11 resultados para Learning Mathematics

em Universidad de Alicante


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Mathematics expresses itself everywhere, in almost every facet of life - in nature all around us, and in the technologies in our hands. Mathematics is the language of science and engineering - describing our understanding of all that we observe. In fact, Galileo said that Mathematics is the language with which God has written the universe. Aristotle defined mathematics as "the science of quantity", i.e., “the science of the things that can be counted”. Now you can think that counting has a vital role in our daily life; just imagine that there were no mathematics at all, how would it be possible for us to count days, months and years? Unfortunately, people usually ignore the connection between mathematics and the daily life. Most of university degrees require mathematics. Students who choose not to take seriously mathematics or to ignore it in high school, find several difficulties when they come up against them at the university. This study explores the perceptions of how mathematics influences our daily life among our students and how teachers can use this information in order to improve the academic performance. The used research instrument was a questionnaire that was designed to identify their understanding on learning mathematics.

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Este artículo se inserta en la línea de reflexión en educación matemática centrada en caracterizar y desarrollar la competencia docente “mirar profesionalmente” la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las matemáticas como una componente de la práctica profesional del profesor de matemáticas. Un ejemplo procedente de un curso de formación inicial de profesores nos permite caracterizar su significado. En este trabajo se argumenta que el desarrollo de esta competencia docente se apoya en la relación dialéctica entre el conocimiento de matemáticas para la enseñanza (MKT) y el discurso generado en la resolución de tareas profesionales. Finalmente se describen algunas características de los entornos de aprendizaje en los programas de formación de profesores dirigidos a fomentar el desarrollo de esta relación dialéctica.

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En este estudio presentamos una investigación que tiene como objetivo generar información sobre cómo estudiantes para profesor de educación secundaria (EPS) comprenden el proceso de aprendizaje de las matemáticas. El contexto que hemos utilizado es la actividad de anticipar respuestas de los estudiantes de Bachillerato que reflejen diferentes niveles de desarrollo conceptual de la comprensión del concepto de límite de una función, como una actividad relevante vinculada a la competencia docente. Los resultados muestran dos formas distintas de considerar la comprensión del concepto de límite por parte de los EPS que tienen implicación sobre cómo anticipan las respuestas de los estudiantes y sobre las características de los problemas que plantean para apoyar el aprendizaje de la concepción dinámica de límite de los estudiantes.

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La idea de competencia docente del profesor puede ser entendida como el ser capaz de usar el conocimiento de manera pertinente en el desarrollo de las tareas profesionales vinculadas a la enseñanza de las matemáticas. Un aspecto de la competencia docente es “mirar de manera profesional” la enseñanza de las matemáticas. Mirar de manera profesional debe ser entendido como poder identificar lo que es relevante para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas de los estudiantes e interpretarlo para fundamentar la toma de decisiones de acción según los objetivos planteados. Se presentan características de dos situaciones en las que es posible identificar rasgos de esta competencia: reconocer la legitimidad de las respuestas de los alumnos a algunas tareas matemáticas cuando éstas no reflejan un procedimiento estándar, y reconocer la progresión en la comprensión de los estudiantes de alguna idea matemática.

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Esta investigación presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo es identificar aspectos que apoyan el desarrollo de la mirada profesional en estudiantes para profesores de matemáticas en un contexto b-learning. Analizamos las producciones de un grupo de estudiantes para profesores de matemáticas de educación secundaria (documentos escritos y participaciones en un debate on-line) cuando analizaban el razonamiento proporcional de estudiantes de educación secundaria. Los resultados indican que la interacción en el debate en línea permitió a algunos estudiantes para profesor mejorar su capacidad de identificar e interpretar aspectos relevantes del pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes de educación secundaria. Estos resultados indican que el desarrollo de “una mirada profesional” del profesor es un proceso complicado pero que la posibilidad de construir un discurso progresivo en línea es un factor importante para su desarrollo.

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The aim of this research is to identify aspects that support the development of prospective mathematics teachers’ professional noticing in a b-learning context. The study presented here investigates the extent to which prospective secondary mathematics teachers attend and interpret secondary school students’ proportional reasoning and decide how to respond. Results show that interactions in an on-line discussion improve prospective mathematics teachers’ ability to identify and interpret important aspects of secondary school students’ mathematical thinking.

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In recent years, several explanatory models have been developed which attempt to analyse the predictive worth of various factors in relation to academic achievement, as well as the direct and indirect effects that they produce. The aim of this study was to examine a structural model incorporating various cognitive and motivational variables which influence student achievement in the two basic core skills in the Spanish curriculum: Spanish Language and Mathematics. These variables included differential aptitudes, specific self-concept, goal orientations, effort and learning strategies. The sample comprised 341 Spanish students in their first year of Compulsory Secondary Education. Various tests and questionnaires were used to assess each student, and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed to study the relationships in the initial model. The proposed model obtained a satisfactory fit for the two subjects studied, and all the relationships hypothesised were significant. The variable with the most explanatory power regarding academic achievement was mathematical and verbal aptitude. Also notable was the direct influence of specific self-concept on achievement, goal-orientation and effort, as was the mediatory effect that effort and learning strategies had between academic goals and final achievement.

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One of the most relevant subjects for the intellectual formation of elementary school students is Mathematics where its importance goes back to ancient civilizations and which its importance is underestimated nowadays. This phenomenon occurs in Mexico, where 63.1% of the total population of elementary school students between the third and sixth grade have insufficient/elemental level of mathematics knowledge. This has resulted in the need to use a new mechanism to complement student’s classroom learning. With the rapid growth of wireless and mobile technologies, the mobile learning has been gradually considered as a novel and effective form of learning due to it inherits all the advantages of e-learning as well as breaks the limitations of learning time and space occurring in the traditional classroom teaching. This project proposes the use of a Mathematics Game e-Library integrated by a set of games for mobile devices and a distribution/management tool. The games are developed for running on mobile devices and for cover the six competencies related with the mathematics learning approach established in Mexico. The distribution/management tool allows students to reach contents according to their needs; this is achieved through a core engine that infers, from an initial profile, the games that cover the user’s knowledge gaps.

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El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar características del proceso de instrumentalización del conocimiento de didáctica de la matemática de profesores de educación primaria en un curso de especialización desarrollado en un contexto b-learning. Participaron 65 maestros en un entorno de aprendizaje b-learning integrando debates virtuales y centrados en el análisis del pensamiento matemático de alumnos de educación primaria. El análisis de las participaciones en los debates virtuales y la resolución de las tareas nos han permitido caracterizar el aprendizaje del conocimiento sobre el aprendizaje de las matemáticas como un cambio en el discurso de los estudiantes. Este cambio se puso de manifiesto por la integración paulatina del conocimiento de didáctica de la matemática en la interpretación del pensamiento matemático de los alumnos. Los resultados indican que las aportaciones a los debates en forma de refutaciones favorecieron el proceso de instrumentalización de las ideas teóricas.

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Higher education should provide the acquisition of skills and abilities that allow the student to play a full and active role in society. The educational experience should offer a series of conceptual, procedural and attitudinal contents that encourage “learning to know, learning to do, learning to be and learning to live together”. It is important to consider the curricular value of mathematics in the education of university undergraduates who do not intend to study mathematics but for whom the discipline will serve as an instrumental. This work discusses factors that form part of the debate on the curricular value of mathematics in non-mathematics degrees.

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The aim of this study is to characterise students’ understanding of the function-derivative relationship when learning economic concepts. To this end, we use a fuzzy metric (Chang 1968) to identify the development of economic concept understanding that is defined by the function-derivative relationship. The results indicate that the understanding of these economic concepts is linked to students’ capacity to perform conversions and treatments between the algebraic and graphic registers of the function-derivative relationship when extracting the economic meaning of concavity/convexity in graphs of functions using the second derivative.