Antropolog��a de la Conservaci��n en Espa��a. Balance y perspectivas

En este art��culo presentamos un balance de la Antropolog��a de la Conservaci��n en el Estado espa��ol. Durante las ��ltimas d��cadas, la protecci��n de los espacios naturales ha aumentado de una manera exponencial en todo el mundo. A la vez que se extend��a esta patrimonializaci��n de la naturaleza, los trabajos etnogr��ficos sobre las ��reas protegidas han ido ganando terreno dentro de la disciplina y, en particular, en el campo de la Antropolog��a Ambiental. La mencionada bibliograf��a ha puesto de relieve los m��ltiples aspectos derivados de las nuevas pol��ticas territoriales de regulaci��n, apropiaci��n y mercantilizaci��n de la ���naturaleza���. En este trabajo realizamos una revisi��n exhaustiva de la producci��n generada a ra��z de este inter��s por las ��reas protegidas en nuestro pa��s subrayando sus principales aportaciones, caracter��sticas y debilidades. De este modo pretendemos reflexionar acerca de su continuidad, con el fin de evitar la mera reiteraci��n y favorecer el avance en sus resultados.

Entretenimientos, fiestas, juegos y placeres en la corte de los reyes de Arag��n en el siglo xiv Steffano

Este trabajo estudia la presencia e importancia de las diversiones y el placer en distintos momentos de la vida de la corte de los reyes de Arag��n: las prostitutas, dirigidas por el rey Arlot, la m��sica, el juego, el baile o los juglares, observando el aumento de su presencia a lo largo del siglo xiv, con el correlativo aumento de los gastos. Tambi��n se observa el incremento en el lujo y la complejidad de estas actividades y la siempre mayor presencia de elementos espectaculares como bestias, carros, figuras aleg��ricas y otros entremeses en coronaciones, bodas o entradas reales, todos ellos aspectos de la progresiva glorificaci��n de la monarqu��a.

"Et occidetur virtute Domini Antichristus a Mikaele arcangelo". Paisaje y escatolog��a en Sant Miquel de Ll��ria (s. XIV d. C.)

El presente articulo intenta determinar las razones por las que el santuario de Sant Miquel de Ll��ria, uno de los m��s importantes de la actual provincia de Valencia, se consagr�� al arc��ngel guerrero. Se estudia para ello la historia de su culto en Occidente, haciendo hincapi�� en aspectos como su relaci��n con los lugares elevados y la frecuente proximidad de sus santuarios con aquellos dedicados a la Virgen. Atenderemos tambi��n a aspectos fundamentales del contexto hist��rico, como los movimientos de renovaci��n espiritual medievales, la influencia del m��dico y te��logo Arnau de Vilanova en la Valencia de principios del siglo XIV y las profec��as escatol��gicas vinculadas a la llegada del Anticristo.

Las familias "Baeomycetaceae" e I"Icmadophilaceae" en la Pen��nsula Ib��rica

Se aportan datos morfol��gicos, qu��micos y de distribuci��n de seis especies de las familias Baeomycetaceae (Baeomyces) e Icmadophilaceae (Dibaeis, Icmadophila, Thamnolia) presentes en la Pen��nsula Ib��rica. Se publican numerosas nuevas citas de Baeomyces rufus y de Dibaeis baeomyces, que constituyen las especies m��s frecuentes y abundantes en la pen��nsula.

Contribution to the knowlegde of Galician xenoflora (NW Iberian Peninsula, Spain).

Information on 12 exotic plants of diverse interest for the Galician flora are presented. All of them were collected in Ribeira council (SW of the A Coru��a province). The total includes 8 novelties at a regional level (Aeonium haworthii, Aloe mitriformis, Brugmansia �� candida, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Osteospermum ecklonis, Pelargonium capitatum, Sedum mexicanum, Sparaxis tricolor), and 2 provincial novelties. In addition, information on two taxa hardly mentioned in the literature on Galician vascular flora is also included. All the cited specimens are deposited at the SANT Herbarium.

Identidad territorial y paisaje. Evoluci��n morfol��gica de los n��cleos en Castilla y Le��n.

Este estudio intenta esclarecer las transformaciones f��sicas y socioecon��micas de los asentamientos rurales de la regi��n espa��ola de Castilla y Le��n, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Se analiza la evoluci��n temporal de la forma urbana a trav��s de un Sistema de Informaci��n Geogr��fico (SIG), calculando unos ��ndices m��tricos y compar��ndolos con la informaci��n demogr��fica hist��rica. Los resultados pretenden mostrar los efectos de la especializaci��n funcional econ��mica, causada por la integraci��n en las jerarqu��as productivas globales, sobre la estructura urbana. La p��rdida gradual de las caracter��sticas tradicionales de los pueblos castellanos, como la compacidad y la integraci��n en el entorno, debido a la p��rdida o degradaci��n de la arquitectura popular y la construcci��n de nuevas edificaciones industriales, supone un riesgo para las futuras pol��ticas de desarrollo local. Se considera necesario preservar la identidad paisaj��stica y evitar la destrucci��n del patrimonio cultural para poder revitalizar estos territorios.

The Sports Overload Injuries of the Lower Extremities from the Biomechanical Point of View

This work studies the major sports overload injuries of the lower extremities from the biomechanical point of view. At the same time, the main paradigms of podiatric biomechanics and the application of new biomechanical theories in the study of these lesions are reviewed. With current legislation, clinical gait biomechanical studies should be carried out in health centres and the only health professionals who can perform them are podiatrists and doctors (because they both can diagnose). Graduates in physical education can carry out studies in the field or in the sports court for the sole purpose of improving athletic performance, but never intended to treat a pathology overload.

The first chronicle of Miguel Hernandez: The New Journalism (1936-1939)

This paper presents and analyzes the first literary-journalistic chronicle writen and published by Miguel Hern��ndez: ���Defensa de Madrid. Madrid y las ciudades de Retaguardia���, during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). This chronicle is the first one of a series establishing a new and personal type of journalism: literary chronicles ���poetical and political-. Miguel Hernandez published his masterpieces in different newspapers as a war reporter, with his own name and with a pen-name, playing roles of director and political commissar in different newspapers in the war-trenches. Thematically, this first article shows his personal and political engagement, as well as his desire and strategy to protect the capital city of Spain: Madrid. Methodologically, the analysis is an approached to linguistics in social sciences, which presents some of the personal characteristics and style of the chronist Miguel Hern��ndez. Thus, it becomes patent that the so-called New Journalism (narrative and literary), which flourished in the 70s, had already been deeply and efficiently practiced by Miguel Hern��ndez 40 years before. That is the reason why Miguel Hern��ndez deserves to be added to the well-known collective of chronicle writers that have already been rescued to this moment. His literary style and quality are installing him in a outstanding position as well as pioneer of the genre nowadays known as New Journalism that in his case, it is politically engaged

The divulgation of hygiene-sanitation matters at the start of Spanish radio (1933-1957)

The work analyse from a journalistic point of view the history radio divulgation of health during the Second Republic and the start of the Franco era. For it, printed sources of the health broadcast conferences have been analysed. The most frequently used radio genre was a combination of informative monologue and monologue opinion. Questions relating to maternal-juvenile health were the most disseminated. In general, the radio language employed responded to the needs for clarity, as well as adapting the message to the target audience. With Francoism, the political slogans were incorporated and the gender discussions were given more importance.

The trade unions membership dynamics and union members��� trajectories

This text presents an analysis of aggregated membership���s dynamics for Spanish trade unions, using ECVT data, as well as union memberships��� trajectories, or members��� decisions about joining the organization, permanency and responsibilities, and subsequent attrition. For the analysis of trajectories we make use of information of the records of actual memberships and the record of quitting of CCOO, and of a survey-questionnaire to a sample of leavers of the same union. This study allows us to confirm a linkage between the decision and motivations to become union member, to participate in union activities, the time of permanency, and the motives to quit the organization. We also identify five types of union members��� trajectories, indicating that, far from views that assert a monolithic structure, unions are complex organizations.

Spanish Sociology and Anti-Semitism Between passed prejudice and key to civilization

There is a significant lack of sociological research in Spain about anti-Semitism. At the same time there are alarming anti-Semitic tendencies and anti-Jewish stereotypes which are above the European average. This article aims to explain this lack of sociological research about anti-Semitism in Spain. Therefore two types of explications are offered: on the one hand side some structural problems will be shown which sociology in general had since its beginnings and which complicate the understanding of anti-Semitism. Furthermore explications regarding the specific social and historic situation in Spain and of Spanish sociology in particular will be exposed. It will be shown that for its rationalistic character and with the exception of very few authors ��� who are considered marginalized for practical research ��� sociology in general has had enormous problems in understanding anti-Semitism. The specific historic situation, Francoism, the dispute about the historic memory and the delayed institutionalisation of sociology could also explain the lack of sociological interest in the topic especially in Spain. The article shows that the study of anti-Semitism is not only relevant for struggling against this burden of society in many of its variants. Furthermore, thinking about anti-Semitism can help sociology to recognise its own epistemological problems. It can serve to criticise and improve instruments of sociological research by showing the limitations of the sociological approach and to uncover the importance of interdisciplinary research for understanding specific social phenomena. In that sense, anti-Semitism, far from being a marginal subject, can be considered a key topic in the process of civilisation and it can help us to decipher the contemporary Spanish society.

Welfare Regimes and ���progressive��� governments in Latin America: The cases of Venezuela, Ecuador and Bolivia

Several authors have applied the concept of Welfare Regimens for studying social policy in Latin America (Esping-Andersen, 1993 and 2000). Among others, Mart��nez Franzoni (2007) develops a typology, with fi eld work is at the turn of the millennium, and establishes three categories: State-productivist regime, state-protectionist and family orientated. Most countries in the region are placed in the latter category. The hypothesis of this article argues that with the emergence of governments considered ���left��� or ���progressive��� in several countries of the region from the late ���90s and, more decisively, in 2000���, the map of welfare regimes models could have mutated substantively. The nationally transformative experiences are different (various socio-economic realities and political action in which they are located exists) but they have several contact points that can be summarized in a greater state intervention in different areas previously closed to their operating and recovery of important functions of welfare and care of the population by the government. The paper discusses with an exploratory and descriptive approach the welfare schemes that would shape in three countries that have constitutionalized the change from the neoliberal paradigm: Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador.

Orientaci��n al mercado y tipolog��a de las cooperativas agroalimentarias en base a la competitividad. Caso-estudio de las citr��colas espa��olas

La globalizaci��n ha recrudecido m��s si cabe la competencia en los mercados y las empresas deben afianzar y mejorar su posici��n competitiva para asegurar la supervivencia. Para ello resulta vital, entre otras cuestiones, velar por los intereses de los inversores al tiempo que cuidan de sus clientes. Las cooperativas sufren una coyuntura semejante respecto a sus socios y el mercado, es decir respecto a sus clientes internos (socios) y externos (mercado). El enfoque de las actividades y la estrategia de la cooperativa frente a esta dualidad determina su grado de orientaci��n al mercado.Los estudios relacionados con la orientaci��n al mercado en cooperativas son escasos en comparaci��n con otras formas empresariales y han estado normalmente centrados en la figura de las cooperativas de segundo grado y circunscritos a sectores muy espec��ficos.El sector citr��cola espa��ol es uno de los m��s din��micos y desarrollados del panorama productivo agrario. Su extensa experiencia comercial tanto a nivel dom��stico como internacional confiere un car��cter diferenciador a las entidades que operan en este subsector. Este trabajo analiza la posici��n de las cooperativas citr��colas espa��olas en relaci��n a la orientaci��n al mercado as�� como los factores de gesti��n y estrategia que est��n relacionadoscon ella. Para ello se utiliza una escala MARKOR, validada en estudios anteriores, sobre una muestra de 45 cooperativas.Se establece adem��s una tipolog��a de cooperativas citr��colas en base a los factores de competitividad que permiten ahondar en el conocimiento que existe sobre esta cuesti��n en entidades de econom��a social. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto un elevado grado de relaci��n entre la innovaci��n, el perfil del empresario y el conocimiento del entorno en relaci��n con el grado de orientaci��n al mercado.

the social economy as an alternative of self employment. profile of the entrepreneur in the andalusian labour companies

This paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the profile of the entrepreneur who decides to start business through a labor society in the context of the Autonomous Community of Andalucia. Thus, first the Social Economy is presented as an important alternative to creating and promoting employment, which seeks to combine economic and social objectives in the development of activities. Subsequently, focusing on labor companies, updated its importance in the regional economy for later data and through the analysis of two samples are available, set the attributes or most significant characteristics of these entrepreneurs.

Project evaluation SOU-estuTUtor: mentors��� perception

The introduction of new degrees in the Faculty of Education and the relevance of educational guidance comes to them, as a compulsory subject in all four grades started from 2009-2010, gives the opportunity to return and boost the University Guidance Service (UGS) as a means of consistency with the profile of their education and professional development of its students. The aim of the paper focuses on the evaluation of the results after the first year of implementing a peer mentoring project, SOU-estuTUtor Project, developed from UGS with all degree students of the Faculty of Education for Students new entrants. Program has been evaluated through the perception and satisfaction of the mentors on the organization, training, skills developed and adapted to the needs of students. After one academic year of implementation, the results show, on the one hand, the satisfaction and commitment of those involved and the partial response to the needs of the students served, as well as the optimization of the personal resources of the university but also some limitations that make it necessary to review the mentoring program in terms of control and duration of the process.