利用射流泵输送油水两相管流的实验研究

研究了应用射流泵输送油水两相管流时泵对下游管道中流型和压降的影响。实验管线为内径50mm的透明有机玻璃管，管线从入口到分离器长约35m，实验段由一个垂直倒U型管和一个长3m水平管组成。分别给出了不同入口条件下实验管段的流型图和压降图。结果表明：采用射流泵输送油水两相流动，对下游管道流型和油水乳化速度有着显著的影响，但对下游管道内的压降随混合流速和体积份额的变化趋势影响很小。

Evolution of thermoplastic shear localization and related microstructures in Awl/SiCp composites under dynamic compression

The localized shear deformation in the 2024 and 2124 Al matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles was investigated with a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) at a strain rate of about 2.0x10(3) s(-1). The results showed that the occurrence of localized shear deformation is sensitive to the size of SiC particles. It was found that the critical strain, at which the shear localization occurs, strongly depends on the size and volume fraction of SiC particles. The smaller the particle size, the lower the critical strain required for the shear localization. TEM examinations revealed that Al/SiCp interfaces are the main sources of dislocations. The dislocation density near the interface was found to be high and it decreases with the distance from the particles. The Al matrix in shear bands was highly deformed and severely elongated at low angle boundaries. The Al/SiCp interfaces, particularly the sharp corners of SiC particles, provide the sites for microcrack initiation. Eventual fracture is caused by the growth and coalescence of microcracks along the shear bands. It is proposed that the distortion free equiaxed grains with low dislocation density observed in the center of shear band result from recrystallization during dynamic deformation.

流变学研究的若干问题

本文综述了1988年8月第10届国际流变学会议部分大会邀请报告及分组报告的下列几个领域内容:①分子动力学;②光学流变测量;⑧血液的动态测量;④数值仿真;⑤钻探油井;⑥强化采油;⑦减阻;⑧聚合物挤压成形加工;⑨食品流变学.

理想塑性材料扩展裂纹的平面应变问题

本文从三维塑性流动理论出发,导出了理想塑性材料平面应变问题的基本方程.进而对扩展裂纹问题建立了完整的定解方程和速度场求解公式.已有的渐近方程只是预解方程和零级定解方程的组合.本文证实了已有的中心扇形区,虽然满足了渐近方程,但不能适应高阶渐近方程.

爆炸处理水下海淤软基

<正>前言爆炸处理水下海淤软基是一项新技术。国家经委、国家教委、中国科学院等单位列为国家第一批100项与企业横向联合的重点科技项目。连云港建港指挥部,中国科学院力学研究所,锦屏磷矿、交通部第三航务勘探设计院等四单位组织科研组联合攻关。经过四年的工程实践、工程性试验、模型和机理试验等,取得了大量系统的数据,写出了近20篇科学技术报告,并由交通部和中国科学院组织了(钅监)定。这些科技报告经由本文作者审定。为了对这项新技术有一个全面的介绍,作者将科研组所提供的报告作一综述,并阐明了自己的一些观点。科研组各单位先后参加工作达40余人,他们在很艰苦条件下取得了这些宝贵的资料(见本文所引文献),作者对于参加这项工作的所有同志,和本文所参考报告的作者们表示感谢!

Electro-optic integration of embedded electrodes and waveguides in LiNbO3 using a femtosecond laser

We describe the fabrication of a Mach-Zehnder optical modulator in LiNbO3 by femtosecond laser micormachining, which is composed of optical waveguides inscripted by a femtosecond laser and embedded microelectrodes subsequently using femtosecond laser ablation and selective electroless plating. A half-wave voltage close to 19 V is achieved at a wavelength of 632.8 nm with an interaction length of 2.6 mm. This simple and cost-effective technique opens up new opportunities for fabricating integrated electro-optic devices. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America