Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Excess Loss of Electrical Steel

The interpretation of the effect of plastic deformation on the calculated excess loss component (anomalous-loss) supports the concept of loss separation. Magnetic losses and Barkhausen noise of nonoriented electrical steel sheets were measured on Epstein strips taken from a single coil of 0.8% Si nonoriented electrical steel. Sheets were extracted in the annealed condition, without any skin pass and with a grain size of 18 mu m. This material was cold rolled in order to obtain sets of samples with true strain from 2% up to 29%. X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the dislocation density. The analysis of magnetic properties was performed by Barkhausen noise measurements and also by analyzing the hysteresis loops obtained from Epstein frame measurements for different inductions and different frequencies (including the quasi-static regime for hysteresis loss measurements). These data allowed us to observe that most of the well known total loss increase with plastic deformation is due to an increase in the hysteresis loss component, while excess loss decreases to become negligible. This behavior can be explained if it is assumed that the plastic deformation lead to an increase in the number of domain walls per unit volume, thereby decreasing the excess loss. Barkhausen peak area increases with plastic deformation, reproducing results taken from samples of different silicon content.

Monsplasty for Women After Massive Weight Loss

Ptosis with excess skin in the pubic area is a very common deformity in patients after massive weight loss. This deformity requires adequate surgical treatment whether combined with abdominoplasty or not. The enlarged pubogenital area may lead to psychosocial distress and impaired quality of life. A series of 23 women with a mean age of 39.5 years who previously underwent bariatric surgeries and later presented with pubogenital ptosis underwent monsplasty. The preoperative surgical markings and the surgical technique presented are easily reproducible. In this prospective study, the surgical outcomes were assessed by questionnaires applied to the patients, who scored the following parameters: movement dynamics, aesthetic appearance, sexual performance, improved hygiene, and use of clothing items. Four of the parameters assessed (movement dynamics, aesthetic appearance, hygiene, and use of clothing items) showed clear improvement, with scores ranging from good to very good. A small percentage of the patients (13%) reported fair improvement in sexual performance. The findings showed monsplasty to be a simple and reproducible technique with favorable outcomes and low morbidity rates.