Arbitragem de consumo no direito brasileiro

This dissertation analyzes how the current Constitution and the Brazilian law establish consumer protection, arbitration and access to justice. Following we try to demonstrate why arbitration is a method rarely used in the resolution of consumer disputes in Brazil. It also examines the doctrinal and jurisprudential aspects of the conflict between the Brazilian Arbitration Law (Law nº. 9.307/96), which allows the arbitration clause in contracts of adhesion, and the Consumer Protection Code (Law nº 8.078/90) that in article 51, VII, considers as abusive the arbitration clause. Furthermore, analyzes new proposed bills under scrutiny by the National Congress on the issue and identifies the causes, in the Brazilian legal system, hampering the use of arbitration in consumer relations. Concludes that there are no principle obstacles preventing consumer litigations to be settled by arbitration. High costs, mistrust, oppression, misinformation of consumers and non-participation of the State, being a totally private institute, are factors that generate distrust, suspicion, and have prevented the development of arbitration in consumer relations in Brazil.

A protecção jurídica do consumidor em Angola

The scope of the present work is to study the legal protection conferred upon the consumer in Angola, especially as regards electronic communication agreements. Its purpose is to promote consumers’ rights and contribute to its defence given the relatively privileged position of professionals in their relationship with consumers. With this in mind, we have made a description of the Consumer Law in Angola based on the Angolan Constitution (as the law that establishes the fundamental rights and guarantees of citizens) and on the Consumer’s Defence Law, which, as the basic law regarding consumers’ rights, provides the framework for this dissertation. We have analysed several aspects relating to consumer relationships, starting from its concept and rights of consumers and covering the legal and contractual mechanisms put in place for their protection. We have also analysed the Advertising Law with a view to better understand consumer’s rights before advertising campaigns carried out by professionals whilst promoting their goods and services and, additionally, to understand the duties and principles that shall be complied with in such campaigns with the purpose to protect the rights and interests of consumers. From a criminal point of view, we have briefly covered the crimes against consumers provided for in the Penal Code and the Law of Infractions against the Economy. In the second part of this work, we have summarised the institutions that protect the rights and interests of consumers, which include the Public Prosecutor Office, the National Institute for the Defence of the Consumers and the Consumers’ Associations. The third and last part of this work covers electronic communications agreements. Given the fact that there is no specific legislation in this matter, our analysis was based on the Civil Code – specifically the part relating to contracts – the Law on General Contractual Terms and Conditions and the Consumer’s Defence Law. We have analysed the formation of contracts, compliance and consumers’ rights resulting from contract breach. We further have appealed to the Angolan legislator to legislate certain aspects of consumer relationships, especially those where breach of consumers’ rights are blatant and facilitated by the lack of specific laws addressing such cases.

O incumprimento do contrato de crédito ao consumo pelo consumidor

Consumer relations, established between the Consumer and the Creditor, which carry a consequent inequality of contractual positioning between the parties, have been pushing the legislator to adopt more rigid regulations with regard to lending for the purchase of goods or services of consum issues. In this sense, the Decree-Law 359/91 was approved, meanwhile repealed by the Decree-Law 133/2009, which regulates the consumer credit agreement’s regime in the portuguese legal system. Through this contract, the financier makes available to the consumer a certain amount of money, which the consumer must repay, plus the respective remuneration (interest) and other charges, according to a refund plan agreed by the parties. The consumer will be in delay if he breaches this stipulation. In case of default, the creditor, notwithstanding, can choose to wait for the performance by the debtor, promote the loss of benefit of the term or the termination of the contract. From the outset it would seem that, in one way or another, the financier, by imposing a forced shortening of the contract duration initially agreed, will lose the right to remuneration for the provision of capital agreed, but not verified. Nevertheless, unlike presently, the previous regime allowed the parties to rule otherwise, being permitted to agree to the payment of interest of outstanding installments. On the other hand, in the consumer credit contract the principle of freedom of contractual provision of the parties is strongly mitigated by the special legislation, which prevents the waiver of rights by the consumer, and by the regime of general contractual terms, which restricts the freedom of the financier to stipulate the contractual content freely and the freedom of the consumer to negotiate. For all these reasons, associated with the growing need of credit resource to satisfy their needs of consumption, it is confirm the relevance of legislative intervention on consumers protection in the context of hiring credit.

O incumprimento do contrato de crédito ao consumo pelo consumidor

Consumer relations, established between the Consumer and the Creditor, which carry a consequent inequality of contractual positioning between the parties, have been pushing the legislator to adopt more rigid regulations with regard to lending for the purchase of goods or services of consum issues. In this sense, the Decree-Law 359/91 was approved, meanwhile repealed by the Decree-Law 133/2009, which regulates the consumer credit agreement’s regime in the portuguese legal system. Through this contract, the financier makes available to the consumer a certain amount of money, which the consumer must repay, plus the respective remuneration (interest) and other charges, according to a refund plan agreed by the parties. The consumer will be in delay if he breaches this stipulation. In case of default, the creditor, notwithstanding, can choose to wait for the performance by the debtor, promote the loss of benefit of the term or the termination of the contract. From the outset it would seem that, in one way or another, the financier, by imposing a forced shortening of the contract duration initially agreed, will lose the right to remuneration for the provision of capital agreed, but not verified. Nevertheless, unlike presently, the previous regime allowed the parties to rule otherwise, being permitted to agree to the payment of interest of outstanding installments. On the other hand, in the consumer credit contract the principle of freedom of contractual provision of the parties is strongly mitigated by the special legislation, which prevents the waiver of rights by the consumer, and by the regime of general contractual terms, which restricts the freedom of the financier to stipulate the contractual content freely and the freedom of the consumer to negotiate. For all these reasons, associated with the growing need of credit resource to satisfy their needs of consumption, it is confirm the relevance of legislative intervention on consumers protection in the context of hiring credit.

Do print para o tablet. Estudo de caso da Revista Proteste

Actualmente o contacto com uma notícia é feito em rede e através de diversos media, o Papel, a Internet, a Televisão, os Telemóveis e os Tablets. Como dispositivo técnico de leitura de notícias os Tablets são uma plataforma que apresenta os conteúdos da notícia de uma revista de forma diferente. A informação é apresentada através de soluções visuais e com uma nova narrativa, diferente das revistas tradicionais. Os conteúdos estão mais fragmentados, o leitor pode ver um vídeo, ouvir uma música, seleccionar uma informação através de um sistema de “árvore de decisão” carregando num simples botão, aceder a um hyperlink ou simplesmente visualizar um slideshow. Todos estes recursos interativos estão disponíveis. Os números de venda de Tablets induzem a que muitas editoras se adaptem a esta inovação e que desenvolvam os seus produtos editoriais neste novo suporte. A revista Proteste, o principal produto da linha generalista que abrange todos os domínios do equipamento e os serviços destinados ao consumidor, da Editora DecoProteste Editores para a defesa do consumidor, LDA, necessita de migrar para estes dispositivos para cativar novos públicos. A presença desta revista nos Tablets está actualmente disponível através de um pdf com interação diminuta. Esta limitação será o ponto de partida deste trabalho de Projeto. A proposta terá um novo layout, que será estruturado com base na revista tradicional em papel, o objetivo é privilegiar a fácil usabilidade e apreensão dos conteúdos pelo leitor. A aplicação será concebida através de software compatível com o utilizado na produção da revista. Serão seleccionados conteúdos já publicados e identificadas as respectivas fontes. O projecto centrar-se-á no design de uma aplicação na qual serão criados todos os elementos interactivos de forma a introduzir uma nova narrativa/storytelling na publicação onde o consumidor possa interagir. A identificação com a revista em papel será muito forte através de uma nomenclatura que nos remeterá para os conteúdos disponibilizados em papel, nomeadamente as rubricas, os testes comparativos com designação de uma Escolha Acertada, que define a melhor relação “qualidade/preço”, bem como a selecção dos produtos e serviços com melhor desempenho. Os estudos de preços, outro dos sectores fundamentais da informação disponível em papel, também serão abordados. O modo como consumimos informação mudou. Com boas “histórias” em mãos e através dos meios tecnológicos disponíveis é a altura ideal para poder contá-las.

O processo sumário e a reforma do Código do Processo Penal de 2013

The present work aims to develop the theme "The summary procedure and the reform of 2013". The purpose of its analysis serves the interest to understand the virtues and disadvantages of the changes introduced by Act n.º 20/2013 to our Code of Criminal Procedure, and the main focus of the present reflection is to further the impact of the measures taken by the legislator to the summary proceedings. The opening of the most serious crimes to summary procedure is a reform measure duly highlighted because it is a true innovation in the Portuguese penal system. Therefore, it urges to analyse not only the consequences of this measure, as well as if the objectives of its introduction in the summary procedure system are met. It should be noted that the legislator intends to promote speedy trial, and at the same time, ensure compliance with the Constitutional rights associated to the accused. At this point it is important to realize if there is a restriction of the accused essential guarantees. On the other hand, it should be noted that the typical characteristics of summary proceedings might have been invariably modified, due to the innovative aspect of the reform. That said, the changes might have fostered a mischaracterization of the typical format of the summary procedure, both in terms of the nature of the proceedings and in terms of its space and objectives within the penal system. Reflecting on the above will provide a deeper understanding of the volatile balance between the Portuguese governing prosecution efficiency and the Constitution, as well as the future of the criminal policy in Portugal.

Geração de código VHDL a partir de especificações IOPT PNML2VHDL

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Contratos de intermediação no código dos valores mobiliários

Separata do Nº 7 dos Cadernos do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários Abril de 2000

Adelaide Cabete: entre a eugénica e a eugenética na defesa da Res publica

Letras & Ciências - As duas Culturas de Filipe Furtado, pp. 513-531

Concepção de uma base de dados terminológica para o Ministério de Defesa Nacional : relação entre a normalização nacional e a normalização da OTAN

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Terminologia e Gestão da Informação de Especialidade

A Exploração Aeroespacial no Âmbito da Segurança e da Defesa. O Caso da China

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais Área de Especialização: Relações Internacionais

Geração automática de código ANSI C a partir de Redes de Petri IOPT - PNML2C -

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Implementação de um sistema de informação geográfica numa autarquia utilizando software livre e de código aberto

Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência e Sistemas de Informação Geográfica.

A primeira frente de oposição à ditadura militar portuguesa: a liga de defesa da república ou liga de Paris

pp. 247-274