Health reforms in Latin America: processes and results

Two types of health reforms in Latin America are analysed: one based on insurance and service commodification and the one referred to the unified public systems of progressive governments. Health insurance with explicit service packages has not fulfilled their purposes of universal coverage, equal access to necessary health services and improvement of health conditions but has opened health as a field of profit making for insurance companies and private health providers. The national health services as a state obligation have developed territorialized health services and widened substantially timely access to the majority of the population. The adoption of an integrated and wide social policy has an impact on population well fare. It faces some problems derived from the old health systems and the power of the insurance and medical complex.

Weaving Futures. Family Transnationalism in the migration from Dominican Republic and Brazil to Spain

This article explores forms of migrant families’ reorganization within a (new) global economic crisis and the hardening of migration control in Europe; based on the cases of Dominican and Brazilian migration to Spain.Our goal is not to characterize the wholeness of strategies from these collectives, instead visualize its heterogeneity. Displacement of Dominican and Brazilian population to Spain shares the role of women as the first link of migration chains. In both cases women are the economic support of transnational families and they lead reunification's processes. Nevertheless, differences in the time spent in the destination country, migratory status, origin (rural-urban), level of education, class and labor insertion in destination country, affect differently, the planning and start up of migration projects, the organization of care and family reunification strategies. These findings question the predominant place granted to national origin in the study of international migration.

Migrant women’s employment in paid reproductive work through the crisis: the case of Italy (2007-2012)

Paid reproductive work, especially in the case of cleaning and home-care for elderly people, is an important sector for foreign women in Italy. For this reason, since the beginning of the current economic crisis, scholars have wondered about the impact of the recession on migrant domestic workers. They have looked particularly at possible competition with Italian women entering the sector for lack of better alternatives. Our paper takes this discussion a step further by assessing the overall changes affecting migrant women in the Italian labour market, 2007-2012. We will look at how their position has been transformed, by taking both an ethnic perspective, in relation to Italian women, and a gender perspective, in relation to migrant men. By way of a conclusion, the argument will be made that there is a substantial lack of competition between Italian and foreign women in the care and domestic sector due to differences in their earnings, hours of work and activities.

Transgresión de las identidades tradicionales de género mediante la representación gráfica de mujeres protagonistas para videojuegos desarrollada por niños y niñas

El artículo identifica y analiza el discurso predominante que poseen 12 niños y 7 niñas de 7° y 8° año básico pertenecientes a 4 establecimientos educacionales en la ciudad de Talca en Chile, en torno a la transgresión de las identidades tradicionales de la mujer en los videojuegos. Para ello durante el 1° semestre del año 2014 al interior de un programa de formación de profesores/as en Artes Visuales se implementa una estrategia didáctica centrada en la expresión gráfica denominada “Crea tu propia personaje para videojuego”. Haciendo partícipes a niños y niñas junto a profesionales en formación de una propuesta metodológica basada en la Investigación-Acción enmarcada en las prácticas profesionales. Concluyendo tras el análisis semántico de dibujos y relatos, que las imágenes representativas de la mujer en los videojuegos transgreden las identidades tradicionales de género al interior de un marco androcéntrico predominante.