35 resultados para Cella, Susana

em Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal


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O presente trabalho, trata-se de um estudo de Investigação-Acção desenvolvido numa instituição vocacionada para o ensino e para a reabilitação de crianças e jovens surdocegos, situada na cidade de Lisboa. Nesta pesquisa procuramos averiguar se a construção e dinamização de um jardim sensorial poderá constituir-se como um espaço de aprendizagem e de lazer para crianças e jovens surdocegos. De modo a encontrar respostas para esta problemática, procedemos à revisão de literatura considerada pertinente para esta temática e ao levantamento de informação de modo a caracterizar o meio ambiente, quer a instituição onde o projecto foi implementado. Para a concretização deste estudo procedeu-se a uma recolha dos dados considerados relevantes. Posteriormente, com recurso à Investigação-Acção, uma metodologia qualitativa, procedeu-se a uma recolha de dados diversificada: observações participantes, questionários dirigidos à equipa educativa da instituição e aos educadores que participaram na implementação do projecto e análise documental. Para a sua concretização recorremos ao emprego de técnicas e instrumentos de pesquisa. A avaliação final dos resultados de implementação do Projecto indicou que os utentes apreciaram a frequência do local nas suas várias valências, quer enquanto local de lazer, frequentando-o nos momentos de pausa; quer enquanto local de aprendizagens, onde puderam usufruir do contacto com a natureza, vivenciando os diferentes ciclos e onde os utentes que frequentaram o Curso de Jardinagem puderam aplicar os conhecimentos adquiridos no referido Curso. A implementação deste Projecto contribuiu também para a valorização dos espaços exteriores da instituição, e sua requalificação. Paralelamente, este Projecto proporcionou trabalho em equipa, quer durante a fase de construção, com a angariação de materiais, o fornecimento de contactos e em alguns casos ou o prolongamento do horário de trabalho de modo a garantir que as metas eram atingidas; quer na dinamização das actividades desenvolvidas, com a concretização das propostas de actividades apresentadas e com a tomada de iniciativa para a dinamização de outras actividades, em contexto de sala/atelier ou nos momentos de lazer.

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A inclusão de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais nas escolas tem feito um caminho ascendente, de melhoria. Passámos por momentos de segregação e total alheamento a uma educação inclusiva, onde todos os alunos têm um lugar na escola do ensino regular, onde se procura aceitar a diferença e identificar respostas educativas eficazes às suas necessidades de educação específicas. Para que esta inclusão se faça de forma útil e benéfica, têm de existir mudanças quer na escola, quer na sala de aula, optando-se por mudanças metodológicas e organizacionais. É a escola que se adapta aos alunos e não o contrário. Nesse mesmo sentido, o trabalho com alunos com Perturbações do Espectro do Autismo (PEA), não se projecta sempre da mesma forma. Muito embora os traços comuns característicos a esta problemática cada um apresenta as suas especificidades e só observando e entendendo a forma como cada criança aprende, se relaciona e interage, será possível realizar um trabalho eficaz e de sucesso. É neste contexto que se insere o projecto de investigação que se apresenta. Este projecto tem como objectivo apresentar um estudo de caso de um aluno portador de uma Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo. Após a caracterização sócio-educativa, identificam-se os objectivos de intervenção, princípios orientadores da prática educativa, o plano de acção e os pressupostos de avaliação. Os dados de avaliação permitem considerar que toda a intervenção, desde que devidamente planeada e avaliada, se constitui uma mais valia no desenvolvimento de competências sociais e cognitivas dos alunos com PEA. Neste estudo a intervenção procurou ir ao encontro das potencialidades e fragilidades do aluno, numa dinâmica de investigação-acção, onde o ciclo planificação-acção-reflexão permitiu um trabalho mais rigoroso e próximo das reais necessidades do aluno, beneficiando a sua evolução, sobretudo na aquisição de competências sociais.

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Certain environmental conditions in animal and plant production have been associated with increased frequency in respiratory illnesses, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, in farmers occupationally exposed in swine production. The aim of this study was to characterize particulate matter (PM) contamination in seven Portuguese swine farms and determine the existence of clinical symptoms associated with asthma and other allergy diseases, utilizing the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire. Environmental assessments were performed with portable direct-reading equipment, and PM contamination including five different sizes (PM0.5, PM1.0, PM2.5, PM5.0, PM10) was determined. The distribution of particle size showed the same trend in all swine farms, with high concentrations of particles with PM5 and PM10. Results from the questionnaire indicated a trend such that subjects with diagnosis of asthma were exposed to higher concentrations of PM with larger size (PM2.5, PM5, and PM10) while subjects with sneezing, runny nose, or stuffy nose without a cold or flu were exposed to higher concentrations of PM with smaller size (PM0.5 and PM1). Data indicate that inhalation of PM in swine farm workers is associated with increased frequency of respiratory illnesses.

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Agricultural workers especially poultry farmers are at increased risk of occupational respiratory diseases. Epidemiological studies showed increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and adverse changes in pulmonary function parameters in poultry workers. In poultry production volatile organic compounds (VOCs) presence can be due to some compounds produced by molds that are volatile and are released directly into the air. These are known as microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs). Because these compounds often have strong and/or unpleasant odors, they can be the source of odors associated with molds. MVOC's are products of the microorganisms primary and secondary metabolism and are composed of low molecular weight alcohols, aldehydes, amines, ketones, terpenes, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and sulfur-based compounds, all of which are variations of carbon-based molecules.

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Cellular polarity concerns the spatial asymmetric organization of cellular components and structures. Such organization is important not only for biological behavior at the individual cell level, but also for the 3D organization of tissues and organs in living organisms. Processes like cell migration and motility, asymmetric inheritance, and spatial organization of daughter cells in tissues are all dependent of cell polarity. Many of these processes are compromised during aging and cellular senescence. For example, permeability epithelium barriers are leakier during aging; elderly people have impaired vascular function and increased frequency of cancer, and asymmetrical inheritance is compromised in senescent cells, including stem cells. Here, we review the cellular regulation of polarity, as well as the signaling mechanisms and respective redox regulation of the pathways involved in defining cellular polarity. Emphasis will be put on the role of cytoskeleton and the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. We also discuss how nutrients can affect polarity-dependent processes, both by direct exposure of the gastrointestinal epithelium to nutrients and by indirect effects elicited by the metabolism of nutrients, such as activation of antioxidant response and phase-II detoxification enzymes through the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). In summary, cellular polarity emerges as a key process whose redox deregulation is hypothesized to have a central role in aging and cellular senescence.

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Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção de grau de Mestre em Didática da Língua Portuguesa no 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

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Trabalho de Dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização em Estruturas

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The regulatory mechanisms by which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) modulates the activity of transcription factors in bacteria (OxyR and PerR), lower eukaryotes (Yap1, Maf1, Hsf1 and Msn2/4) and mammalian cells (AP-1, NRF2, CREB, HSF1, HIF-1, TP53, NF-κB, NOTCH, SP1 and SCREB-1) are reviewed. The complexity of regulatory networks increases throughout the phylogenetic tree, reaching a high level of complexity in mammalians. Multiple H2O2 sensors and pathways are triggered converging in the regulation of transcription factors at several levels: (1) synthesis of the transcription factor by upregulating transcription or increasing both mRNA stability and translation; (ii) stability of the transcription factor by decreasing its association with the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex or by inhibiting this complex; (iii) cytoplasm-nuclear traffic by exposing/masking nuclear localization signals, or by releasing the transcription factor from partners or from membrane anchors; and, (iv) DNA binding and nuclear transactivation by modulating transcription factor affinity towards DNA, co-activators or repressors, and by targeting specific regions of chromatin to activate individual genes. We also discuss how H2O2 biological specificity results from diverse thiol protein sensors, with different reactivity of their sulfhydryl groups towards H2O2, being activated by different concentrations and times of exposure to H2O2. The specific regulation of local H2O2 concentrations is also crucial and results from H2O2 localized production and removal controlled by signals. Finally, we formulate equations to extract from typical experiments quantitative data concerning H2O2 reactivity with sensor molecules. Rate constants of 140 M-1s−1 and ≥ 1.3 × 103 M-1s−1 were estimated, respectively, for the reaction of H2O2 with KEAP1 and with an unknown target that mediates NRF2 protein synthesis. In conclusion, the multitude of H2O2 targets and mechanisms provides an opportunity for highly specific effects on gene regulation that depend on the cell type and on signals received from the cellular microenvironment.

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The presence of filamentous fungi was detected in wastewater and air collected at wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) from several European countries. The aim of the present study was to assess fungal contamination in two WWTP operating in Lisbon. In addition, particulate matter (PM) contamination data was analyzed. To apply conventional methods, air samples from the two plants were collected through impaction using an air sampler with a velocity air rate of 140 L/min. Surfaces samples were collected by swabbing the surfaces of the same indoor sites. All collected samples were incubated at 27°C for 5 to 7 d. After lab processing and incubation of collected samples, quantitative and qualitative results were obtained with identification of the isolated fungal species. For molecular methods, air samples of 250 L were also collected using the impinger method at 300 L/min airflow rate. Samples were collected into 10 ml sterile phosphate-buffered saline with 0.05% Triton X-100, and the collection liquid was subsequently used for DNA extraction. Molecular identification of Aspergillus fumigatus and Stachybotrys chartarum was achieved by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the Rotor-Gene 6000 qPCR Detection System (Corbett). Assessment of PM was also conducted with portable direct-reading equipment (Lighthouse, model 3016 IAQ). Particles concentration measurement was performed at five different sizes: PM0.5, PM1, PM2.5, PM5, and PM10. Sixteen different fungal species were detected in indoor air in a total of 5400 isolates in both plants. Penicillium sp. was the most frequently isolated fungal genus (58.9%), followed by Aspergillus sp. (21.2%) and Acremonium sp. (8.2%), in the total underground area. In a partially underground plant, Penicillium sp. (39.5%) was also the most frequently isolated, also followed by Aspergillus sp. (38.7%) and Acremonium sp. (9.7%). Using RT-PCR, only A. fumigatus was detected in air samples collected, and only from partial underground plant. Stachybotrys chartarum was not detected in any of the samples analyzed. The distribution of particle sizes showed the same tendency in both plants; however, the partially underground plant presented higher levels of contamination, except for PM2.5. Fungal contamination assessment is crucial to evaluating the potential health risks to exposed workers in these settings. In order to achieve an evaluation of potential health risks to exposed workers, it is essential to combine conventional and molecular methods for fungal detection. Protective measures to minimize worker exposure to fungi need to be adopted since wastewater is the predominant internal fungal source in this setting.

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Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Artística, na especialização de Teatro na Educação

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Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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The simultaneous presence of fungi and particles in horse stable environment can create a singular exposure condition because particles have been reported has a good carrier for microorganisms and their metabolites. This study intends to characterize this setting and to recognize fungi and particles occupational exposure.