An��lise e estudo comparativo da escolha de melhor tra��ado para o mineroduto da Ferrous Resources Brasil S/A

Trabalho de projecto apresentado como requisito parcial para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Ci��ncia e Sistemas de Informa����o Geogr��fica

Municipal solid waste management system: decision support through systems analysis

Thesis submitted to the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ci��ncias e Tecnologia for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering

Usabilidade de dispositivos port��teis utilizados nas comunica����es na gest��o de emerg��ncia

Disserta����o para obten����o do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gest��o Industrial

The use of analytical hierarchy process in spatial decision support system for land use management

Geographic information systems give us the possibility to analyze, produce, and edit geographic information. Furthermore, these systems fall short on the analysis and support of complex spatial problems. Therefore, when a spatial problem, like land use management, requires a multi-criteria perspective, multi-criteria decision analysis is placed into spatial decision support systems. The analytic hierarchy process is one of many multi-criteria decision analysis methods that can be used to support these complex problems. Using its capabilities we try to develop a spatial decision support system, to help land use management. Land use management can undertake a broad spectrum of spatial decision problems. The developed decision support system had to accept as input, various formats and types of data, raster or vector format, and the vector could be polygon line or point type. The support system was designed to perform its analysis for the Zambezi river Valley in Mozambique, the study area. The possible solutions for the emerging problems had to cover the entire region. This required the system to process large sets of data, and constantly adjust to new problems��� needs. The developed decision support system, is able to process thousands of alternatives using the analytical hierarchy process, and produce an output suitability map for the problems faced.

Estudo s��cio-ecol��gico sobre tr��fico de seres humanos para fins de explora����o laboral na regi��o do Alentejo : an��lise espacial e estat��stica

O presente relat��rio, inserido no Mestrado em Gest��o do Territ��rio, ��rea de Especializa����o em Dete����o Remota e Sistemas de Informa����o Geogr��fica, lecionado pelo Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional da Faculdade de Ci��ncias Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, pretende descrever o trabalho desenvolvido pelo mestrando enquanto estagi��rio no Observat��rio do Tr��fico de Seres Humanos (OTSH). O relat��rio est�� estruturado em tr��s cap��tulos distintos. No primeiro cap��tulo �� realizada uma abordagem te��rica sobre o Tr��fico de Seres Humanos e a distin����o entre o mesmo com o Aux��lio �� Imigra����o Ilegal. Neste, �� tamb��m feita uma pequena refer��ncia �� problem��tica dos novos fluxos de refugiados/migrantes que, no momento da realiza����o do mesmo, constituem uma quest��o bastante complexa sobretudo ao n��vel europeu. No segundo cap��tulo �� realizada uma caracteriza����o da ��rea de estudo, assim como a descri����o dos dados utilizados e a metodologia aplicada no mesmo. No terceiro cap��tulo s��o apresentados os resultados finais do estudo e a cartografia de s��ntese que sustenta os mesmos. Para a realiza����o deste estudo recorreu-se a uma an��lise multicrit��rio em SIG para prever a localiza����o de ��reas de maior suscetibilidade de ocorr��ncia de novos casos relativos ao crime do tr��fico de seres humanos para explora����o laboral na agricultura, na regi��o do Alentejo (distritos de Beja, ��vora e Portalegre), atrav��s do recurso a dados estat��sticos disponibilizados tanto pelo OTSH, como por outras entidades. A metodologia apresentada integra um SIG baseado num modelo raster com o Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Atrav��s da realiza����o deste estudo, a import��ncia dos SIG como ferramenta no aux��lio ao processo de tomada de decis��o, p��de ser testada, conjuntamente com o processo metodol��gico AHP, atrav��s dos resultados apresentados. Com um poss��vel desenvolvimento deste modelo anal��tico, pretende-se que o mesmo seja adapt��vel a outras regi��es e em ��ltima inst��ncia, outros tipos de explora����o e/ou tr��fico.

Intelligent decision support systems for collaboration in industrial plants

Disserta����o apresentada para obten����o do Grau de Doutor em Sistemas de Informa����o Industriais, Engenharia Electrot��cnica, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ci��ncias e Tecnologia

An��lise multicrit��rio em Sistema de Informa����o Geogr��fica para localiza����o de aterros sanit��rios. O caso da regi��o sul da Ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde

Disserta����o apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necess��rios �� obten����o do grau de Mestre em Gest��o do Territ��rio, ��rea de Especializa����o em Detec����o Remota e Sistema de Informa����o Geogr��fica

Selec����o de fornecedores utilizando o m��todo anal��tico hier��rquico (AHP) e a an��lise de risco de fornecimento na ind��stria farmac��utica: caso de estudo

Disserta����o para a obten����o de Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gest��o Industrial

A system���s approach to cache hierarchy-aware decomposition of data-parallel computations

Disserta����o para obten����o do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Inform��tica

Prospective system analysis of stationary battery systems under the frame of Constructive Technology Assessment

Based on the report for the unit ���Project IV��� of the PhD programme on Technology Assessment under the supervision of Dr.-Ing. Marcel Weil and Prof. Dr. Ant��nio Brand��o Moniz. The report was presented and discussed at the Doctorate Conference on Technologogy Assessment in July 2013 at the University Nova Lisboa, Caparica campus.

Comuns: An Open-Data Provider, Explorer and Analytic Toolbox Based on FOSS

Cont��m resumo

Environmental quality of life index incorporationg MCA & GIS : case study Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

The study of Quality of Life (Qol) has been conducted on various scales throughout the years with focus on assessing overall quality of living amongst citizens. The main focus in these studies have been on economic factors, with the purpose of creating a Quality of Life Index (QLI).When it comes down to narrowing the focus to the environment and factors like Urban Green Spaces (UGS) and air quality the topic gets more focused on pointing out how each alternative meets this certain criteria. With the benefits of UGS and a healthy environment in focus a new Environmental Quality of Life Index (EQLI) will be proposed by incorporating Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Working with MCA on complex environmental problems and incorporating it with GIS is a challenging but rewarding task, and has proven to be an efficient approach among environmental scientists. Background information on three MCA methods will be shown: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Regime Analysis and PROMETHEE. A survey based on a previous study conducted on the status of UGS within European cities was sent to 18 municipalities in the study area. The survey consists of evaluating the current status of UGS as well as planning and management of UGS with in municipalities for the purpose of getting criteria material for the selected MCA method. The current situation of UGS is assessed with use of GIS software and change detection is done on a 10 year period using NDVI index for comparison purposes to one of the criteria in the MCA. To add to the criteria, interpolation of nitrogen dioxide levels was performed with ordinary kriging and the results transformed into indicator values. The final outcome is an EQLI map with indicators of environmentally attractive municipalities with ranking based on predefinedMCA criteria using PROMETHEE I pairwise comparison and PROMETHEE II complete ranking of alternatives. The proposed methodology is applied to Lisbon���s Metropolitan Area, Portugal.

Modela����o de um sistema de alarme s��smico para a Peninsula Ib��rica

Modelou-se um Sistema de Alarme S��smico para a Pen��nsula Ib��rica que, em fun����o da situa����o s��smica dada, permite determinar o Grau de Alarme S��smico, para uma regi��o, durante um determinado horizonte temporal.Utilizaram-se dois precursores s��smicos: ��� as condi����es iniciais do modelo de simula����o utilizado para gerar o processo de ocorr��ncias s��smicas na Pen��nsula Ib��rica, que corresponde ao passado s��smico recente; ��� a Sismicidade Local, ou seja o n��mero de ocorr��ncias s��smicas de qualquermagnitude, registadas na regi��o em estudo, durante um per��odo de tempo. Com base na Teoria dos Conjuntos Vagos, determinou-se o grau de alarme relativo a cada um dos precursores utilizados. A m��dia pesada dos valores de grau de alarme origina o Grau deAlarme S��smico. Os ���pesos��� envolvidos nessa m��dia foram obtidos com recurso �� metodologia AHP, tomando como crit��rios, as percentagens de sismos previstos (ou de falhas), falsos alarmes e tempo de alarme.O Sistema desenvolvido foi calibrado com base em 12 situa����es s��smicas reais ocorridas naPen��nsula Ib��rica.

Democratic dialogue and collective learning in the context of self-managed teams

This paper provides a longitudinal, empirical view of the multifaceted and reciprocal processes of organizational learning in a context of self-managed teams. Organizational learning is seen as a social construction between people and actions in a work setting. The notion of learning as situated (Brown & Duguid 1989, Lave& Wenger 1991, Gherardi & al. 1998, Easterby-Smith & Araujo 1999, Abma 2003) opens up the possibility for placing the focus of research on learning in the community rather than in individual learning processes. Further, in studying processes in their social context, we cannot avoid taking power relations into consideration (Contu & Willmott 2003). The study is based on an action research with a methodology close to the ���democratic dialogue��� presented by Gustavsen (2001). This gives a ground for research into how the learning discourse developed in the case study organization over a period of 5 years, during which time the company abandoned a middle management level of hierarchy and the teams had to figure out how to work as self-managed units. This paper discusses the (re)construction of power relations and its role in organizational learning. Power relations are discussed both in vertical and horizontal work relations. A special emphasis is placed on the dialectic between managerial aims and the space for reflection on the side of employees. I argue that learning is crucial in the search for the limits for empowerment and that these limits are negotiated both in actions and speech. This study unfolds a purpose-oriented learning process, constructing an open dialogue, and describes a favourable context for creative, knowledge building communities.

Automatic learning for the classification of chemical reactions and in statistical thermodynamics

This Thesis describes the application of automatic learning methods for a) the classification of organic and metabolic reactions, and b) the mapping of Potential Energy Surfaces(PES). The classification of reactions was approached with two distinct methodologies: a representation of chemical reactions based on NMR data, and a representation of chemical reactions from the reaction equation based on the physico-chemical and topological features of chemical bonds. NMR-based classification of photochemical and enzymatic reactions. Photochemical and metabolic reactions were classified by Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps (Kohonen SOMs) and Random Forests (RFs) taking as input the difference between the 1H NMR spectra of the products and the reactants. The development of such a representation can be applied in automatic analysis of changes in the 1H NMR spectrum of a mixture and their interpretation in terms of the chemical reactions taking place. Examples of possible applications are the monitoring of reaction processes, evaluation of the stability of chemicals, or even the interpretation of metabonomic data. A Kohonen SOM trained with a data set of metabolic reactions catalysed by transferases was able to correctly classify 75% of an independent test set in terms of the EC number subclass. Random Forests improved the correct predictions to 79%. With photochemical reactions classified into 7 groups, an independent test set was classified with 86-93% accuracy. The data set of photochemical reactions was also used to simulate mixtures with two reactions occurring simultaneously. Kohonen SOMs and Feed-Forward Neural Networks (FFNNs) were trained to classify the reactions occurring in a mixture based on the 1H NMR spectra of the products and reactants. Kohonen SOMs allowed the correct assignment of 53-63% of the mixtures (in a test set). Counter-Propagation Neural Networks (CPNNs) gave origin to similar results. The use of supervised learning techniques allowed an improvement in the results. They were improved to 77% of correct assignments when an ensemble of ten FFNNs were used and to 80% when Random Forests were used. This study was performed with NMR data simulated from the molecular structure by the SPINUS program. In the design of one test set, simulated data was combined with experimental data. The results support the proposal of linking databases of chemical reactions to experimental or simulated NMR data for automatic classification of reactions and mixtures of reactions. Genome-scale classification of enzymatic reactions from their reaction equation. The MOLMAP descriptor relies on a Kohonen SOM that defines types of bonds on the basis of their physico-chemical and topological properties. The MOLMAP descriptor of a molecule represents the types of bonds available in that molecule. The MOLMAP descriptor of a reaction is defined as the difference between the MOLMAPs of the products and the reactants, and numerically encodes the pattern of bonds that are broken, changed, and made during a chemical reaction. The automatic perception of chemical similarities between metabolic reactions is required for a variety of applications ranging from the computer validation of classification systems, genome-scale reconstruction (or comparison) of metabolic pathways, to the classification of enzymatic mechanisms. Catalytic functions of proteins are generally described by the EC numbers that are simultaneously employed as identifiers of reactions, enzymes, and enzyme genes, thus linking metabolic and genomic information. Different methods should be available to automatically compare metabolic reactions and for the automatic assignment of EC numbers to reactions still not officially classified. In this study, the genome-scale data set of enzymatic reactions available in the KEGG database was encoded by the MOLMAP descriptors, and was submitted to Kohonen SOMs to compare the resulting map with the official EC number classification, to explore the possibility of predicting EC numbers from the reaction equation, and to assess the internal consistency of the EC classification at the class level. A general agreement with the EC classification was observed, i.e. a relationship between the similarity of MOLMAPs and the similarity of EC numbers. At the same time, MOLMAPs were able to discriminate between EC sub-subclasses. EC numbers could be assigned at the class, subclass, and sub-subclass levels with accuracies up to 92%, 80%, and 70% for independent test sets. The correspondence between chemical similarity of metabolic reactions and their MOLMAP descriptors was applied to the identification of a number of reactions mapped into the same neuron but belonging to different EC classes, which demonstrated the ability of the MOLMAP/SOM approach to verify the internal consistency of classifications in databases of metabolic reactions. RFs were also used to assign the four levels of the EC hierarchy from the reaction equation. EC numbers were correctly assigned in 95%, 90%, 85% and 86% of the cases (for independent test sets) at the class, subclass, sub-subclass and full EC number level,respectively. Experiments for the classification of reactions from the main reactants and products were performed with RFs - EC numbers were assigned at the class, subclass and sub-subclass level with accuracies of 78%, 74% and 63%, respectively. In the course of the experiments with metabolic reactions we suggested that the MOLMAP / SOM concept could be extended to the representation of other levels of metabolic information such as metabolic pathways. Following the MOLMAP idea, the pattern of neurons activated by the reactions of a metabolic pathway is a representation of the reactions involved in that pathway - a descriptor of the metabolic pathway. This reasoning enabled the comparison of different pathways, the automatic classification of pathways, and a classification of organisms based on their biochemical machinery. The three levels of classification (from bonds to metabolic pathways) allowed to map and perceive chemical similarities between metabolic pathways even for pathways of different types of metabolism and pathways that do not share similarities in terms of EC numbers. Mapping of PES by neural networks (NNs). In a first series of experiments, ensembles of Feed-Forward NNs (EnsFFNNs) and Associative Neural Networks (ASNNs) were trained to reproduce PES represented by the Lennard-Jones (LJ) analytical potential function. The accuracy of the method was assessed by comparing the results of molecular dynamics simulations (thermal, structural, and dynamic properties) obtained from the NNs-PES and from the LJ function. The results indicated that for LJ-type potentials, NNs can be trained to generate accurate PES to be used in molecular simulations. EnsFFNNs and ASNNs gave better results than single FFNNs. A remarkable ability of the NNs models to interpolate between distant curves and accurately reproduce potentials to be used in molecular simulations is shown. The purpose of the first study was to systematically analyse the accuracy of different NNs. Our main motivation, however, is reflected in the next study: the mapping of multidimensional PES by NNs to simulate, by Molecular Dynamics or Monte Carlo, the adsorption and self-assembly of solvated organic molecules on noble-metal electrodes. Indeed, for such complex and heterogeneous systems the development of suitable analytical functions that fit quantum mechanical interaction energies is a non-trivial or even impossible task. The data consisted of energy values, from Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, at different distances, for several molecular orientations and three electrode adsorption sites. The results indicate that NNs require a data set large enough to cover well the diversity of possible interaction sites, distances, and orientations. NNs trained with such data sets can perform equally well or even better than analytical functions. Therefore, they can be used in molecular simulations, particularly for the ethanol/Au (111) interface which is the case studied in the present Thesis. Once properly trained, the networks are able to produce, as output, any required number of energy points for accurate interpolations.