143 resultados para 3Y-TZP CERAMICS
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Transparent polycrystalline Yb:YAG ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering a mixture of commercial Al2O3, Y2O3, and Yb2O3 powders. The powders were mixed in ethanol and doped with 0.5 wt% tetraethoxysilane, dried, and pressed. Pressed samples were sintered at 1730 degrees C in vacuum. Transparent fully dense samples with grain sizes of several micrometers were obtained. The phase from 1500 degrees to 1700 degrees C was important for the grain growth, in which the grains grew quickly and a mass of pores were eliminated from the body of the sample. Annealing was an important step to remove the vacancies of oxygen and transform Yb2+ to Yb3+. The 1 at.% Yb:YAG ceramic sample was pumped by a diode laser to study the laser properties. The maximum output power of 1.02 W was obtained with a slope efficiency of 25% at 1030 nm. The size of the lasering sample was 4 mm x 4 mm x 3 mm.
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The novel nano-ultrafine powders for the preparation of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic were prepared by the sol-gel method and citrate auto-ignition method. The obtained precursor powders were pressed, sintered at 1000 degrees C to fabricate microcrystal CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic. The microcrystalline phase of CaCu3Ti4O12 was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The morphology and size of the grains of the powders and ceramics under different heat treatments were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relative dielectric constant of the ceramic sintered at 1000 degrees C was measured with a magnitude of more than 10(4) at room temperature, which was approaching to those of Pb-containing complex perovskite ceramics, and the loss tangent was less than 0.20 in a broad frequency region. The relative dielectric constant and loss tangent were also compared with that of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic prepared by other reported methods. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Spectroscopic properties of (Y0.9-xLa0.1Ybx)(2)O-3 transparent ceramic were studied. Two main absorption peaks of the specimen are centered at 940 and 970 nm, which are suitable for InGaAs laser diode pumping. The main emission peaks were located at 1032 and 1075 nm with larger emission cross-section and longer fluorescence lifetime than those of Yb:Y2O3. These properties of (Y0.9-xLa0.1Ybx)(2)O-3 transparent ceramic are favorable to achieve high efficiency and high power laser output. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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采用传统陶瓷烧结工艺,在无压还原气氛下低温制备出透明性良好的掺Yb^3+氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷,测试了其在室温下的吸收光谱、发射光谱和荧光寿命.结果表明,掺Yb^3+氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷的吸收系数随着Yb^3+掺杂浓度的增加而增大,最强吸收峰974 nm处的吸收截面为0.90~1.12×10^-20 cm^2;主发射峰1 032 nm和1 075 nm处的发射截面分别为1.05×10^-20 cm^2和0.87×10^-20 cm^2; Yb^3+掺杂浓度为5at.%时荧光寿命为1.38 ms,并随Yb^3
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采用传统无压烧结工艺制备Nd^3 +掺杂的氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷,测试了其吸收和荧光光谱.采用Judd-Ofelt理论对Nd^3 +掺杂量为1 .5at %的样品光谱参量进行了计算.根据吸收光谱,拟合得到三个强度参量分别为:Ω2=6 .57×10^-20cm^2,Ω4=2 .04×10^-20cm^2,Ω6=4 .38×10^-20cm^2.根据这三个参量计算了样品的辐射寿命,跃迁几率,荧光分支比,量子效率和品质因子,并对结果作了分析.
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用碳酸盐共沉淀法制备一种新的掺钕氧化镧钇(Nd:Y1.84La0.16O3)纳米粉体,得到颗粒细小、均匀、分散性好、粒径为50~60nm的Nd:Y1.84La0.16O3纳米粉体.分别采用Nd:Y1.84La0.16O3纳米粉料和商业粉料,用传统陶瓷无压烧结工艺制备Nd:Y1.84La0.16O3透明陶瓷.Nd:Y1.8vLa0.16O3纳米粉制备的陶瓷样品的组分均匀、几乎不存在第二相,具有较高的透过率.商业粉制备的陶瓷样品因混料不均匀而在晶界处存在部分第二相,降低了陶瓷的透过率.此外,还运用体视学法预测
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制备了高质量的Yb:YAG透明陶瓷.Yb:YAG透明陶瓷的晶粒尺寸为10μm左右且分布均匀,晶界处和晶粒中没有杂质、气孔的存在.Yb:YAG样品中所有元素分布均匀,不同的晶粒间,晶粒和晶界间成分是一致的,没有出现成分的偏析.4mm厚样品的透过率为80%.LD泵浦获得了波长为1030nm,最大功率为268mW的连续激光输出.
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采用传统无压烧结工艺制备了Er^3+/Yb^3+共掺的氧化镧钇透明陶瓷并对其光谱性能进行了研究.样品具有较大的吸收和发射截面.La2O3的添加使样品的荧光寿命(τs)与玻璃接近,当Yb^3+和Er^3+的掺杂量分别为5at%和0.5at%时,测得τs=9.65ms.这种荧光寿命长、发射截面大和线宽窄的特性有利于微型、可集成化和大功率激光输出的实现.
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研究了La2O3对Yb:Y2O3透明陶瓷光谱性能的影响,添加适量La2O3以后,Yb:Y2O3透明陶瓷的吸收峰和发射峰的位置不变,但由于La^3+的离子半径大于Y^3+的离子半径,在Y2O3中引入La^3+离子后,导致Y2O3晶格常数变大,晶场强度变弱,同时降低了Y2O3晶体的有序度,致使发射峰强度有所下降,发射截面变小.过量的№La2O3(x=0.16)造成yb^3+激活离子发射强度明显下降;其荧光寿命在添加La2O3后总体增大45%-60%.
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Luminescence characteristics of Yb3+, La3+ codoped yttrium oxide nanopowders were investigated. The grain size and the crystallinity of (Yb0.05Y0.90La0.05)(2)O-3 nanopowders increase with the increase of calcination temperature. The average grain size of the nanopowders calcined at 1100 degrees C is 66 nm and its cooperative up-conversion luminescence centered at 498 nm was detected due to nanometer size effect and perfect crystallinity. However, the cooperative up-conversion luminescence of (Yb0.05Y0.90La0.05)(2)O-3 transparent ceramics was not detected. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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La2Zr2O7是一种近年来才提出的新型热障涂层材料,该材料熔点高,在熔点以下不发生相变,热导率低,抗烧结及没有氧传输发生,这些特点使得它作为一种高温下应用的热障涂层材料越来越引起人们的重视。但是,由于该材料的热膨胀系数和断裂韧性比较低,它的实际应用受到了限制。 在本论文中,使用高压烧结的方法获得了致密化的纳米La2Zr2O7块体材料,并对其断裂韧性和热膨胀系数进行了研究。得到的La2Zr2O7纳米材料的断裂韧性和热膨胀系数分别为1.98MPam1/2和9.6×10-6K-1 (200-1000℃),这些数值明显高于非纳米的La2Zr2O7陶瓷(断裂韧性和热膨胀系数分别为1.40 MPam1/2 和 9.1×10-6 K-1,该结果表明纳米化是一种提高材料断裂韧性和热膨胀系数的有效方法。在La2Zr2O7纳米粉末中加入8YSZ纳米颗粒,高压烧结后使其颗粒充分生长,在得到的复相化合物中观察到形成了类似棒状晶体的自增韧相,使得复合材料的断裂韧性(1.88 MPam1/2)比La2Zr2O7有所提高,甚至超过了同样条件下制备的8YSZ样品的断裂韧性。 La2Zr2O7的断裂韧性也可以通过在基体中添加BaTiO3铁电材料得到明显的提高。当添加BaTiO3的体积含量达到10vol%时,4.5GPa,1450℃高压烧结10min得到的复合材料断裂韧性达1.98 MPam1/2,明显高于同条件下烧结的La2Zr2O7 (1.60MPam1/2)。应力诱导下BaTiO3的电畴转向是主要的增韧原因。随着BaTiO3颗粒添加的体积含量增加,复相化合物的热膨胀系数也明显提高。当掺杂20vol%BaTiO3时,得到的复合材料平均热膨胀系数达到10.2×10-6K-1 (150~1200℃)。 我们通过在4.5GPa, 1650℃高压烧结5min的方法还获得了掺杂YAG纳米颗粒的La2Zr2O7纳米复相陶瓷。在室温下测量了材料的维氏硬度,并通过压痕裂纹长度计算出了材料的断裂韧性。随着YAG纳米颗粒体积含量的增加,纳米复相陶瓷的断裂韧性和维氏硬度都依次增加,当添加20vol%的YAG纳米颗粒时达到最大,分别为1.93 MPam1/2和11.45GPa。断裂韧性增加的机理可归结为以下三点:一是YAG纳米颗粒的添加提高了La2Zr2O7基体的晶界强度,二是基体晶粒尺寸变化的影响,三是YAG纳米颗粒对裂纹的偏转和钉扎作用。添加微米YAG颗粒的复相化合物因为和纳米复相陶瓷具有不同的增韧机制,因此断裂韧性的变化趋势也不相同,在掺入10vol%的YAG微米颗粒时,复合材料的断裂韧性最大,而后降低,当掺入YAG微米粒子的体积含量达到20vol%时,断裂韧性甚至低于La2Zr2O7。 从20世纪90年代开始,电纺作为一种合成纤维的办法越来越吸引人们的注意。其合成的纤维长度长,直径均匀,并且组成范围很广。最初,电纺只是被用来合成一些有机聚合物的纤维,最近,很多研究组开始致力于使用电纺的方法合成复合纤维或者陶瓷纤维。 在本论文中,我们使用电纺的方法获得了La2Zr2O7纳米纤维和SiC单晶纳米线。1000℃煅烧得到的La2Zr2O7纳米纤维具有烧绿石结构,直径在200~500nm之间。同样的温度煅烧时得到的La2Zr2O7纳米纤维的比表面积要明显高于粉末样品的,表明纤维的抗烧结性能比粉末的高。得到的SiC纳米线直径在50~100nm之间,表面有一约5nm厚的无定形的SiO2薄层。 使用电纺的方法,恰当的控制煅烧条件,我们获得了La2Ce2O7, La2(Zr0.745Ce0.386)2O7.524和8YSZ中空纤维。这种中空结构减小了粒子之间的接触面积,提高了材料的抗烧结性能。在扫描电镜分析的基础上,我们总结了这些中空纤维的形成过程。
Resumo:
利用金属型铸造制备了Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-xRE (x = 0~4, wt%,RE = Ce, Nd, Sm, Y和(CeLa)混合稀土)系列合金,研究了铸态合金的组织和力学性能。利用轧制和挤压技术对优化出的合金进行了变形加工处理,并研究了合金加工后的组织和力学性能。 对于铸态合金,稀土元素不仅可以细化合金的晶粒,而且形成不同类型的Al-RE化合物,含Ce的合金中生成Al11Ce3相,含Nd或Sm的合金中,主要生成Al11Nd3 (Al11Sm3)相和少量的Al2Nd (Al2Sm)相,含Y的合金中生成Al2Y相。另外,添加稀土可以改变Mg17Al12相的形貌,使其变得更加细小、弥散。添加适量的稀土可以明显提高铸态合金在室温和150℃下的力学性能,Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-1.5Ce, Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Nd和Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Sm合金在各自的体系中具有最佳的综合力学性能。合金力学性能提高的主要原因是细晶强化、Al-RE化合物第二相强化以及减弱Mg17Al12相对合金高温力学性能的不利影响。 对Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-(1.0, 1.5, 2.0)Ce,Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Nd,Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-1.5(CeLa)和Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-3Y合金在300-400℃下进行了热轧制或挤压变形,与铸态合金相比,轧制和挤压合金具有更高的力学性能。轧制合金的室温抗拉强度为290-340 MPa,较铸态合金提高约50%,屈服强度约为210-260 MPa,较铸态合金提高约2倍。挤压态合金的抗拉强度为260-270 MPa,屈服强度为160-190MPa,伸长率为20-22%;150℃的力学性能也得到了明显改善。 结合热力学计算、合金化元素之间的电负性差、化合物相的生成焓数据以及相图计算,阐述了稀土化合物相的生成机制,稀土元素与Al元素之间的电负性差大于其与Mg之间的电负性差,且Al-RE相的生成焓远低于Mg-RE和Mg-Al相的生成焓,因此在Mg-Al合金中加入RE后,RE优先与Al形成Al-RE化合物。从晶粒细化、化合物强化相的生成和演变、变形加工处理的位错交互作用等方面讨论了合金的强化机制,认为细晶强化、第二相强化及形变强化是提高合金力学性能的主要机制。
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PZT陶瓷粉体的制备和研究。用溶胶一凝胶法制备了错钦酸铅Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_3(PZT),研究了溶剂乙二醇单甲醚和水的比例对PZT的晶化温度和晶粒尺寸的影响,结果表明,随溶剂比例的增大,PZT粉体的晶化温度升高晶粒尺寸增大,当V(C_3H_9O_2)/V(H_2O)=4.47时,不仅缩短了溶胶-凝胶过程的时间,且得到的PZT粉体晶化温度低(443℃),晶粒的粒径分布集中(60-70nm)。PZT掺杂压电陶瓷的制备和研究。用同一主族元素对PZT进行掺杂改性实验,制备了Ca-PZT,Sr-PZT,Ba-PZT三个系列的压电陶瓷体系,其中每个体系中又包含1%、3%、5%、7%、9%(10%,11%)不同的掺杂量。经过压片,蒸镀电极,极化处理后测定其由,常数,结果表明,Ba离子的半径是最适合掺杂的离子半径。PZT和PbTIO。(PT)稳定溶胶的制备。在溶胶形成过程中,通过调整溶剂乙二醇单甲醚和水的比例,并加入适当量的乙酞丙酮作稳定剂,在有水体系下制备稳定的PZT和PT溶胶前驱体。该方法省略了制备中的蒸馏过程,简化了PZT和PT稳定溶胶的制备工艺。PZT铁电薄膜的制备。用自制的溶胶进行旋涂制膜,制备了膜层厚度不同的PZT和PT-PZT薄膜,在不同的锻烧温度,锻烧时间下处理为晶态膜,并对晶态膜进行表征,证明获得了钙钦矿结构的PZT晶态膜。
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Ilmenite-type (Zn1-xCdx)TiO3 (0 <= x <= 0.15 and 0.8 <= x <= 1.0) was synthesized by a modified sol-gel route including the Pechini process via two-step heat treatments. The thermal stability of (Zn1-xCdx)TiO3 depended on the amount of cadmium content. The as-synthesized (Zn1-xCdx)TiO3 (0 <= x <= 0.15 and 0.8 <= x <= 1.0) showed higher thermal stability than that of ZnTiO3. The variation of the dielectric constant of all synthesized (Zn1-xCdx)TiO3 samples for all measurement frequencies showed a similar tendency.
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Oxide ceramics with high sintering-resistance above 1473 K have very important applications in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), catalytic combustion and high-temperature structural materials. Lanthanum zirconate (La2Zr2O7, LZ) is an attractive TBC material which has higher sintering-resistance than yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and this property could be further improved by the proper addition of ceria.