Mapa de las series de vegetación de las cuencas alta y media del río Curueño (León)

En el presente trabajo se lleva a cabo el estudio sinfitosociológico de las cuencas alta ymedia del río Curueño (León), en base a la toma de sininventarios de vegetación y se realiza la cartografía de las series presentes en dicho territorio.

Mapa de las series de vegetación de la cuenca alta del río Porma (NE de León, España)

Se presenta el mapa de las series de vegetación de la cuenca alta del río Porma: se ha realizado basándose en datos geológicos, bioclimáticos, fitogeográficos y sinfitosociológicos.

Mapa de las Series de Vegetación de la Cuenca Alta del Río Bernesga (León)

In this paper, the vegetal landscape from higher part of Bernesga river (León province) by means of several climatophilous and edaphophilous vegetation series. A mapa of vegetasion series from higher part of Bernesga rrver is presenled.

Análisis multivariable de la vegetación de un complejo de turberas en Cordillera Pelada (Valdivia,Chile)

Se estudió la vegetación en un gradiente de inclinación de un complejo de turberas, en la cordillera costera de Valdivia, Chile. Se levantaron 17 censos de vegetación, ubicados equidistantes en un transecto de 50 m. La tabla fitosociológica resultante se analizó con métodos estadísticos multivariables de ordenación y de clasificación. Además, se determinaron algunas características químicas del sustrato. El transecto estudiado corresponde a una coenoclina, cuya parte alta es ocupada por un alerzal (Fitzroyeturn cupressoidis), en la zona intermedia se desarrolla una turbera ombrogénica de Donatia fascicularis (Drosero-Donatieturn fascicularis) y, en la parte inferior, una topogénica de Sphagnum magellanicum (Sphagnetum magellanicii). En las zonas ecotonales entre estas comunidades prosperan pantanos turbosos de Astelia pumila (Astelio-Oreoboletum obtusangulae) y de Marsippospermum philippii (Marsippospormo-Astelietum pumiliae) que muestran escasa diferenciación florística. Se proponen dos alianzas fitosociológicas nuevas Donation fascicularis (turberas de Donatia) y Astelion pumilae (pantanos de Astelia) para la clase Myrteolo-Sphagnetea Oberdorfer 1960. Los contenidos de materia orgánica y de agua del sustrato son los factores determinantes de estos patrones de distribución. Finalmente, se analiza la posición fitogeográfica de las comunidades vegetales determinadas.

Aportaciones al conocimiento de la flora diánica

Se aportan nuevas localidades de táxones recolectados en el territorio diánico (comarca de La Marina Alta. Alicante) que constituyen primeras citas provinciales o tienen una distribución territorial poco conocida.

Lecanora rhizinata spec. nova, liquen taxonómicamente aislado, sobre fisuras de rocas exfoliables, en España

Se describe una nueva especie de Lecanora Ach. (L. rhizinata Poetl., Barreno & Rico) de la alta montaña del Centro de España, que se desarrolla sobre rocas metamórficas fácilmente exfoliables. La especie puede encuadrarse dentro de la subsección Concolores Poelt (sect. Petrasterion Poelt, subgen. Placodium (Pers.) Poelt) del género Lecanora. Sin embargo, la compleja estructura anatómica del talo, en la que se diferencian fascículos de hifas fuertemente conglutinadas, que partiendo del córtex penetran hacia la médula llegando, en ocasiones, hasta el límite inferior de la escuámula e intercalándose con la capa gonidial a la que disgregan en glomérulos, unido a la presencia de cordones rizinales («Rhizinenstränge»), hacen que la nueva especie tenga una posición aislada dentro del grupo Concolores y pudiera reclamar un estatus distinto. Asimismo se hace una comparación con otras especies de la citada subsect. Concolores y con otros géneros de Lecanoraceae.

Brassica oleracea L. distribution and ecology in the Iberian atlantic coasts

The distribution and ecology of Brassica oleracea in the atlantic coasts of Iberian Peninsule are studied. A new association or nitrified maritime cliffs is described: Crithmo-Brassicetum oleraceae. This community has been included in the Alliance Crithmo-Armerion due to the high presence of halophitic species.

Treatment of effluents contaminated with prions. Chemical reactor design

The control and elimination of prionic infective agents that may be present in the effluents, turns out to be a complicated mechanism inside a High Containment bological Facility. There are two ways to carry out this neutralization: Installation of thermal systems to ensure achieve a minimum temperature of 134 ° C sterilization plateau for a residence time of 18 minutes, and the use of chemical reactors based on the addition of sodium hypochlorite so the mixture maintained 2% of free chlorine during the reaction period. This study presents the design phases, elements and benefits, of a chemical reactor that allows the treatment of prion effluents in order to serve as a model to biocontainment facilities with areas of animal experimentation, who want to develop their work with prions.

Monitorización de la temperatura del pie como herramienta en la neuropatía diabética

Objteivo: Valorar si existe relación entre el aumento de temperatura en el pie y la neuropatía diabética periférica. Métodos: La muestra fueron 27 pacientes diabéticos a que se le realizó una exploración neurológica y vascular, además, haciendo uso de un termómetro infrarrojo medimos la temperatura en distintos puntos anatómicos de la planta del pie. Resultados: La temperatura es mayor los pacientes con neuropatía con una diferencia de 2,24ºC (p=0,454) en el pie derecho y 0,86ºC (p=0,589) en el pie izquierdo. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que la automonitorización de la temperatura del pie por parte del paciente diabético podría ayudar a reducir la alta incidencia de complicaciones en el pie diabético.

Variaciones termométricas en la planta del pie y piernas valorada en corredores antes y después de correr 30 km

La termometría es una técnica no invasiva que permite cuantificar los cambios en la temperatura cutánea y evaluarla de forma cuantitativa. El aumento significativo de la temperatura puede indicar la existencia de patología. Se ha demostrado que la actividad muscular induce procesos de transferencia de calor entre los músculos y las capas superficiales de tejido. En este estudio queremos cuantificar los cambios de temperatura que se producen en los músculos del pie y miembro inferior tras una carrera de 30 km, para ello hemos utilizado una cámara termográfica de alta resolución. Contamos con la colaboración voluntaria de 32 sujetos sanos a los que procedimos a tomar fotografías de la planta del pie, parte anterior de la pierna, parte posterior de la pierna, parte anterior del muslo y parte posterior del muslo en dos etapas, primero antes de la carrera y segunda toma después de la carrera de 30 km, de esta manera pudimos valorar si había o no variación de temperatura en las zonas seleccionadas. Tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos encontramos significativas variaciones térmicas en Talón, cabeza primer metatarsiano, cabeza segundo metatarsiano, cabeza tercer metatarsiano, cabeza cuarto metatarsiano, cabeza quinto metatarsiano, apófisis estiloides quinto metatarsiano, arco longitudinal interno, maléolo interno, maléolo externo, peroneo lateral largo, vasto interno, vasto externo, recto femoral, tensor de la fascia lata, inserción cuádriceps, gemelo interno, tendón de Aquiles y Biceps femoral.

The trade unions membership dynamics and union members’ trajectories

This text presents an analysis of aggregated membership’s dynamics for Spanish trade unions, using ECVT data, as well as union memberships’ trajectories, or members’ decisions about joining the organization, permanency and responsibilities, and subsequent attrition. For the analysis of trajectories we make use of information of the records of actual memberships and the record of quitting of CCOO, and of a survey-questionnaire to a sample of leavers of the same union. This study allows us to confirm a linkage between the decision and motivations to become union member, to participate in union activities, the time of permanency, and the motives to quit the organization. We also identify five types of union members’ trajectories, indicating that, far from views that assert a monolithic structure, unions are complex organizations.

Citizens’ attitudes toward public services. Satisfaction in 2009-2011

The aim of this paper is to study the recent changes on citizens’ satisfaction with the performance ofpublic services, in the period 2009-2011 in Spain. Using data from the surveys on Quality of PublicServices, developed by the Sociological Research Center jointly with the National Agency for theEvaluation of Public Services and Quality of Services, our results show that the level of satisfactionhas slightly increased, which seems to display a greater tendency to positively value public servicesduring economic retrenchment. A major determinant of high satisfaction is self-reported ideology.Besides, immigrants display higher levels of satisfaction than Spaniards.

Welfare Effort and Poverty from the Monetary and Capabilities Approach: A Cross-Country Analysis in Latin American and the Caribbean (1990-2010)

There is abundant empirical evidence on the negative relationship between welfare effort and poverty. However, poverty indicators traditionally used have been representative of the monetary approach, excluding its multidimensional reality from the analysis. Using three regression techniques for the period 1990-2010 and controlling for demographic and cyclical factors, this paper examines the relationship between social spending per capita —as the indicator of welfare effort— and poverty in up to 21 countries of the region. The proportion of the population with an income below its national basic basket of goods and services (PM1) and the proportion of population with an income below 50% of the median income per capita (PM2) were the two poverty indicators considered from the monetarist approach to measure poverty. From the capability approach the proportion of the population with food inadequacy (PC1) and the proportion of the population without access to improved water sources or sanitation facilities (PC2) were used. The fi ndings confi rm that social spending is actually useful to explain changes in poverty (PM1, PC1 and PC2), as there is a high negative and signifi cant correlation between the variables before and after controlling for demographic and cyclical factors. In two regression techniques, social spending per capita did not show a negative relationship with the PM2. Countries with greater welfare effort for the period 1990-2010 were not necessarily those with the lowest level of poverty. Ultimately social spending per capita was more useful to explain changes in poverty from the capability approach.

Dynamic analysis of employment trajectories through the concept of fl exicurity

The paper presents a dynamic study of the Spanish labour market which tries to determine if it matches the characteristics of transitional labour markets from a fl exicurity approach. Employment trajectories of Spanish workers during the years 2007-2010 are studied using the Continuous Sample of Working Lives. This period covers the end of the expansion of the Spanish economy and the beginning of the current employment crisis. From the combination of the chosen topic, the approach, and the database used, this is a novel perspective in our country. The article shows evidence of the evolution of the employment and unemployment spells, the Spanish labour market turnover degree, and the diffi culties of some groups for carrying out transition between employment and unemployment. The results obtained show a labour market in which a) transitions have come to a halt, and b) there is high job insecurity.

El modelo del sistema viable: una referencia estratégica para el estudio organizacional del sector cooperativo chileno

The Chilean Cooperative Sector (SCCh) can be explained as a human activity system of high complexity, which seeks to maintain an independent existence, in example, be viable. From this perspective, the Viable System Model (MSV) as conceptual reference presents a real opportunity to study the organization of the cooperative sector in Chile.The central objective of the work refers to study the feasibility of SCCh in a context of sectorial organization, considering the social, legal and economic fabric of the country today.To do this, supported by a systemic methodology were performed: a characterization of the problem situation of the sector -identifying some relevant factors in the areas of market structure, legal regulations and inter cooperation-an organizational diagnosis and proposed a set guidelines for its development.From the above it is concluded that there is relevance between the characteristics of the case study theoretical and methodological approach. The methodology takes tested in other organizational practices such as VIPLAN tools, and applies the SCCh. Its contribution in the field of study is oriented around a holistic view of the organization and promotion of their viability, thereby generating an approach that delivers specific sectorial development strategies, surpassing the approximation of descriptive characterization. Thus, we provide a diagnostic model of the Chilean Cooperative Sector and propose guidelines to support their organizational development.