49 resultados para Numerical linear algebra
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15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, Malta
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Void formation during the injection phase of the liquid composite molding process can be explained as a consequence of the non-uniformity of the flow front progression. This is due to the dual porosity within the fiber perform (spacing between the fiber tows is much larger than between the fibers within in a tow) and therefore the best explanation can be provided by a mesolevel analysis, where the characteristic dimension is given by the fiber tow diameter of the order of millimeters. In mesolevel analysis, liquid impregnation along two different scales; inside fiber tows and within the open spaces between the fiber tows must be considered and the coupling between the flow regimes must be addressed. In such cases, it is extremely important to account correctly for the surface tension effects, which can be modeled as capillary pressure applied at the flow front. Numerical implementation of such boundary conditions leads to illposing of the problem, in terms of the weak classical as well as stabilized formulation. As a consequence, there is an error in mass conservation accumulated especially along the free flow front. A numerical procedure was formulated and is implemented in an existing Free Boundary Program to reduce this error significantly.
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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management 163 Issue WM6
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RESUMO: Introdução/Objectivo: A influência dos factores psicossociais, e nomeadamente da catastrofização da dor, na percepção da intensidade da dor e na incapacidade funcional, auto-reportada por indivíduos com dor crónica cervical (DCC), tem sido alvo de estudo em vários países, evidenciando o constructo multidimensional da DCC. Neste sentido, esta investigação pretende estudar se a catastrofização da dor, é uma variável preditiva relativamente à percepção da intensidade da dor, e à incapacidade funcional. Secundariamente procurou-se averiguar se as relações encontradas se mantêm estáveis antes e após exposição a uma intervenção em fisioterapia. Metodologia: Neste estudo participaram 40 indivíduos com DCC de origem músculo-esquelética e causa não traumática, que foram expostos a uma intervenção em fisioterapia no Centro de Medicina de Reabilitação do Alcoitão e na Clinica AlcaisFisio, que cumpriram os critérios de inclusão e aceitarem participar livremente no mesmo. A recolha de dados realizou-se em dois momentos distintos, antes e após exposição à intervenção em fisioterapia. A catastrofização da dor foi avaliada por meio da Escala de Catastrofização da Dor (PCS), a intensidade da dor pela Escala Numérica da Dor (END), sendo realizada a medição da incapacidade funcional através do Neck Disability Index versão Portuguesa (NDI-PT). A análise estatística incluiu duas fases: fase descritiva e fase inferencial. Foram desenvolvidos modelos de regressão linear com vista a testar o poder preditivo da catastrofização da dor sobre a intensidade da dor e a incapacidade funcional. O nível de significância para o qual os valores se consideraram satisfatórios foi de p<0,05. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado no software PASW versão 18. Resultados: Observou-se que existe uma relação moderada, positiva e significativa, nos dois momentos de avaliação, entre a catastrofização da dor e a percepção da intensidade da dor (p<0,001), apresentando um poder preditivo de 27,9% e 46,7%, das pontuações da intensidade da dor, antes e após exposição à intervenção em fisioterapia, espectivamente. Observou-se que a catastrofização da dor tem uma relação forte, positiva e significativa com a incapacidade funcional, nos dois momentos de avaliação (p<0,001), predizendo 51,8% e 61,8%, das pontuações da incapacidade funcional, antes e após exposição à intervenção em fisioterapia, respectivamente. Conclusão: A catastrofização da dor é um factor psicossocial que apresenta relação moderada com a percepção da intensidade da dor, e forte com a incapacidade funcional auto-reportada por indivíduos com DCC de origem músculo-esquelética e causa não traumática, antes e após exposição à intervenção em fisioterapia. Os resultados do estudo sugerem, assim, uma importante influência da catastrofização da dor sobre a percepção da intensidade da dor e a incapacidade funcional em indivíduos com DCC, realçando o constructo multidimensional da DCC. ------------ABSTRACT: Background and Purpose: The influence of psychosocial factors, particularly, the pain catastrophizing, on pain intensity and functional disability in individuals with chronic neck pain (CNP) has been report among recent research literature. The first aim of this research was to verify the predictive value of pain catastrophizing on pain intensity and patient’s functional disability. Secondly it aimed to verify the stability of these relations before and after a physiotherapy treatment. Methodology: A sample of 40 subjects with CNP of musculoskeletal and non-traumatic causes was recruited from the patient’s list of two private clinics in Lisbon district following verification of the inclusion criteria. All participants agree to participate in the study and signed a consent form. Data was collected immediately before and after a period of physiotherapy treatment. Pain catastrophizing was assessed by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-PT), patient perception of pain intensity was measured by the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and functional disability was measured through the Neck Disability Index (NDI-PT). Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Linear regression models were developed in order to test the predictive power of pain catastrophizing on pain intensity and functional disability. The minimal level of significance established was p<0,05. Data analysis was performed using the software PASW version 18. Results: A positive moderate relationship between pain catastrophizing and pain intensity was founded in both moments, before and after physiotherapy intervention, of data collection (p<0,001) with a predictive power of 27,9% and 46,7%, respectively. A positive strong relationship between pain catastrophizing and functional disability was founded in both moments, before and after physiotherapy intervention, of data collection (p<0,001), with a predictive power of 51,8% and 61,8%, respectively. Conclusion: Pain catastrophizing is a psychosocial factor that is correlated moderately with the perception of pain intensity and strongly with self-reported functionaldisability for individuals with CNP musculoskeletal origin and non-traumatic causes,before and after a physiotherapy intervention. The results of this study suggest that pain catastrophizing has an important influence on the report levels of pain intensity and functional disability in CNP patients. These results also emphasize the multidimensional nature of chronic neck pain.
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The aim of this contribution is to extend the techniques of composite materials design to non-linear material behaviour and apply it for design of new materials for passive vibration control. As a first step a computational tool allowing determination of macroscopic optimized one-dimensional isolator behaviour was developed. Voigt, Maxwell, standard and more complex material models can be implemented. Objective function considers minimization of the initial reaction and/or displacement peak as well as minimization of the steady-state amplitude of reaction and/or displacement. The complex stiffness approach is used to formulate the governing equations in an efficient way. Material stiffness parameters are assumed as non-linear functions of the displacement. The numerical solution is performed in the complex space. The steady-state solution in the complex space is obtained by an iterative process based on the shooting method which imposes the conditions of periodicity with respect to the known value of the period. Extension of the shooting method to the complex space is presented and verified. Non-linear behaviour of material parameters is then optimized by generic probabilistic meta-algorithm, simulated annealing. Dependence of the global optimum on several combinations of leading parameters of the simulated annealing procedure, like neighbourhood definition and annealing schedule, is also studied and analyzed. Procedure is programmed in MATLAB environment.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil - Perfil Estruturas
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores
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The last three decades have seen quite dramatic changes the way we modeled time dependent data. Linear processes have been in the center stage in modeling time series. As far as the second order properties are concerned, the theory and the methodology are very adequate.However, there are more and more evidences that linear models are not sufficiently flexible and rich enough for modeling purposes and that failure to account for non-linearities can be very misleading and have undesired consequences.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e Computadores
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente, perfil Engenharia Sanitária
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Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Engenharia Civil