O contrato de prestação de serviços de fornecimento de água

The theme of thid thesis is the water supply services contract. The texto starts with an analysis of the service, aimed at clarifying what is the system organization and the principles applicable to this essential public service. Then the water supply services contract is analyzed according to the law on essential public services. Subsequently, connections are established with other applicable laws and the differing doctrinal and jurisprudential perspectives are presented. The thesis ends with an outlook on the dispute resolution mechanisms at the users’ disposal.

As conversas informais na reconstituição

The theme of thid thesis is the water supply services contract. The texto starts with an analysis of the service, aimed at clarifying what is the system organization and the principles applicable to this essential public service. Then the water supply services contract is analyzed according to the law on essential public services. Subsequently, connections are established with other applicable laws and the differing doctrinal and jurisprudential perspectives are presented. The thesis ends with an outlook on the dispute resolution mechanisms at the users’ disposal.

Contratos de prestação de serviços de comunicações electrónicas

The object of this dissertation is the analysis of the legal framework applicable to contracts for provision of electronic communications services, while trying to offer solutions to some of the issues regarding this matter. The main focus of this study will be the rules concerning service’s suspension, which have been recently amended. The technological development and the establishment of these services as information transmitters and work tools were noteworthy for its growing importance at the present time. These services include cable television, telephone (landline and mobile) and internet and they are regulated by Law nr 23/96, July 26th, along with other essential public services. Said law sets a group of principles and duties, such as good faith (article 3), continuity and quality of the service (article 7) and the duty to rightfully inform the user (article 4), in order to protect the users. For the analysis of legal framework applicable to these particular contracts it is also fundamental to mention Law nr 5/2004, February 10th, known as Electronic Communications Law. The provisions regarding the service’s suspension are currently prescribed in articles 52.º and 52.º-A of the law. Given the amendments introduced by Law nr 10/2013, January 28th, consumers are subjected to a regulation different from the one applicable to the other users, established in the new article 52.º-A. From our analysis, we have concluded that the main change from past provisions has to do with the automatic termination of the contract as consequence of the consumer’s failure to pay the price or to conclude a written payment arrangement after service’s suspension.

The state of environmental performance evaluation in the public sector: the case of the Portuguese defence sector

Journal of Cleaner Production, nº 17, p. 36-52

Environmental performance policy indicators for the public sector: The case of the defence sector

Journal of Environmental Management, nº 82 p. 410–432

Consumer satisfaction with water, wastewater and waste services in Portugal

While the concept of consumer satisfaction is a central topic in modern marketing theory and practice, citizens' satisfaction with public services, and especially water and waste services, is a eld that still remains empirically rather unexplored. The following study aims to contribute to this area by analysing the determinants of user satisfaction in the water, wastewater and waste sector in Portugal, using a unique survey of 1070 consumers undertaken by the Portuguese Water and Waste Regulator ERSAR. I perform an analysis of the relation between overall service satisfaction and attributespeci c service satisfaction with an ordered logit model. I then explore if subjective consumer satisfaction can be re ected by ERSAR's technical performance indicators. The results suggest that overall consumer satisfaction is driven by consumer's satisfaction with speci c service aspects but unrelated to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Furthermore, I show that there is no monotonic association between ERSAR's technical performance indicators and consumers' levels of satisfaction.

Sofisticação e disponibilidade total dos serviços On-Line da segurança social

Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gestão de Informação

Serviços públicos em diferentes contextos territoriais: (re)organização das redes e relações com os sistemas urbanos

A presença de serviços públicos nos aglomerados populacionais suscita diferentes arti-culações e rearranjos socioterritoriais e promove a sua dinamização e especialização, fomenta a economia local e contribui, direta e indiretamente, para a coesão, o desen-volvimento, a atratividade, a competitividade e a resiliência dos territórios. Nas últimas décadas, as lógicas da oferta e da procura dos serviços públicos têm evoluído rapida-mente, passando de um modelo de gestão fechado e burocrático, para um modelo mais aberto, diversificado, simplificado e participativo. Com elas, surgiram (novos) de-safios na sua gestão, que vão desde a sua sustentabilidade económica até aos impac-tos sociais e territoriais resultantes da modernização, sem esquecer a maior (e cres-cente) exigência do cidadão. Estas mutações têm repercussões na filosofia da sua or-ganização e no modus operandi, com uma crescente orientação para as necessidades da procura e a satisfação do utente, procurando, em simultâneo, reduzir os custos e aumentar a produtividade e a qualidade dos serviços prestados, com base em políticas de inovação e em parcerias e governação em rede. Na prática, estas alterações condu-zem a processos diferenciados, que têm passado pela fusão, reconversão ou mesmo encerramento de serviços públicos. Num contexto de crise económico-financeira, como o que se vive em Portugal, e aten-dendo às mutações ocorridas na oferta e na procura de serviços públicos de educação, saúde, eventos de vida, defesa e segurança e justiça, importa refletir sobre os concei-tos inerentes a estes serviços e sintetizar as principais dinâmicas nesse período de tempo, tendo como pressupostos que, por um lado, o território é um elemento dife-renciador na prestação e na utilização de serviços e que, por outro lado, estes serviços, pela sua natureza estratégica para a sociedade e para a economia, exigem a definição de políticas e de estratégias territoriais consentâneas e inclusivas. Esta investigação centra a sua análise em dois âmbitos geográficos. Numa primeira fa-se, à escala de Portugal continental, onde se obtém um retrato atual da espacialização dos serviços públicos referidos acima. Em seguida, após a criação de uma metodologia inovadora baseada em análises e modelação de informação geográfica para a tipifica-ção dos diferentes tipos de territórios, são identificados três casos de estudo regionais, com características distintas. Assim, são estudados territórios metropolita-nos/densamente urbanizados (constituídos pelos concelhos de Lisboa, Almada, Seixal, Palmela, Sesimbra e Setúbal), eixo urbano-rural (Évora, Portel, Viana do Alentejo, Vidi-gueira, Cuba e Beja) e territórios profundamente rurais (Barrancos, Moura, Serpa e Mértola), para os quais foi realizado um inquérito à população, com o objetivo de compreender a utilização que fazem dos serviços públicos e quais as suas expetativas em relação aos mesmos. Os resultados obtidos para as análises nacional e regionais são acompanhados por uma reflexão sobre a territorialização das políticas de serviços públicos, as quais incidem em matérias relacionadas com o seu planeamento e, sobre-tudo, com a sua gestão.

Decentralization and privatization in Portuguese health reforms

ABSTRACT - The Portuguese National Health Service (SNS), a universal, centralized and public owned health care system, exhibits an extraordinary record of equalization in the access to health care and health gains in the late thirty years. However, the most recent history of the Portuguese health reform is pervaded by the influence of decentralization and privatization. Decentralization has been present in the system design since the 1976 Constitution, at least in theory. Private ownership of health care suppliers and out-ofpocket expenditures, on the financing side, both have a long tradition of relevance in the NHS mix of services. The initial aim of this study was to demonstrate expected parallelism between health reforms and public administration reforms, where a common pattern of joint decentralization and privatization was observed in many countries. Observers would be tempted to consider these two movements as common signs of new public management (NPM) developments. They have common objectives, are established around the core concepts of gains in effectiveness, efficiency, equity and quality of public services, through improved accountability. However, in practice, in Portugal, each movement was developed in a totally separated way. Besides those rooted in the NPM theory, there are few visible signs of association between decentralization and privatization. Decentralization, in the Portuguese SNS, was never intended to be followed by a privatization movement; it was seen merely as a public administration tool. Private management of health services, as stated in the most recent SNS legislation, was never intended to have decentralization as a condition or as a consequence. Paradoxically, in the Portuguese context, it has led invariably to centralized control. While presented as separate instruments for a common purpose, the association between decentralization and privatization still lacks a convincing demonstration. Many common health care management stereotypes remain to be checked out if we want to look for eventual associations between these two organizational tools.

A liberalização do mercado energético e o papel das entidades reguladoras

The liberalisation of the energy market goes back to the 1990s, when it was impelled by the European legislator. Since then, three legislative packages, temporarily successive, were approved. Those packages contained the measures to be implemented in order to deepen the internal energy market. Besides the opening up of several national markets to competition, the European legislator aimed the creation of a real internal energy market within the European Union. The unbundling regime was one of the most important steps with respect to the liberalisation process. The introduction of these rules ensured independence to the various market operators. A real and effective right of choice was granted to the consumers so they may choose their electricity and natural gas supplier. Therefore, the activity of comercialisation is subject to competition. However, some activities of the electricity’s and natural gas’ chain of value, namely the activities of transportation and distribution, were kept under regulation rules. Even though it may seem odd, the assignment of important competences and strong powers to a regulatory authority was essential in order to achieve the liberalisation process’ goals. Electricity and natural gas are essential public goods; therefore the market operators are legally bound to public service obligations, such as the security, the universality and the continuity of the supply. The performance of these obligations may become, in some cases, unprofitable for those operators. For such reason, the protection of the consumers’ rights shall only be properly defended if there is a regulatory authority that monitors the behaviour of the operators and sanctions the failure to comply with the public service obligations. Portugal, as a Member State of the European Union, transposed into the national legal order the European directives concerning the liberalisation process. This transposition has caused radical changes to the electricity and natural gas’ national markets. The Entidade Reguladora dos Serviços Energéticos also suffered various mutations in order to keep up with the regulatory demands regarding the liberalisation process.