27 resultados para STORIA MODERNA (1),11835,Lettere e Filosofia,0012,Lettere,0264,,,CURRICULUM 6 (CURRICULUM MODERNO: MODELLI E LINGUAGGI DELLA TRADIZIONE),472,,,2007,5

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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Facilitated ion transfer reactions of 20 amino acids with di.benzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) at the water/1,2-dichloroethane (W/DCE) interfaces supported at the tips of micro- and nano-pipets were investigated systematically using cyclic voltammetry. It was found that there were only 10 amino acids, that is, Leu, Val, Ile, Phe, Trp, Met, Ala, Gly, Cys, Gln (in brief), whose protonated forms as cations can give well-defined facilitated ion transfer voltammograms within the potential window, and the reaction pathway was proven to be consistent with the transfer by interfacial complexation/dissociation (TIC/TID) mechanisms. The association constants of DB 18C6 with different amino acids in the DCE (beta(0)), and the kinetic parameters of reaction were evaluated based on the steady-state voltammetry of micro- or nano-pipets, respectively The experimental results demonstrated that the selectivity of complexation of protonated amino acid by DB18C6 compared with that of alkali metal cations was low, which can be attributed to the vicinal effect arising from steric hindrance introduced by their side group and the steric bulk effect by lipophilic stabilization.

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Facilitated alkali metal ion (M+= Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+) transfers across the micro- and nano-water/1,2-dichloroethane (W/DCE) interfaces supported at the tips of micro- and nanopipets by dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) have been investigated systematically using cyclic voltammetry. The theory developed by Matsuda et al. was applied to estimate the association constants of DB18C6 and M+ in the DCE phase based on the experimental voltammetric results. The kinetic measurements for alkali metal ion transfer across the W/DCE interface facilitated by DB18C6 were conducted using nanopipets or-submicropipets, and the standard rate constants (k(0)) were evaluated by analysis of the experimental voltammetric data. They increase in the following order: k(Cs+)(0) < k(Li+)(0) < k(Rb+)(0) < k(Na+)(0) < k(K+)(0), which is in accordance with their association constants except Cs+ and Li+.

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Ta2O5膜采用传统的电子束蒸发方法制备,并在氧气中673 K的条件下进行了退火12 h处理。首先在1-on-1体系下对Ta2O5膜进行了532和1064 nm波长下的激光损伤阈值(LIDT) 研究,然后在n-on-1体系下分别对532,800和1064 nm三种波长下的激光损伤阈值进行了研究。结果表明在n-on-1体系下Ta2O5膜在532和1064 nm波长下的阈值均高于1-on-1体系下的阈值。此外,在n-on-1体系下,薄膜的阈值随波长增加而增大。同时发现,在氧气中进行退火对Ta2O5膜的光学性能

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本发明提供化合物5,6-二羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-4-酮-4H-1-苯并吡喃基-7-羟基-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸在制备抗艾滋病药物中和在制备逆转录酶抑制剂药物中的应用。

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目的:研究小檗碱和巴马汀母核上己基的引入对化合物抗HIV-1活性的影响,并比较结构相似的小檗碱和巴马汀抗HIV-1活性的差异.方法:考察4个化合物对重组HIV-1 RT活性、HIV-1复制和细胞毒性的影响.结果:小檗碱和巴马汀有较强的体外抑制HIV-1重组逆转录酶活性, EC50分别是63.1和44.52 μg·mL-1;己基巴马汀有一定的抗HIV-1活性,合胞体抑制的EC50是0.08 μg·mL-1,治疗指数为11.38;巴马汀对各种细胞系的细胞毒性较其他3种化合物小.结论:己基巴马汀有一定的抗HIV-1活性,己基的引入可能改变了其作用机制,提示构效关系的研究将为寻找高效低毒的天然化合物提供实验依据.

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The genes of IRF-1 and IRF-7 have been cloned from the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi). The IRF-1 gene has 4919 nucleotides (nt) and contains 10exons and 9introns, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 903 ntencoding301 aa. The IRF-7 gene has 6057 nt and also contains 10exons and 9introns, with an ORF of 1308 nt encoding 436 aa. The IRF-1 and IRF-7 genes have only one copy each in the genome. The transcription of IRF-1 and IRF-7 in different organs was analyzed by real-time PCR, and both molecules were constitutively expressed. The IRF-I and IRF-7 mRNAs were abundant in gill, spleen, kidney and pronephros. The temporal transcriptional changes for IRF-1, IRF-7 and Mx were investigated within 48 h after poly I: C stimulation in liver, gill, spleen and pronephros. An increased transcription was detected for IRF-1 and IRF-7 12 h post-stimulation, being earlier than the transcription of Mx protein; however, IRF-1 and IRF-7 transcription decreased while the Mx protein was stable at 48 h post-stimulation. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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The sheet carrier concentrations, conduction band profiles and amount of free carriers in the barriers have been determined by solving coupled Schrodinger and Poisson equation self-consistently for coherently grown Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN and Al0.3Ga0.7N/AlN/GaN structures on thick GaN. The Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN heterojunction structures with and without 1 nm AlN interlayer have been grown by MOCVD on sapphire substrate, the physical properties for these two structures have been investigated by various instruments such as Hall measurement and X-ray diffraction. By comparison of the theoretical and experimental results, we demonstrate that the sheet carrier concentration and the electrons mobility would be improved by the introduction of an AlN interlayer for Al0.3Ga0.7N/GaN structure. Mechanisms for the increasing of the sheet carrier concentration and the electrons mobility will be discussed in this paper. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Starting from the growth of high-quality 1.3 mu m GaInNAs/GaAs quantum well (QW), the QW emission wavelength has been extended up to 1.55 mu m by a combination of lowering growth rate, using GaNAs barriers and incorporating some amount of Sb. The photoluminescence properties of 1.5 mu m range GaInNAsSb/GaNAs QWs are quite comparable to the 1.3 mu m QWs, revealing positive effect of Sb on improving the optical quality of the QWs. A 1.59 mu m lasing of a GaInNAsSb/GaNAs single-QW laser diode is obtained under continuous current injection at room temperature. The threshold current density is 2.6 kA/cm(2) with as-cleaved facet mirrors. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics.

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Characteristics of a 1.3-mum GaInNAs RCE PD with respect to the incident light angle were analyzed both in theoretical simulation and experiments. The results show the influence can be neglected when the light incidence angle is less than 3degrees. This is a requirement for the PD to be applied in WDM networks. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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采用Cr/Al催化体系,成功地合成了全同1,2-聚丁二烯(PBD),并用DSC方法、X-射线衍射、红外光谱及~(13)C-NMR的方法进行结构与物性测定,得如下结果:全同1,2-PBD的熔点为124.3℃;三角晶系中,分子链成了螺旋,晶胞参数为a=17.3A,c= 6.5A;在红外光谱中,其特征谱带出现在694.4 cm~(-1)处;在~(13)C-NMR谱中仅出现四条谱峰,其化学位移分别为142.51、111.56、39.26、37.43 ppm。全同1,2-PBD的~(13)C-NMR谱提供的实验数据表明,在~(13)C-NMR谱中1,2-PBD-CH二碳十个五元组谱峰的归属是有别于Elgert、Kumar已有的归属。它属于一种新的归属,与半经验方法所推演的结果相符。它恰巧同聚丙烯侧甲基五元组谱峰的归属一致。采用半经验方法研究了1,2-PBD的~(13)C-NMR增中CH二碳五元组、CH_2-碳四元组及六元组共振谱峰,同时讨论了模型链的链长、温度以及立构序列的排列对各立构序列键概率的影响,求得了相应的r值。同时采用经验方法对1,2-PBD的~(13)C-NMR谱中CH_2=碳、CH-碳五元组及CH_2-碳四元组谱峰做了归属。两种方法对CH_2-碳谱峰的归属得到了一致的结果。

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1、喜树碱类衍生物抗HIV构效关系与作用机制研究 喜树碱为传统的抗肿瘤药物。本研究对经过化学结构修饰的喜树碱类衍生物进行抗HIV活性及作用机制的研究,并初步探讨了其抗HIV构效关系。 我们对喜树碱类衍生物A系列化合物A1(喜树碱)、A2(10-羟基喜树碱)及A3(7-羟基喜树碱)进行了抗HIV活性检测。化合物A1和A3有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,化合物A2没有显示抗HIV活性。表明化合物A1的C-10位上-OH基团修饰可能会降低抗HIV活性,化合物A1的C-7位上-CH2OH基团修饰和C-20位-CH3缺失可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物A3和A1的抗HIV机制研究发现:二者对整合酶有一定的结合活性,对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB 和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对重组的HIV-1蛋白酶和逆转录酶没有抑制活性。化合物A1和A3不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9和Jurkat细胞系的作用。进一步进行化合物A3诱导 H9和H9/HIV-1ⅢB、Jurkat和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB的凋亡实验显示,化合物A3诱导感染HIV-1ⅢB和未感染病毒细胞的凋亡没有选择性。据此我们初步认为化合物A3和A1的抗HIV作用可能与抑制整合酶活性有关,该化合物可能还作用于其它靶点。 喜树碱类衍生物B系列中化合物B1为20(S)-O - [-O-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基哌啶-4'-丁二酸)]-20-喜树碱酯,化合物B2为20(S)-O - [-N-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基-1',2',5',6'-四氢吡啶酰胺)-4'-丙氨酸)]-20-喜树碱酯)。我们对化合物B1和B2进行了抗HIV活性检测。结果显示:化合物B2有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-21、喜树碱类衍生物抗HIV构效关系与作用机制研究 喜树碱为传统的抗肿瘤药物。本研究对经过化学结构修饰的喜树碱类衍生物进行抗HIV活性及作用机制的研究,并初步探讨了其抗HIV构效关系。 我们对喜树碱类衍生物A系列化合物A1(喜树碱)、A2(10-羟基喜树碱)及A3(7-羟基喜树碱)进行了抗HIV活性检测。化合物A1和A3有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,化合物A2没有显示抗HIV活性。表明化合物A1的C-10位上-OH基团修饰可能会降低抗HIV活性,化合物A1的C-7位上-CH2OH基团修饰和C-20位-CH3缺失可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物A3和A1的抗HIV机制研究发现:二者对整合酶有一定的结合活性,对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB 和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对重组的HIV-1蛋白酶和逆转录酶没有抑制活性。化合物A1和A3不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9和Jurkat细胞系的作用。进一步进行化合物A3诱导 H9和H9/HIV-1ⅢB、Jurkat和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB的凋亡实验显示,化合物A3诱导感染HIV-1ⅢB和未感染病毒细胞的凋亡没有选择性。据此我们初步认为化合物A3和A1的抗HIV作用可能与抑制整合酶活性有关,该化合物可能还作用于其它靶点。 喜树碱类衍生物B系列中化合物B1为20(S)-O - [-O-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基哌啶-4'-丁二酸)]-20-喜树碱酯,化合物B2为20(S)-O - [-N-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基-1',2',5',6'-四氢吡啶酰胺)-4'-丙氨酸)]-20-喜树碱酯)。我们对化合物B1和B2进行了抗HIV活性检测。结果显示:化合物B2有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,而化合物B1的抗HIV活性差。表明化合物B1的C-4’位-CH2被-NH取代,同时C-3’位-CH3修饰可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物B2的抗HIV机制研究发现,化合物B2对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对HIV-1蛋白酶、重组的HIV-1逆转录酶及整合酶没有抑制活性。化合物B2不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9细胞系的作用。化合物B2抗HIV的作用机制还需进一步研究。 2、HIV/AIDS患者疱疹病毒感染状况及性病患者的HIV感染状况分析 疱疹病毒是AIDS患者合并感染的常见病原体。引起人类疾病的8种疱疹病毒与HIV感染及AIDS进展、机会性感染、恶性肿瘤密切相关。为了解HIV/AIDS患者人类8型疱疹病毒感染状况,我们检测了30例AIDS患者、40例HIV携带者及70例正常对照的液标本中8型疱疹病毒感染状况。采用ELISA法检测单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)、单纯疱疹病毒2型(HSV-2)、水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)和巨细胞病毒(CMV);采用PCR法检测EB病毒(EBV)、疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)、疱疹病毒7型(HHV-7)及疱疹病毒8型(HHV-8)。结果显示,HIV/AIDS患者中HSV-1、HSV-2、VZV、CMV、HHV-6、HHV-8 阳性率均高于健康体检者,其中AIDS患者VZV感染率与HIV携带者有显著性差异;在AIDS患者中多种疱疹病毒共感染普遍存在,必须重视HIV/AIDS患者合并疱疹病毒感染的防治。 性病可促进HIV的传播,了解性病患者的HIV感染状况及临床特征具有重要的意义。在自愿接受HIV咨询检测的基础上,对临床确诊的412例性病患者进行HIV-1/2抗体检测,并对其临床特征进行分析研究。结果显示412例性病患者的HIV检出率为2.9%。性病患者中检出HIV阳性率依次为:尖锐湿疣(6.2%)、生殖器疱疹(4.2%)、梅毒(3.4%)、淋病(1.5%)及非淋菌性尿道炎(1.0%)。83.3%合并感染HIV的性病患者存在多性伴,商业性行为普遍存在,安全套使用率极低现象。感染HIV的尖锐湿疣及生殖器疱疹患者以频繁复发为突出表现,1例合并感染HIV的梅毒患者半年即进展为神经梅毒。性病患者是HIV感染的重要高危人群,危险性行为是其感染HIV和其它性病的主要原因,应该加强性病患者的HIV检测。对临床上频繁复发的尖锐湿疣及生殖器疱疹患者、快速进展的梅毒患者应高度怀疑合并HIV感染的可能。

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室温下在单晶Si中注入(0.6-1.5)at%的C原子,部分样品在C离子注入之前在其中注入~(29)Si~+离子产生损伤,然后在相同条件下利用高温退火固相外延了Si_(1-x)C_x合金,研究了预注入对Si_(1-x)C_x合金形成的影响。如果注入C离子的剂量小于引起Si非晶化的剂量,在950℃退火过程中注入产生的损伤缺陷容易与C原子结合形成缺陷团簇,难于形成Si_(1-x)C_x合金,预注入形成的损伤有利于合金的形成。随着C离子剂量的增大,注入产生的损伤增强,预注入反而不利于Si_(1-x)C_x合金的形成,但当注入C原子的浓度超过固相外延的溶解度时,预注入的影响可以忽略。退火温度升高到1050℃,无论预注入还是未预注入样品,C含量低的合金相仍然保留,而C含量高的合金相大部分消失。

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利用离子注入和高温退火的方法在Si中生长了C含量为0.6%~1.0%的Si_(1-x)C_x合金,研究了不同注入剂量下Si_(1-x)C_x合金的形成及其在退火过程中的稳定性。如果注入剂量小于引起Si非晶化的剂量,850℃退火后,注入产生的损伤缺陷容易与C原子结合形成缺陷团簇,难于形成Si_(1-x)C_x合金。随着注入C离子剂量的增大,注入产生的损伤增强,容易形成Si_(1-x)C_x合金,但注入的剂量增大到一定程度,Si_(1-x)C_x合金的应变将趋于饱和,即只有部分C原子进入晶格位置形成合金相。Si_(1-x)C_X合金一旦形成,在950℃仍比较稳定,而温度高于1000℃,合金的应力将部分释放。随着合金中C原子浓度的升高,合金的稳定性变差。