65 resultados para software creation methodology
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RESUMO: Introdução – A evolução tecnológica permitiu uma deteção precoce do cancro e, consequentemente, uma abordagem terapêutica mais eficaz e efetiva, resultando no aumento da sobrevida dos doentes. Assim, pretende-se avaliar a influência da radioterapia na qualidade de vida dos doentes com cancro da mama. Metodologia – 47 participantes que efetuaram radioterapia no Centro Hospitalar Barreiro-Montijo preencheram os dois questionários, o EORTC QLQ-C30 e o QLQ-BR23, antes de iniciar radioterapia e no último dia do tratamento. Os resultados foram analisados através do programa informático SPSS, versão 19.0. Resultados – Observou-se um ligeiro decréscimo na qualidade da saúde global no segundo momento de avaliação. Verificou-se uma diminuição nas escalas sintomática e funcional no segundo momento de avaliação. Em relação ao questionário QLQ-BR23, na escala sintomática, observou-se uma diminuição nos efeitos secundários resultantes da radioterapia no último momento de avaliação. Discussão dos Resultados – Os resultados obtidos no questionário QLQ-C30 revelam que a avaliação global da saúde dos doentes não é influenciada pelo tratamento de radioterapia. Em relação ao questionário QLQ-BR23, os sintomas relacionados com a mama e o braço tiveram um aumento ligeiramente significativo no segundo momento de avaliação, sendo estes associados à radioterapia. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a radioterapia não influencia a qualidade de vida em doentes com cancro da mama.
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Introdução – A doença oncológica tem sido assunto de abordagem historiográfica particularmente abundante no contexto internacional. No caso português só recentemente começaram a surgir os primeiros trabalhos em redor desta ampla temática. Objetivos – Revolvendo em torno da emergência e estruturação da luta anticancerosa no âmbito internacional, pretende-se apresentar uma breve síntese sobre a evolução deste fenómeno em Portugal na primeira metade do século XX. Metodologia – Análise documental. Qualitativa e heurística. Resultados/Discussão/Considerações finais – A luta contra a doença oncológica em Portugal não destoou do contexto médico-científico e do movimento internacional anticanceroso da primeira metade do século XX. No entanto, a emergência e a institucionalização do projeto anticanceroso nacional apresentou algumas particularidades. Inserido entre uma especialidade médica em processo de afirmação e as necessidades assistenciais dos cancerosos, resultou da conjugação de uma série de fatores que ultrapassam a mera assimilação de novas tecnologias médicas ou da criação de um espaço próprio para a prática da oncologia. Tornou-se também num meio para realizar um trabalho intenso de educação para a saúde, num instrumento de ponta na formação médica especializada e numa referência de modernidade científica no contexto do Estado Novo.
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Mestrado em Controlo e Gestão dos Negócios
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Background: A common task in analyzing microarray data is to determine which genes are differentially expressed across two (or more) kind of tissue samples or samples submitted under experimental conditions. Several statistical methods have been proposed to accomplish this goal, generally based on measures of distance between classes. It is well known that biological samples are heterogeneous because of factors such as molecular subtypes or genetic background that are often unknown to the experimenter. For instance, in experiments which involve molecular classification of tumors it is important to identify significant subtypes of cancer. Bimodal or multimodal distributions often reflect the presence of subsamples mixtures. Consequently, there can be genes differentially expressed on sample subgroups which are missed if usual statistical approaches are used. In this paper we propose a new graphical tool which not only identifies genes with up and down regulations, but also genes with differential expression in different subclasses, that are usually missed if current statistical methods are used. This tool is based on two measures of distance between samples, namely the overlapping coefficient (OVL) between two densities and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The methodology proposed here was implemented in the open-source R software. Results: This method was applied to a publicly available dataset, as well as to a simulated dataset. We compared our results with the ones obtained using some of the standard methods for detecting differentially expressed genes, namely Welch t-statistic, fold change (FC), rank products (RP), average difference (AD), weighted average difference (WAD), moderated t-statistic (modT), intensity-based moderated t-statistic (ibmT), significance analysis of microarrays (samT) and area under the ROC curve (AUC). On both datasets all differentially expressed genes with bimodal or multimodal distributions were not selected by all standard selection procedures. We also compared our results with (i) area between ROC curve and rising area (ABCR) and (ii) the test for not proper ROC curves (TNRC). We found our methodology more comprehensive, because it detects both bimodal and multimodal distributions and different variances can be considered on both samples. Another advantage of our method is that we can analyze graphically the behavior of different kinds of differentially expressed genes. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the arrow plot represents a new flexible and useful tool for the analysis of gene expression profiles from microarrays.
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Mestrado em Intervenção Sócio-Organizacional na Saúde - Área de especialização: Políticas de Administração e Gestão de Serviços de Saúde.
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Video coding technologies have played a major role in the explosion of large market digital video applications and services. In this context, the very popular MPEG-x and H-26x video coding standards adopted a predictive coding paradigm, where complex encoders exploit the data redundancy and irrelevancy to 'control' much simpler decoders. This codec paradigm fits well applications and services such as digital television and video storage where the decoder complexity is critical, but does not match well the requirements of emerging applications such as visual sensor networks where the encoder complexity is more critical. The Slepian Wolf and Wyner-Ziv theorems brought the possibility to develop the so-called Wyner-Ziv video codecs, following a different coding paradigm where it is the task of the decoder, and not anymore of the encoder, to (fully or partly) exploit the video redundancy. Theoretically, Wyner-Ziv video coding does not incur in any compression performance penalty regarding the more traditional predictive coding paradigm (at least for certain conditions). In the context of Wyner-Ziv video codecs, the so-called side information, which is a decoder estimate of the original frame to code, plays a critical role in the overall compression performance. For this reason, much research effort has been invested in the past decade to develop increasingly more efficient side information creation methods. This paper has the main objective to review and evaluate the available side information methods after proposing a classification taxonomy to guide this review, allowing to achieve more solid conclusions and better identify the next relevant research challenges. After classifying the side information creation methods into four classes, notably guess, try, hint and learn, the review of the most important techniques in each class and the evaluation of some of them leads to the important conclusion that the side information creation methods provide better rate-distortion (RD) performance depending on the amount of temporal correlation in each video sequence. It became also clear that the best available Wyner-Ziv video coding solutions are almost systematically based on the learn approach. The best solutions are already able to systematically outperform the H.264/AVC Intra, and also the H.264/AVC zero-motion standard solutions for specific types of content. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Bearing in mind the potential adverse health effects of ultrafine particles, it is of paramount importance to perform effective monitoring of nanosized particles in several microenvironments, which may include ambient air, indoor air, and also occupational environments. In fact, effective and accurate monitoring is the first step to obtaining a set of data that could be used further on to perform subsequent evaluations such as risk assessment and epidemiologic studies, thus proposing good working practices such as containment measures in order to reduce occupational exposure. This paper presents a useful methodology for monitoring ultrafine particles/nanoparticles in several microenvironments, using online analyzers and also sampling systems that allow further characterization on collected nanoparticles. This methodology was validated in three case studies presented in the paper, which assess monitoring of nanosized particles in the outdoor atmosphere, during cooking operations, and in a welding workshop.
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Mestrado em Fisioterapia
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In distributed video coding, motion estimation is typically performed at the decoder to generate the side information, increasing the decoder complexity while providing low complexity encoding in comparison with predictive video coding. Motion estimation can be performed once to create the side information or several times to refine the side information quality along the decoding process. In this paper, motion estimation is performed at the decoder side to generate multiple side information hypotheses which are adaptively and dynamically combined, whenever additional decoded information is available. The proposed iterative side information creation algorithm is inspired in video denoising filters and requires some statistics of the virtual channel between each side information hypothesis and the original data. With the proposed denoising algorithm for side information creation, a RD performance gain up to 1.2 dB is obtained for the same bitrate.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação - especialidade Supervisão em Educação
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Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática e de Computadores
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Trabalho Final de Mestrado elaborado no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil pelo Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa no âmbito do protocolo de cooperação entre o ISEL e o LNEC
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de especialização de Vias de Comunicação e Transportes
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Dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Civil