工程控制论，新世纪版

 本书的目的是把一般性概括性的理论和实际工程经验很好地结合起来，对工程技术各个系统的自动控制和自动调节理论作一个全面的探讨。它一方面奠定了工程控制论这门技术科学的理论基础，另一方面指出这门新学科今后的几个研究方向。
本书最初是用英文写的。现在的汉文版是在钱学森先生的指导下，翻译英文版并且参照俄文译本略加修改和补充而成。
本书曾荣获中国科学院1956年度一等科学奖金。

Topology of toroidal helical fields in non-circular cross-sectional tokamaks

The ordinary differential magnetic field line equations are solved numerically; the tokamak magnetic structure is studied on Hefei Tokamak-7 Upgrade (HT-7U) when the equilibrium field with a monotonic q-profile is perturbed by a helical magnetic field. We find that a single mode (m, n) helical perturbation can cause the formation of islands on rational surfaces with q = m/n and q = (m +/- 1, +/- 2, +/- 3,...)/n due to the toroidicity and plasma shape (i.e. elongation and triangularity), while there are many undestroyed magnetic surfaces called Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) barriers on irrational surfaces. The islands on the same rational surface do not have the same size. When the ratio between the perturbing magnetic field B-r(r) and the toroidal magnetic field amplitude B(phi)0 is large enough, the magnetic island chains on different rational surfaces will overlap and chaotic orbits appear in the overlapping area, and the magnetic field becomes stochastic. It is remarkable that the stochastic layer appears first in the plasma edge region.

Winter Temperature and UV Are Tightly Linked to Genetic Changes in the p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway in Eastern Asia

The tumor suppressor p53 is a master sensor of stress. Two human-specific polymorphisms, p53 codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309, influence the activities of p53. There is a tight association between cold winter temperature and p53 Arg72 and between low UV intensity

Species Variation in the Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Immunosuppression

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for treating immune disorders because of their immunoregulatory capacity, but the mechanism remains controversial. As we show here, the mechanism of MSC-mediated immunosuppression varies

导电高分子在防腐领域的应用及其相关机理研究

本论文研究了聚苯胺与常用涂料的共混行为，针对本征态和掺杂态聚苯胺各自的特点，开发出本征态聚苯胺/环氧树脂和掺杂态聚苯胺/聚氨酯两种共混防腐体系：利用线性极化和Tafel曲线等电化学方法对两个体系的防腐性能进行了监测：采用EIS和XPS等技术对聚苯胺防腐机理进行了探讨。以有机胺为桥梁率先开发出无溶剂本征态聚苯胺/环氧树脂共混防腐体系，用SEM研究发现该体系中聚苯胺分散的非常好，达到纳米级分散，并且同环氧树脂形成相互交叉的网状结构。有机胺对聚苯胺既有一定的溶解作用又有一定的降解作用。用IR和UV-Vis研究发现聚苯胺在有机胺中的降解产物基本上保持了聚苯胺的性质，但是其分子量变小了，部分可以溶于乙醇中，而且该苯胺低聚物对于酸碱的敏感程度大大降低，只有浓酸才能将其掺杂。有机酸掺杂的聚苯胺可以很好地分散在聚氨酯中形成掺杂态聚苯胺/聚氨酯共混防腐体系。用SEM观察发现掺杂态聚苯胺在聚氨酯中形成了很好的网状结构。同时对于影响掺杂态聚苯胺在聚氨酯中分散的各种因素(掺杂比例、温度，溶剂量等)进行了分析。指出聚氨酯乙组份中的多元醇对已经分散在聚氨酯中的掺杂态聚苯胺有稳定作用。利用线性极化和Tafel曲线对本征态聚苯胺/环氧树脂和掺杂态聚苯胺/聚氨酯共混体系的防腐性能进行了监测，发现聚苯胺的加入使得常用涂料的自然腐蚀电位E_(corr)正向移动；相应的自然腐蚀电流i_(corr)明显降低；共混膜的极化电阻R_p比空白样品的极化电阻显著增大。利用EIS技术对本征态聚苯胺/环氧树脂和掺杂态聚苯胺/聚氨酯共混体系进行了阻抗分析，并结合XPS结果提出聚苯胺防腐涂料具有良好防腐效果的关键是聚苯胺和铁相互作用，在两者界面处形成了一层致密的氧化膜。该层氧化膜的存在可以大大提高防腐涂层的孔阻R_(pore)和最大值阻抗Z_(max)，从而使得聚苯胺防腐涂层具有很好的阻挡腐蚀介质渗透的作用。同时利用断点频率f_b分析了个涂层附着力的变化趋势以及剥离面积A_d的大小。在文献总结和实验积累的基础上分别提出了本征态聚苯胺/环氧树脂和掺杂态聚苯胺/聚氨酯共混体系的等效电路，并利用非线性最小二乘法(NLCN)对所得Nyquist和Bode谱进行了模拟，给出了比较好的拟合曲线。从各等效元件的拟合值可以直接比较各膜的R_(pore)的大小，并且可以看出界面氧化膜电阻R_(ol)对于聚苯胺膜阻抗值的贡献。

Cu 电化学溶解与阻蚀的交流阻抗研究液／液界面离子传输的促进与抑制

1. 对恒定电位下，不同浓度的 Cl~- 介质中 Cu 的电化学溶解行为用交流阻抗方法进行了充分表征，通过对这些阻抗图谱的解析处理，结合扫描显微镜（SEM）照片，提出了 Cu 的溶解机理。所得结果与文献用其他方法一致。2. H_2SO_4 介质中，测得不同浓度，不同电位下 Cu 的电化学溶解过程的交流阻抗图谱，对所得各种情形下的图谱进行了详细解析，提出了溶解的机理。3. KCl 介质中，还探讨了异硫氰酸苯酯（C_6H_5NCS）的吸附对 Cu 电化学溶解行为的影响，获得了阻蚀行为的特征阻抗图谱。4. 分析阻抗 Bode 图时，发现表面膜或覆盖层的存在与电容和阻抗 Bode 图上的突跃有一定的关联。文献尚未见这方面的有关报道。

Decomposition of emergent macrophyte roots and rhizomes in a northern prairie marsh

Dry mass, nitrogen and phosphorus content in belowground litter of four emergent macrophytes (Typha glauca Godr., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin., Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Link and Scirpus lacustris L.) were followed for 1.2 years in a series of experimental marshes, Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Litter bags containing roots and rhizome materials of each species were buried in unflooded soil, or soil flooded at three water depths (1–30, 31–60, > 60 cm). There were few differences in dry mass loss in unflooded or flooded soils, and depth of flooding also had little effect on decomposition rates. In the flooded sites, Scolochloa and Phragmites roots lost more mass (48.9–63.8% and 59.2–85.5%, respectively) after 112 days than Typha and Scirpus (36.3–43.6 and 37.0–47.2%, respectively). These differences continued through to the end of the study, except in the shallow sites where Scirpus roots lost more mass and had comparable mass remaining as Scolochloa and Phragmites. In the unflooded sites, there was little difference between species. All litters lost nitrogen (22.9–90.0%) and phosphorus (46.3–92.7%) during the first 112 days, then levels tended to remain constant. Decay rates for our belowground root and rhizome litters were comparable to published literature values for aboveground shoot litter of the same species, except for Phragmites roots and rhizomes which decomposed at a faster rate (−k = 0.0014−0.0032) than shoots (−k = 0.0003−0.0007, [van der Valk, A.G., Rhymer, J.M., Murkin, H.R., 1991. Flooding and the decomposition of litter of four emergent plant species in a prairie wetland. Wetlands 11, 1–16]).

鄂尔多斯盆地东部古生界沉积体系与储层研究

Ordos basin with profuse coal, petroleum, natural gas and others mineral resources create the comprehensiveness notice of earthling, and became one of studying hotspots for China and foreign countries geology, petroleum and natural gas geology's workman. Late years, having found commercial value of large middle type gas pools in the upper Palaeozoic group, which have exhibited a very good foreground for gas exploring and exploitation. Through the new gas exploring headway and the exploring course, the east of the basin should regard Ordovician weathering crust in the upper Palaeozoic group, tide flat and barrier-lagoon, deltaic deposit system in the lower Palaeozoic group as the major exploration and research emphasis. Furthermore, it has been found that much gas showed wells, which has gain quantitative industry gas flow wells, especially the new assessment invigorative harvest, and bode that the east of the Ordos basin possess major exploring potential. In regional tectonic, the research region mainly lay in the Yishan incline, and the east part involved the west part of Jinxi warping belt. In tectonic and sedimentary evolution, it had inherited the characteristic of whole basin. From Latepaleozoic to triassic epoch, it developed gradational the transition of sedimentary that changed from sea to land, and from river to lake.

高温高压和不同氧逸度下上地幔矿物岩石电导率的实验研究

借助于YJ-3000t六面顶高压设备和Solartron-1260阻抗/增益相位分析仪，在1.0~4.0 GPa和1073~1473 K及NNO (Ni+NiO)、IM (Fe+Fe3O4)、IW (Fe+FeO) 和MMO (Mo+MoO2) 4种固态氧缓冲剂控制氧分压条件下就位测量了单晶辉石、辉石岩、单晶橄榄石和二辉橄榄岩的电导率。取得如下结果： 1、在实验选择的频率范围10-1~107 Hz，无论从阻抗谱的Nyquist图还是Bode图均可以看出，电导率对频率具有很强的依赖性； 2、随着温度升高，电导率增大，Lg σ与1/T之间符合Arrhenius线性关系式； 3、在 IM和NNO固态氧缓冲约束条件下，随着压力升高，电导率降低，获得了一系列表征样品体系载流子特征的指前因子、活化能、活化焓和活化体积等Arrhenius参数； 4、在给定压力和不同氧缓冲剂控制下，按照NNO、IM、IW和MMO氧逸度降低的顺序，电导率减小； 5、在2.0 GPa和NNO控制下，按照 (001)、(100)、(010) 的顺序，透辉石的电导率和指前因子减小，活化焓增大，电学性质在不同晶面方向上存在各向异性； 6、样品中的小极化子导电机制可为电导率、指前因子、活化焓和活化体积等随温度、压力及氧逸度的变化规律提供合理解释。