心理干预对围手术期乳腺癌患者情绪、自评健康及免疫功能的影响研究

Objective：Developing a generalized psychological intervention program, and explore its influence on the emotion, subjective health, and immunity function of the perioperation patients with breast cancer. Method：Sixty patients with breast cancer were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The clinical psychological intervention was performed on patients in the intervention group for 20 days, in addition to the routine therapy and care. Levels of emotion (SAS & SDS), subjective health (SF-36), and immunity function (t lymphocyte subsets) of the patients were tested. Results: 1.There was no significant difference between the age, income, educational level, and type of prefession of the two groups. There was no significant difference between SAS, SDS, SF-36 and lymphocyte subsets（CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, NK） of the two groups. 2. Scores of SAS and SDS decreased significantly after intervention in experimental group, while the score of SF-36, the average value of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and NK increased significantly. For the control group, the score of depression decreased significantly after intervention, while the score of PF, GH, VT, SF, RE, and MH increased significantly. 3. In comparison of the intervention and control group, the intervention effect of SAS, SDS, SF-36 scores (except SF), CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and NK differed significantly, with the priority of experimental group. 4. SDS, SAS, and CD3+, CD4+, NK correlated in negative respectively, while SDS, SAS, and CD8+ correlated in positive. PF, RP, GH, SF, and MH of subjective health correlated in positive with every index of immunity function in positive, except negative correlation with CD4+/CD8+. BP, RE correlated with CD3+,CD4+,CD8+, and NK in positive. VT correlated in positive with CD3+, CD8+, and NK, in negative with CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions: 1. Anxiety, depression, and subjective health, correlated with immunity function in perioperation patients with breast cancer. 2. Psychological intervention can improve the emotional status, subjective health, and immune function of patients with breast cancer to the optimum in perioperative period.

Entrance channel dependence of the correlation function of IMFs in Ar-36+Sn-112,Sn-124 at 35MeV/u

The reduced velocity correlation functions of the Intermediate Mass Fragments (IMFs) were measured in the reactions of Ar-36+ Sn-112,Sn-124 at 35MeV/u. The anti-correlation at small reduced velocities is more pronounced in Ar-36+ Sn-124 system than that in Ar-36+ Sn-112 system. The difference of the correlation functions between the two reactions is mainly contributed by the particle pairs with high momenta. A three-body Coulomb repulsive trajectory code (MENEKA) is employed to calculate the emission time scale of IMFs for-the both systems. The time scale is 150fm/c in the Ar-36+ Sn-112 system and 120fm/c in the Ar-36+ Sn-124 system, respectively. A calculation based on an Isospin dependence Quantum Molecular Dynamics code (IQMD) reveals that the emission time spectrum of IMFs is shifted slightly leftwards in Ar-36+ Sn-124 compared with that in the Ar-16+ Sn-112 system, indicating a shorter emission time scale. Correspondingly, the central density of the hot nuclei decreases faster in Ar-36+ Sn-124 than in Ar-36+ Sn-112

Detection of the hepatotoxic microcystins in 36 kinds of cyanobacteria Spirulina food products in China

Gel filtration chromatography, ultra-filtration, and solid-phase extraction silica gel clean-up were evaluated for their ability to remove microcystins selectively from extracts of cyanobacteria Spirulina samples after using the reversed-phase octadecylsilyl ODS cartridge for subsequent analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The reversed-phase ODS cartridge/silica gel combination were effective and the optimal wash and elution conditions were: H2O (wash), 20% methanol in water (wash), and 90% methanol in water (elution) for the reversed-phase ODS cartridge, followed by 80% methanol in water elution in the silica gel cartridge. The presence of microcystins in 36 kinds of cyanobacteria Spirulina health food samples obtained from various retail outlets in China were detected by LC-MS/MS, and 34 samples (94%) contained microcystins ranging from 2 to 163 ng g(-1) (mean=1427 ng g(-1)), which were significantly lower than microcystins present in blue green alga products previously reported. MC-RR-which contains two molecules of arginine (R)-(in 94.4% samples) was the predominant microcystin, followed by MC-LR-where L is leucine-(30.6%) and MC-YR-where Y is tyrose-(27.8%). The possible potential health risks from chronic exposure to microcystins from contaminated cyanobacteria Spirulina health food should not be ignored, even if the toxin concentrations were low. The method presented herein is proposed to detect microcystins present in commercial cyanobacteria Spirulina samples.

SOI 电光型光开关/调制器的设计、制备和特性

Submitted by zhangdi (zhangdi@red.semi.ac.cn) on 2009-04-13T11:45:31Z

MOCVD生长Al_(0.48)Gao_(0.52)N/Al_(0.54)Ga_(0.36)N多量子阱的结构和光学特性

采用金属有机物化学气相淀积(MOCVD)技术,在蓝宝石衬底上生长了Al_(0.48)Gao_(0.52)N/Al_(0.54)Ga_(0.36)N多量子阱(MQWs)结构.通过双晶X射线衍射(DCXRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和阴极荧光(CL)等测试技术,分别对样品的结构和光学特性进行了表征.在DCXRD图谱中,可以观察到明显的MQWs衍射卫星峰,通过拟和,MQWs结构中阱和垒的厚度分别为2.1和9.4 nm,Al组分分别为0.48和0.54.在AFM表面形貌图上,可以观察到清晰的台阶流,表明MQWs获得了二维生长;与此同时,MQWs结构存在一些裂缝,主要原因为AlGaNMQWs结构和下层GaN层间存在很大的应力.CL测试表明,AlGaN MQWs结构的发光波长为295 nm,处于深紫外波段,同时观察到处于蓝光、绿光波段的缺陷发光.

One-Dimensional InP-Based Photonic Crystal Quantum Cascade Laser Emitting at 5.36μm

An InP-based one-dimensional photonic crystal quantum cascade laser is realized. With photo lithography instead of electron beam lithography and using inductively coupled plasma etching, four-period air-semiconductor couples are defined as Bragg reflectors at one end of the resonator. The spectral measurement at 80K shows the quasi-continuous-wave operation with the wavelength of 5.36μm for a 22μm-wide and 2mm-long epilayer-up bonded device.

MOCVD growth of cubic GaN: Materials and devices

Many impressive progresses have been made recently on the growth of cubic-phase GaN by MBE and MOCVD. In this paper, some of our recent progress will be reviewed, including the growth of high quality cubic InGaN films, InGaN/GaN heterostructure blue and green LEDs. Cubic-phase GaN films were grown on GaAs (100) substrates by MOCVD. Growth conditions were optimized to obtain pure cubic phase GaN films up to a thickness of 4 mum. An anomalous compressive strain was found in the as-grown GaN films in spite of a smaller lattice constant for GaN compared with that of GaAs substrates. The photoluminescence FWHM of high quality InGaN epilayers was less than 100 meV The InGaN/GaN heterostructure blue LED has intense electroluminescence with a FWHM of 20 nm.

杉木人工林土壤微生物活性与土壤有机碳特征

土壤微生物参与陆地生态系统物质循环和能量流动，在土壤生态过程中起着重要作用。在森林生态系统管理过程中，森林树种组成的变化能影响土壤微生物数量和活性，这种影响的一个主要途径是通过森林凋落物的改变。我国南方杉木人工林取代地带性天然次生阔叶林后，林地土壤质量退化，随着杉木人工纯林的连栽，土壤质量进一步退化。树种单一化可能是引起土壤质量退化的一个重要原因，然而目前对其机理的认识十分有限。因此，本文比较研究了不同杉木人工林分布区（南带、中心产区、北带）杉木人工林和天然次生阔叶林土壤有机碳等土壤化学性状、土壤微生物数量以及土壤微生物活性特征。并且对位于中心产区的杉木人工林和天然次生常绿阔叶林土壤速效N、P、K养分及土壤酶活性的动态特征进行了研究，样地设在中国科学院会同森林生态实验站实验林场。同时，通过田间模拟试验，深入研究了不同杉阔叶凋落物（50％杉木＋5O％恺木、50％杉木＋500k枫香、330＆杉木＋33％恺木＋33％枫香）以及单一杉木叶凋落物对土壤化学性状、土壤微生物生物量碳（MBC）、土壤微生物活性等指标的影响。研究结果表明：（1）广西柳州、湖南会同、河南信阳三个地区杉木人工林与天然次生阔叶林相比，林地表层土壤总有机碳量下降分别达58.24％、36.55％、31.51％，土壤全N、全P含量亦有不同程度下降，林地表层土壤C／N、C／P比也呈降低趋势；三个地区的杉木人工林与天然次生林相比，土壤细菌数量分别降低了59.03％、88.25％、76.85％，真菌数量分别下降72.17％、43.15％、28.33％；杉木人工林土壤脉酶、蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、土壤呼吸强度均低于天然次生林土壤，而土壤多酚氧化酶活性反而增加。（2）各季节天然次生阔叶林土壤氨态氮、硝态氮、有效P、有效K含量均高于杉木人工林；杉木人工林土壤酶活性具有明显季节动态特征，而天然次生阔叶林土壤酶活性季节性变化较小，但是天然次生阔叶林土壤酶活性普遍高于杉木人工林土壤酶活性。（3）凋落物模拟试验结果表明混合凋落物能在一定程度上改善土壤微生物生物量碳、代谢嫡（成0a）、微生物嫡（Cmic／C01＾9）、土壤脉酶、蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性等土壤质量的微生物学指标，尤其是杉木恺木这一组混合凋落物对土壤质量的改善似乎更有效。2004年4月份取样分析结果，SQF、SQ、SF处理土壤微生物生物量碳是咫处理土壤微生物生物量碳的1.64倍、1.64倍、1.28倍，10月份取样分析结果，SQF、SQ、SF处理土壤微生物生物量碳是PS处理的1.25倍、1.37倍、1.46倍；土壤代谢熵（qCO2）值在不同处理间表现出明显的差异（P＜0.05），两次取样比较结果均是PS处理qCO2值最高，其次为SF、SQF，最小为SQ；然而，不同处理凋落物对土壤总有机碳（TOC）等土壤化学性状影响差异不大。杉木人工林取代天然次生阔叶林后，由于森林生态系统生物多样性减少，林地凋落物质量变差，这可能是导致杉木人工林土壤质量退化的一个重要原因。增加人工林生态系统植物多样性，通过营造混交林（然而需要考虑混交树种的选择），改善林地凋落物质量，这一林地经营管理模式能在一定程度上减缓森林土壤质量退化。

35MeV／u~(36)Ar+~(112,124)Sn反应中中等质量碎片关联函数的入射道依赖

测量了35MeV／u36Ar+112,124Sn反应中小角关联出射的中等质量碎片(IMF)约化速度关联函数．结果表明36Ar+124Sn反应系统中的约化速度关联函数在小约化速度处的反关联程度比36Ar+112Sn反应系统中的强,表现出明显的入射道依赖性．考察出射粒子对的单核子总动量时,发现这种差异主要来自于高动量粒子对的贡献．用三体弹道理论模型MENEKA分别计算了两个系统的IMF发射时标,在36Ar+112Sn反应系统中约为150fm／c,而在36Ar+124Sn反应系统中,约为120fm／c．同位旋相关的量子分子动力学计算表明,36Ar+124Sn系统中IMF的发射时间谱比36Ar+112Sn系统略有前移,相应地,其中心密度从最高点随时间的下降亦比36Ar+112Sn系统略快．

高电荷态离子~(207)Pb~(36+)与金属Nb表面作用产生的二次离子产额

本文报道了利用兰州重离子加速器国家实验室的ECR离子源引出的高电荷态离子207Pb36+入射到金属Nb表面产生的二次离子的实验测量结果.实验发现,二次离子产额Y随入射初动能Ek的增加有先增加后减小的关系,在初动能为576 keV时二次离子产额达到最大.通过对实验点做高斯拟合发现,曲线峰值对应的入射初动能为602 keV.分析表明,这是势能沉积作用与线性级联碰撞过程协同作用的结果.高电荷态离子本身携带的高势能沉积在靶表面引起势能溅射,促进了二次离子的发射;而主导二次离子溅射的过程是动能溅射,它与靶表面的动量沉积(核能损)过程密切相关.