Terminology and knowledge engineering conference. New frontiers in the constructive symbiosis of terminology and knowledge engineering

To meet the increasing demands of the complex inter-organizational processes and the demand for continuous innovation and internationalization, it is evident that new forms of organisation are being adopted, fostering more intensive collaboration processes and sharing of resources, in what can be called collaborative networks (Camarinha-Matos, 2006:03). Information and knowledge are crucial resources in collaborative networks, being their management fundamental processes to optimize. Knowledge organisation and collaboration systems are thus important instruments for the success of collaborative networks of organisations having been researched in the last decade in the areas of computer science, information science, management sciences, terminology and linguistics. Nevertheless, research in this area didn’t give much attention to multilingual contexts of collaboration, which pose specific and challenging problems. It is then clear that access to and representation of knowledge will happen more and more on a multilingual setting which implies the overcoming of difficulties inherent to the presence of multiple languages, through the use of processes like localization of ontologies. Although localization, like other processes that involve multilingualism, is a rather well-developed practice and its methodologies and tools fruitfully employed by the language industry in the development and adaptation of multilingual content, it has not yet been sufficiently explored as an element of support to the development of knowledge representations - in particular ontologies - expressed in more than one language. Multilingual knowledge representation is then an open research area calling for cross-contributions from knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences. This workshop joined researchers interested in multilingual knowledge representation, in a multidisciplinary environment to debate the possibilities of cross-fertilization between knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences applied to contexts where multilingualism continuously creates new and demanding challenges to current knowledge representation methods and techniques. In this workshop six papers dealing with different approaches to multilingual knowledge representation are presented, most of them describing tools, approaches and results obtained in the development of ongoing projects. In the first case, Andrés Domínguez Burgos, Koen Kerremansa and Rita Temmerman present a software module that is part of a workbench for terminological and ontological mining, Termontospider, a wiki crawler that aims at optimally traverse Wikipedia in search of domainspecific texts for extracting terminological and ontological information. The crawler is part of a tool suite for automatically developing multilingual termontological databases, i.e. ontologicallyunderpinned multilingual terminological databases. In this paper the authors describe the basic principles behind the crawler and summarized the research setting in which the tool is currently tested. In the second paper, Fumiko Kano presents a work comparing four feature-based similarity measures derived from cognitive sciences. The purpose of the comparative analysis presented by the author is to verify the potentially most effective model that can be applied for mapping independent ontologies in a culturally influenced domain. For that, datasets based on standardized pre-defined feature dimensions and values, which are obtainable from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) have been used for the comparative analysis of the similarity measures. The purpose of the comparison is to verify the similarity measures based on the objectively developed datasets. According to the author the results demonstrate that the Bayesian Model of Generalization provides for the most effective cognitive model for identifying the most similar corresponding concepts existing for a targeted socio-cultural community. In another presentation, Thierry Declerck, Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Dagmar Gromann present an ongoing work and propose an approach to automatic extraction of information from multilingual financial Web resources, to provide candidate terms for building ontology elements or instances of ontology concepts. The authors present a complementary approach to the direct localization/translation of ontology labels, by acquiring terminologies through the access and harvesting of multilingual Web presences of structured information providers in the field of finance, leading to both the detection of candidate terms in various multilingual sources in the financial domain that can be used not only as labels of ontology classes and properties but also for the possible generation of (multilingual) domain ontologies themselves. In the next paper, Manuel Silva, António Lucas Soares and Rute Costa claim that despite the availability of tools, resources and techniques aimed at the construction of ontological artifacts, developing a shared conceptualization of a given reality still raises questions about the principles and methods that support the initial phases of conceptualization. These questions become, according to the authors, more complex when the conceptualization occurs in a multilingual setting. To tackle these issues the authors present a collaborative platform – conceptME - where terminological and knowledge representation processes support domain experts throughout a conceptualization framework, allowing the inclusion of multilingual data as a way to promote knowledge sharing and enhance conceptualization and support a multilingual ontology specification. In another presentation Frieda Steurs and Hendrik J. Kockaert present us TermWise, a large project dealing with legal terminology and phraseology for the Belgian public services, i.e. the translation office of the ministry of justice, a project which aims at developing an advanced tool including expert knowledge in the algorithms that extract specialized language from textual data (legal documents) and whose outcome is a knowledge database including Dutch/French equivalents for legal concepts, enriched with the phraseology related to the terms under discussion. Finally, Deborah Grbac, Luca Losito, Andrea Sada and Paolo Sirito report on the preliminary results of a pilot project currently ongoing at UCSC Central Library, where they propose to adapt to subject librarians, employed in large and multilingual Academic Institutions, the model used by translators working within European Union Institutions. The authors are using User Experience (UX) Analysis in order to provide subject librarians with a visual support, by means of “ontology tables” depicting conceptual linking and connections of words with concepts presented according to their semantic and linguistic meaning. The organizers hope that the selection of papers presented here will be of interest to a broad audience, and will be a starting point for further discussion and cooperation.

Sous-titrage de documentaire sur la capoeira

Trabalho de Projeto Apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Tradução e Interpretação Especializadas, sob orientação da professora Doutora Isabelle Tulekian Lopes e do professor Doutor Manuel Moreira da Silva

Towards a unified European electricity market: The contribution of data-mining to support realistic simulation studies

Worldwide electricity markets have been evolving into regional and even continental scales. The aim at an efficient use of renewable based generation in places where it exceeds the local needs is one of the main reasons. A reference case of this evolution is the European Electricity Market, where countries are connected, and several regional markets were created, each one grouping several countries, and supporting transactions of huge amounts of electrical energy. The continuous transformations electricity markets have been experiencing over the years create the need to use simulation platforms to support operators, regulators, and involved players for understanding and dealing with this complex environment. This paper focuses on demonstrating the advantage that real electricity markets data has for the creation of realistic simulation scenarios, which allow the study of the impacts and implications that electricity markets transformations will bring to the participant countries. A case study using MASCEM (Multi-Agent System for Competitive Electricity Markets) is presented, with a scenario based on real data, simulating the European Electricity Market environment, and comparing its performance when using several different market mechanisms.

Realistic Multi-Agent Simulation of Competitive Electricity Markets

The dynamism and ongoing changes that the electricity markets sector is constantly suffering, enhanced by the huge increase in competitiveness, create the need of using simulation platforms to support operators, regulators, and the involved players in understanding and dealing with this complex environment. This paper presents an enhanced electricity market simulator, based on multi-agent technology, which provides an advanced simulation framework for the study of real electricity markets operation, and the interactions between the involved players. MASCEM (Multi-Agent Simulator of Competitive Electricity Markets) uses real data for the creation of realistic simulation scenarios, which allow the study of the impacts and implications that electricity markets transformations bring to different countries. Also, the development of an upper-ontology to support the communication between participating agents, provides the means for the integration of this simulator with other frameworks, such as MAN-REM (Multi-Agent Negotiation and Risk Management in Electricity Markets). A case study using the enhanced simulation platform that results from the integration of several systems and different tools is presented, with a scenario based on real data, simulating the MIBEL electricity market environment, and comparing the simulation performance with the real electricity market results.

Distributed Intelligent Management of Microgrids using a Multi-Agent Simulation Platform

Multi-agent approaches have been widely used to model complex systems of distributed nature with a large amount of interactions between the involved entities. Power systems are a reference case, mainly due to the increasing use of distributed energy sources, largely based on renewable sources, which have potentiated huge changes in the power systems’ sector. Dealing with such a large scale integration of intermittent generation sources led to the emergence of several new players, as well as the development of new paradigms, such as the microgrid concept, and the evolution of demand response programs, which potentiate the active participation of consumers. This paper presents a multi-agent based simulation platform which models a microgrid environment, considering several different types of simulated players. These players interact with real physical installations, creating a realistic simulation environment with results that can be observed directly in the reality. A case study is presented considering players’ responses to a demand response event, resulting in an intelligent increase of consumption in order to face the wind generation surplus.

A penhora e os seus efeitos registais

Dissertação de Mestrado em Solicitadoria

Manobras de condução assistida para veículos submarinos subactuados

A intervenção humana no manuseamento de veículos submarinos operados remotamente (ROVs) é um requisito necessário para garantir o sucesso da missão e a integridade do equipamento. Contudo, a sua teleoperação não é fácil, pelo que a condução assistida destes veículos torna-se relevante. Esta dissertação propõe uma solução para este problema para ROVs de 3DOF (surge, heave e yaw). São propostas duas abordagens distintas – numa primeira propõe-se um sistema de controlo Image Based Visual Servoing (IBVS) tendo em vista a utilização exclusiva de uma câmara (sensor existente neste tipo de sistemas) por forma a melhorar significativamente a teleoperação de um pequeno ROV; na segunda, propõe-se um sistema de controlo cinemático para o plano horizontal do veículo e um algoritmo de uma manobra capaz de dotar o ROV de movimento lateral através de uma trajectória dente-de-serra. Demonstrou-se em cenários de operação real que o sistema proposto na primeira abordagem permite ao operador de um ROV com 3DOF executar tarefas de alguma complexidade (estabilização) apenas através de comandos de alto nível, melhorando assim drasticamente a teleoperação e qualidade de inspecção do veículo em questão. Foi também desenvolvido um simulador do ROV em MATLAB para validação e avaliação das manobras, onde o sistema proposto na segunda abordagem foi validado com sucesso.

Give some to get some - Analysing the relationship between worker satisfaction with human resources management and perceived individual performance in a Portuguese hospital

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between the satisfaction with HRM practices in an organization and the workers' perceived performance. We are interested in learning if indeed workers that are more satisfied with the organization’s practices will also perceive themselves as more hardworking than others, thus confirming the happy-productive worker hypothesis, from an individual perception standpoint. Data originates from a large Portuguese hospital, with a sample of 952 clinical and nonclinical hospital workers. Data was originally explored using SPSS software and later tested in AMOS software where a multiple regression model was constructed and tested. Results indicate that overall satisfaction with HRM practices are related with the workers’ perceived performance; most of the HRM satisfaction subscales also relate, except for pay and performance appraisal, that do not seem to be good predictors of the workers perceived performance. The present study is based on a single large public hospital, and thus, these findings need to be further tested in other settings. This study offers some clues regarding the areas of HRM that seem to be more related with the workers’ perceived performance, and hence provide an interesting framework for managers dealing with healthcare teams. This study contributes to the happy-productive worker hypothesis research, by including seldom used variables in the equation and taking a different perspective. Results provide new clues for investigation and practice regarding the areas of action in HRM that seem to be more prone to elicit perceived effort from the workers.

Distribuições de eventos extremos e telecomunicações

As distribuições de Lei de Potência (PL Power Laws), tais como a lei de Pareto e a lei de Zipf são distribuições estatísticas cujos tamanhos dos eventos são inversamente proporcionais à sua frequência. Estas leis de potência são caracterizadas pelas suas longas caudas. Segundo Vilfredo Pareto (1896), engenheiro, cientista, sociólogo e economista italiano, autor da Lei de Pareto, 80% das consequências advêm de 20% das causas. Segundo o mesmo, grande parte da economia mundial segue uma determinada distribuição, onde 80% da riqueza mundial é detida por 20% da população ou 80% da poluição mundial é feita por 20% dos países. Estas percentagens podem oscilar nos intervalos [75-85] e [15-25]. A mesma percentagem poderá ser aplicada à gestão de tempo, onde apenas 20% do tempo dedicado a determinado assunto produzirá cerca de 80% dos resultados obtidos. A lei de Pareto, também designada de regra 80/20, tem aplicações nas várias ciências e no mundo físico, nomeadamente na biodiversidade. O número de ocorrências de fenómenos extremos, aliados ao impacto nas redes de telecomunicações nas situações de catástrofe, no apoio imediato às populações e numa fase posterior de reconstrução, têm preocupado cada vez mais as autoridades oficiais de protecção civil e as operadoras de telecomunicações. O objectivo é o de preparar e adaptarem as suas estruturas para proporcionar uma resposta eficaz a estes episódios. Neste trabalho estuda-se o comportamento de vários fenómenos extremos (eventos críticos) e aproximam-se os dados por uma distribuição de Pareto (Lei de Pareto) ou lei de potência. No final, especula-se sobre a influência dos eventos críticos na utilização das redes móveis. É fundamental que as redes móveis estejam preparadas para lidar com as repercussões de fenómenos deste tipo.

Bases de Dados NoSQL

Com o advento da invenção do modelo relacional em 1970 por E.F.Codd, a forma como a informação era gerida numa base de dados foi totalmente revolucionada. Migrou‐se de sistemas hierárquicos baseados em ficheiros para uma base de dados relacional com tabelas relações e registos que simplificou em muito a gestão da informação e levou muitas empresas a adotarem este modelo. O que E.F.Codd não previu foi o facto de que cada vez mais a informação que uma base de dados teria de armazenar fosse de proporções gigantescas, nem que as solicitações às bases de dados fossem da mesma ordem. Tudo isto veio a acontecer com a difusão da internet que veio ligar todas as pessoas de qualquer parte do mundo que tivessem um computador. Com o número de adesões à internet a crescer, o número de sites que nela eram criados também cresceu (e ainda cresce exponencialmente). Os motores de busca que antigamente indexavam alguns sites por dia, atualmente indexam uns milhões de sites por segundo e, mais recentemente as redes sociais também estão a lidar com quantidades gigantescas de informação. Tanto os motores de busca como as redes sociais chegaram à conclusão que uma base de dados relacional não chega para gerir a enorme quantidade de informação que ambos produzem e como tal, foi necessário encontrar uma solução. Essa solução é NoSQL e é o assunto que esta tese vai tratar. O presente documento visa definir e apresentar o problema que as bases de dados relacionais têm quando lidam com grandes volumes de dados, introduzir os limites do modelo relacional que só até há bem pouco tempo começaram a ser evidenciados com o surgimento de movimentos, como o BigData, com o crescente número de sites que surgem por dia e com o elevado número de utilizadores das redes sociais. Será também ilustrada a solução adotada até ao momento pelos grandes consumidores de dados de elevado volume, como o Google e o Facebook, enunciando as suas características vantagens, desvantagens e os demais conceitos ligados ao modelo NoSQL. A presente tese tenciona ainda demonstrar que o modelo NoSQL é uma realidade usada em algumas empresas e quais as principias mudanças a nível programático e as boas práticas delas resultantes que o modelo NoSQL traz. Por fim esta tese termina com a explicação de que NoSQL é uma forma de implementar a persistência de uma aplicação que se inclui no novo modelo de persistência da informação.

Decentralized Target Tracking based on Multi-Robot Cooperative Triangulation

Target tracking with bearing-only sensors is a challenging problem when the target moves dynamically in complex scenarios. Besides the partial observability of such sensors, they have limited field of views, occlusions can occur, etc. In those cases, cooperative approaches with multiple tracking robots are interesting, but the different sources of uncertain information need to be considered appropriately in order to achieve better estimates. Even though there exist probabilistic filters that can estimate the position of a target dealing with incertainties, bearing-only measurements bring usually additional problems with initialization and data association. In this paper, we propose a multi-robot triangulation method with a dynamic baseline that can triangulate bearing-only measurements in a probabilistic manner to produce 3D observations. This method is combined with a decentralized stochastic filter and used to tackle those initialization and data association issues. The approach is validated with simulations and field experiments where a team of aerial and ground robots with cameras track a dynamic target.

Vision-Based Assisted Teleoperation for Inspection Tasks with a Small ROV

It is well-known that ROVs require human intervention to guarantee the success of their assignment, as well as the equipment safety. However, as its teleoperation is quite complex to perform, there is a need for assisted teleoperation. This study aims to take on this challenge by developing vision-based assisted teleoperation maneuvers, since a standard camera is present in any ROV. The proposed approach is a visual servoing solution, that allows the user to select between several standard image processing methods and is applied to a 3-DOF ROV. The most interesting characteristic of the presented system is the exclusive use of the camera data to improve the teleoperation of an underactuated ROV. It is demonstrated through the comparison and evaluation of standard implementations of different vision methods and the execution of simple maneuvers to acquire experimental results, that the teleoperation of a small ROV can be drastically improved without the need to install additional sensors.

Gestão do e-mail: dos benefícios pessoais à eficiência organizacional: o caso do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo

O e-mail é atualmente a principal forma de comunicação das organizações. A informação existente nos e-mails representa uma elevada dimensão do capital não tangível das empresas, o Conhecimento. Na realidade, a gestão do e-mail dentro da organização é realizada por cada colaborador individualmente. Contudo, e tendo em conta o volume de informação criada, a forma como o e-mail é gerido levanta algumas questões. O objetivo geral deste estudo é conhecer como é feita a gestão de e-mail nos Serviços do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), analisando a forma de utilização do e-mail, de modo a obter elementos que permitam desenvolver normas/orientações para melhoria desta gestão. A metodologia utilizada para a elaboração deste trabalho de investigação recaiu sobre o Método Quadripolar, através do estudo de caso, para analisar a gestão do e-mail nos Serviços do IPVC. Foi elaborado um inquérito por questionário numa primeira fase, dirigido a todas as Instituições Públicas de Ensino Superior em Portugal sobre a existência de politicas de gestão de e-mail e, posteriormente, um questionário dirigido a todos os funcionários de todos os Serviços do IPVC no sentido de perceber de que forma se lida com o e-mail e com a sua gestão no contexto laboral de uma organização. A análise de dados foi efetuada através do estabelecimento da relação/associação entre variáveis com recurso à estatística descritiva. Os resultados demonstram que ainda há um longo caminho a percorrer uma vez que ainda não há uma consciencialização permanente para a importância do e-mail, bem como da sua gestão, no sentido de conseguir recuperar a informação de uma forma célere e garantir a preservação do e-mail a longo prazo.

How does gender affect visiting a world heritage site?

To date few studies have been undertaken in Portugal dealing with the attitudes, motivations, and profile of tourists who visit World Heritage Sites. Also, few studies have dealt with destination image (e.g., Agapito, Mendes & Valle, 2010; Lopes, 2011). As far as it is known, none have approached the issue of gender differences in the choice of a Portuguese heritage destination. Since cultural tourism destinations need to differentiate themselves from each other, appropriate market segmentation must be based on a deep understanding of the customers’ motivations and preferences. Keeping in mind results from empirical literature (e.g., Silberberg, 1995; Beerli & Martin, 2004; Richards, 2004; Pérez, 2009; Sheng, Shen, & Chen, 2008), gender seems to be a possible approach to market segmentation, whether for Guimarães or for other cultural tourism destinations around the world. Located in the north-western region of Portugal, Guimarães is a city of strong symbolic and cultural significance, and the nomination of its historical centre as a World Heritage Site in 2001 enhanced its tourism potential. This study analyses the possible relation between gender and attitudes and motivations towards a World Heritage Site, such as Guimarães. Additionally, the empirical approach used in the study tries to capture differences in the perceived attributes of the city. Commonalities and distinctions within and between groups of tourists, by focusing on the specific characteristic of gender, were analysed. The study addressed two main questions: first, whether males and females have similar or different preferences in choosing the city as their destination; and, second, whether there are gender differences in the perception of the attributes of Guimarães. A better understanding of the gendered nature of the destination is a valuable cue for shaping products and services according to visitors’ preferences.

Negotiation context analysis in electricity markets

Contextualization is critical in every decision making process. Adequate responses to problems depend not only on the variables with direct influence on the outcomes, but also on a correct contextualization of the problem regarding the surrounding environment. Electricity markets are dynamic environments with increasing complexity, potentiated by the last decades' restructuring process. Dealing with the growing complexity and competitiveness in this sector brought the need for using decision support tools. A solid example is MASCEM (Multi-Agent Simulator of Competitive Electricity Markets), whose players' decisions are supported by another multiagent system – ALBidS (Adaptive Learning strategic Bidding System). ALBidS uses artificial intelligence techniques to endow market players with adaptive learning capabilities that allow them to achieve the best possible results in market negotiations. This paper studies the influence of context awareness in the decision making process of agents acting in electricity markets. A context analysis mechanism is proposed, considering important characteristics of each negotiation period, so that negotiating agents can adapt their acting strategies to different contexts. The main conclusion is that context-dependant responses improve the decision making process. Suiting actions to different contexts allows adapting the behaviour of negotiating entities to different circumstances, resulting in profitable outcomes.