Optimum temperature for the growth performance of juvenile orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides H.)

Effects of water temperature (17, 21, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C) and body size (14.75-281.41 g initial body weight) on food consumption, growth, feed conversion, and dry matter content in orange-spotted grouper fed to satiation were investigated. The combined effect of temperature (T, degrees C) and body weight (W, g) on maximum food consumption (C-max, g/day) was described as: InCmax= -7.411+0.828 lnW+0.317T-0.004 7T(2), and the optimum feeding temperature was 33.9 degrees C. The combined effect of temperature and body weight on growth (G) was described as: InG= -4.461-0.208lnW+0.394T-0.006 3T(2). The optimum growth temperature was 31.4 degrees C, whereas overall growth rates were high at 25, 30 and 35 degrees C. Feed conversion efficiencies (FCE, %), increasing first and then decreasing with increasing temperature, averaged from 1.8 to 2.1 in terms of dry weight of food fish. The optimum temperature for FCE tended to be lower than that for growth or feeding. Dry matter content increased with both increasing water temperature (17, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C) and body weight, and the combined effect of temperature and body weight on dry matter content (DM, %) was described as: lnDM =3.232+0.01 4 lnW-0.004 4T+0.001 2TlnW.

Assessment of the structural properties of GaAs/Si epilayers using X-ray (004) and (220) reflections

We improved the method previously used to determine the lattice constants and misorientation of GaAs/Si by recording the patterns of X-ray (004) and (220) reflections. The (220) reflection was measured from the (110) cross section of a GaAs/Si epilayer. The structural properties of the GaAs/Si epilayers grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) using an ultrathin a-Si buffer layer were investigated. The rotation angle of GaAs/Si epilayers grown by MOCVD using an a-Si buffer layer is very small and the lattice constants of these GaAs/Si epilayers agree quite well with elastic theory.

L-异亮氨酸高产菌定向育种与代谢控制发酵

以L-异亮氨酸产生菌A_(41-3)为出发菌株，经过定向育种和与L-缬氨酸生物合成突变株原生质体融合，从中选育出一株抗α-氨基-β-羟基戊酸、S-（-2-氨基乙基-）-半胱氨酸、乙硫氨酸、异亮氨酸羟肟酸、2-噻唑丙氨酸和红霉素的亮氨酸生物合成缺陷型CN_(69-1)，通过对L-异亮氨酸生物合成代谢控制发酵条件的研究，在含葡萄糖11%，生物素100 μg/L，硫酸铵4.5%，磷酸二氢钾0.3%，硫酸镁0.02%，硫胺素800 μg/L，硫酸亚铁0.004%，硫酸锰0.004%，碳酸钙2%，L-亮氨酸0.02%，pH6.8-7.0培养基中，32 ℃摇瓶发酵72h，可产生L-异亮氨酸23.6g/L。通过定向筛选缬氨酸代谢活性菌株CN_(69-8)，使缬氨酸生物合成量由8.73g/L下降至1.81g/L，L-异亮氨酸生物合成量保持在24g/L左右。在2.000L发酵罐上进行了pH值、通气量、补料等培养条件优化的研究，在适宜条件下，菌株CN_(69-8)发酵44h，L-异亮氨酸生物合成量可达20g/L以上。测定了有关菌株L-异亮氨酸生物合成关键酶苏氨酸脱氢酶、乙酰羟酸合成酶和分枝链氨基酸转氨酶性变化，结果表明，有关关键酶的活性均比出发菌株为高。通过生长谱法确定L-亮氨酸生物合成途径所缺失的酶是异丙基苹果酸脱氢酶。采用732阳离子交换树脂从发酵液中分离提取L-异亮氨酸。研究了发酵液酸化pH值、吸附体积、不同浓度洗脱剂以及单柱吸咐与双柱串联吸咐对L-异亮氨酸分离提取的影响。确定酸化pH值为2.0，以双柱串联吸咐，用0.2mol.L~(-1)氯化铵-0.1 mol.L~(-1)氨水复合洗脱分离的工艺条件，提取总收率可达45%以上。发酵产品经红外光谱，纸层析，比旋光度等项测定证明明是L-异亮氨酸。发酵中试分离提取的总收率可达40%以上，产品经检验确定为L-异亮氨酸，其质量符合《中华人民共和国药典》标准。

科尔沁沙地69种植物种子重量比较研究

研究了科尔沁沙地 6 9种植物的繁殖体 (30种为种子 ,39种为果实 )重量。结果表明 :1 )传播体为果实的植物可分为 4个组别 (即果实单粒重 <0 .1mg、0 .1～ 0 .9999mg、1～ 9.9999mg、1 0～ 99.9999mg) ;黄蒿 (Artemisiasco paria)果实 (0 .0 5 1 7mg)和小香蒲 (Typhaminima)果实 (0 .0 6 82mg)最轻 ,苍耳 (Xanthiumsibiricum)单个果实 (77.894 3mg)最重 ;2 )传播体为种子的植物可分为 3个组别 (即种子单粒重 0 .1～ 0 .9999mg、1～ 9.9999mg、1 0～ 99.9999mg) ;马齿苋 (Portulacaoleracea)种子 (0 .1 5 1 4mg)最轻 ,苦参 (Sophoraflavescens)种子 (4 6 .781 6mg)最重 ;3)黄蒿、马齿苋、轮叶沙参 (Adenophoratetraphylla)、碱地肤 (Kochiasieversiana)、狼尾花 (Lysimachiabarystachys)、灰绿藜 (Chenopodiumglaucum)、刺沙蓬 (Salsolaruthenica)、菟丝子 (Cuscutachinensis)、大籽蒿 (Artemisiasieversiana)、狗尾草 (Setariaviridis)、野古草 (Arundinellahirta)等植物所以广泛分布可能是因为它们繁殖体轻 (<1mg)且具有持久土壤种子库 ;4 )流沙上的先锋植物或沙生演替系列前期植物沙蓬 (Agriphyllumsquarrosum)、差巴嘎蒿 (Artemisiahalodendron)、乌丹蒿 (Artemisiawudanica)、狗尾草、雾冰藜 (Bassia

Ni_(69.5)Al_(28)Y_(2.5)粉末的机械合金化

对 Ni6 9.5Al2 8Y2 .5粉末进行球磨 ,获得 Ni Al金属间化合物 .研究粉末结构与球磨时间的关系 ,探索以中间合金的形式加入稀土元素的机械合金化方法 .结果表明 ,加入稀土元素后 ,用机械合金化的方法可以生成新的金属间化合物.