processar-les per extreure'n la informació rellevant i emmagatzemar-la a la ontologia creada.

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L'ontologia que s'ha dissenyat contempla els conceptes bàsics de Twitter, les relacions entre ells i les restriccions que cal respectar. L'ontologia s'ha dissenyat amb el programa Protégé i està disponible en format OWL. S'ha desenvolupat una aplicació per poblar l'ontologia amb els tweets que s'obtenen a partir d'una cerca a Twitter. L'accés a Twitter es fa via l'API que ofereix per accedir a les dades des d'aplicacions de tercers. El resultat de l'execució de l'aplicació és un fitxer RDF/XML amb les tripletes corresponents a les instàncies dels objectes en l'ontologia.

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En el present treball hem tractat d'aportar una visió actual del món de les dades obertes enllaçades en l'àmbit de l'educació. Hem revisat tant les aplicacions que van dirigides a implementar aquestes tecnologies en els repositoris de dades existents (pàgines web, repositoris d'objectes educacionals, repositoris de cursos i programes educatius) com a ser suport de nous paradigmes dins del món de l'educació.

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The use of body percussion through BAPNE method in neurorehabilitation offers the possibility of studying the development of motor skills, attention, coordination, memory and social interaction of patients with neurological diseases. The experimental protocol was carried out on 52 patients with severe acquired brain injury. Patients were selected for the cut - off scores in the standard neuropsychologic al tests of sustained attention , divided and alert ; at least one emisoma intact, cut -off scores in the standard for procedural and semantic memory ; eye sight , hearing and speech intact. The first group of patients has supported the protocol BAPNE tougher with the traditional rehabilitation activities . The control group continued to perform exclusively the cognitive and neuromotor rehabilitation according to traditional protocols. At 6 months after administration of the protocol is expected to re-test to assess if present , the maintenance of the effects of rehabilitation obtained. Experimentation is carried out for 10 weeks following the protocol of BAPNE method in the Roboris Foundation of Rome.

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En aquest treball es presenta la recerca en docència que desenvolupen els autors, ique fa referència a l"ús de la redacció col·laborativa de documents i treballscooperatius en docència. Aquesta recerca es dedica principalment a l"anàlisi de l"ús de metodologies TIC, com és el wiki, per tal d"avaluar-ne els seus avantatges i inconvenients respecte als mètodes tradicionals de treball col·laboratiu. Entre d"altres aspectes, ens interessen la mesura de l"esforç en temps de dedicació de l"alumnat i també del professorat, i la possibilitat de fer una avaluació de cada alumne que inclogui la seva contribució individual al treball de grup. L"estudi s"està fent en diverses assignatures dels ensenyaments de Biologia, Ciències Ambientals i Infermeria. Es presenten algunes dades sobre els resultats obtinguts en aspectes com ara les dificultats tècniques, qüestions organitzatives i grau de satisfacció dels alumnes. S"aporten algunes dades preliminars sobre la valoració diferent de cada alumne segons el mètode.

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Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the long-term cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a sample of adolescent patients in whom schizophrenia spectrum disorders were diagnosed. Methods: The sample was composed of nine adolescent subjects in whom schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder was diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria on whom ECT was conducted (ECT group) and nine adolescent subjects matched by age, socioeconomic status, and diagnostic and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score at baseline on whom ECT was not conducted (NECT group). Clinical and neuropsychological assessments were carried out at baseline before ECT treatment and at 2-year follow-up. Results: Significant differences were found between groups in the number of unsuccessful medication trials. No statistically significant differences were found between the ECT group and theNECT group in either severity as assessed by the PANSS, or in any cognitive variables at baseline.At follow-up, both groups showed significant improvement in clinical variables (subscales of positive, general, and total scores of PANSS and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement). In the cognitive assessment at follow-up, significant improvement was found in both groups in the semantic category of verbal fluency task and digits forward. However, no significant differences were found between groups in any clinical or cognitive variable at follow-up. Repeated measures analysis found no significant interaction of time · group in any clinical or neuropsychological measures. Conclusions: The current study showed no significant differences in change over time in clinical or neuropsychological variables between the ECT group and the NECT group at 2-year follow-up. Thus, ECT did not show any negative influence on long-term neuropsychological variables in our sample.