202 resultados para d-amphetamine


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In this paper, we propose a new approach to construct a 2-dimensional (2-D) directional filter bank (DFB) by cascading a 2-D nonseparable checkerboard-shaped filter pair and 2-D separable cosine modulated filter bank (CMFB). Similar to diagonal subbands in 2-D separable wavelets, most of the subbands in 2-D separable CMFBs, tensor products of two 1-D CMFBs, are poor in directional selectivity due to the fact that the frequency supports of most of the subband filters are concentrated along two different directions. To improve the directional selectivity, we propose a new DFB to realize the subband decomposition. First, a checkerboard-shaped filter pair is used to decompose an input image into two images containing different directional information of the original image. Next, a 2-D separable CMFB is applied to each of the two images for directional decomposition. The new DFB is easy in design and has merits: low redundancy ratio and fine directional-frequency tiling. As its application, the BLS-GSM algorithm for image denoising is extended to use the new DFBs. Experimental results show that the proposed DFB achieves better denoising performance than the methods using other DFBs for images of abundant textures. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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近年来,随着近红外领域研究的深入,特别是光通讯工业的发展,迫切需要一大批具有良好发光性质的近红外材料。有机材料由于成本低、工艺简单和结构易调控等优点而备受关注。目前,对近红外有机发光材料的研究主要集中在两大类:一是稀土元素配合物;二是有机离子染料。但由于稀土元素的4f-4f跃迁是宇称禁阻的,其分子的激发需通过配体与中心离子的能量转移,发光效率低。同时有机离子染料由于静电相互作用,分子容易因聚集而导致发光萃灭,其器件结构主要采用主客体掺杂技术,存在着较强的主体材料发光和器件发光效率低等缺点。传统有机非离子型材料则不受上述因素的限制,可得到聚集态下高效的发光效率。本论文通过将电子给体与受体共轭连接,设计并合成了系列非离子型的窄带隙有机小分子,研究了它们在近红外电致发光等器件中的应用,主要工作内容和结果如下: (1)在分子内同时引入电子给体和受体,将它们共轭连接,设计并合成了系列D-π-A-π-D型的有机小分子,利用分子内电荷转移,实现近红外区域的吸收和发射。我们选择三苯胺和芴为电子给体,苯并双噻二唑及其衍生物为电子受体,苯、噻吩和吡咯为连接基团,得到的系列化合物的光谱及电化学性质能在很大的范围内进行调节。化合物的吸收光谱可从600nm至1400nm,发射光谱从900nm至1600nm范围内调节。化合物的带宽可从1.19eV减小到0.56eV。由于分子间的强相互作用,化合物在混合溶剂中可自组装成带状结构。同时该系列化合物在隔绝氧气的环境中有良好的光化学稳定性,可应用于电致发光或光伏器件中。 (2)多层器件结构是提高有机电致发光效率的有效方法,但前提是发光材料最好是可真空蒸镀。我们在前部分工作的基础上,合成了系列热稳定的可蒸镀型有机小分子。通过改变受体及给体结构可调节发光波长及效率。利用“掺杂剂/主体材料的思想”制备的电致发光器件,发光波长覆盖700nm到1500nm的范围,最长中心波长为1115nm。发光波长752nm时,器件最高外量子效率为1.12%。基于化合物IV-5制备的非掺杂器件,发光波长为1080nm,外量子效率为0.28%。该效率比基于有机离子染料的器件提高了近10倍。基于化合物IV-7的器件最大发射波长为1220nm,为迄今为止非掺杂有机电致发光器件中的最长发射波长。以上结果证明,该系列分子是良好的近红外电致发光材料。 (3)我们研究了含苯并双噻二唑分子与常见阴离子的相互作用关系,发现其只对CN-离子和F-离子有响应,而对其它阴离子如Cl , Br , I , AcO , H2PO4 , HSO4 , 和NO3 等则没有任何响应。并且通过将其中噻二唑环换成硝基,可实现对CN-离子和F-离子的区分。化合物V-2可高选择性的检测氰离子,其它离子的存在不会干扰检测信号,包括氟离子。检测信号为外观颜色的改变,可作为显色传感器。化合物V-3可定量检测CN-离子,检测极限为1μM。并且检测信号包括近红外发射的萃灭、可见发射的增强和吸收光谱的改变,多重检测信号可增加检测的可靠性。由于响应信号处于近红外区的生物波段,可应用于生物领域

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通过Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤,QAE-Sephadex A-50和CM_Sephadex C-25离子交换的步骤,我们从湖南产尖吻蝮(Dienagkistrodon acutus)蛇毒中纯化出两个出血毒素,分别称之为DaHT-1和DaHT-2。在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中均呈单一蛋白带,显示两个出血毒素皆为电泳纯。DaHT-1和DaHT-2的分子量相同,都为23,500道尔顿,具有相似的氨基酸组成,其中酸性氨基酸(Asx和GLx)分别占23%和24%。经等电聚焦(IEF)测得它们的等电点分别为5.6和5.2。两个出血毒素具有较强的出血活性(MHD分别为0.5和0.8μg),都具蛋白水解酶活力,无精氨酸水解酶和PLA~2活性,但蛋白水解酶活性与出血活性并非正相关。DaHT-1,DaHT-2的最适温度分别为35 ℃,40 ℃;最适pH为6-9。对热不稳定,温度变高于60 ℃,活性完全丧失。在中性和碱性条件下稳定,在酸性条件下不稳定,pH<3,出血活性丧失。EDTA完全抑制,半胱氨酸部分抑制它们的出血活性,表明两个出血毒素都是依赖金属离子的蛋白酶,且二硫键对其活性是必需的。金属离子的分析表明每摩尔毒蛋白大约含0.5摩尔的Zn,1摩尔的Ca,较多的Na,K。Mg,不含Co。两者是糖蛋白,含糖总量分别为11%和7%。用远紫外CD谱探讨DaHT-1和DaHT-2的溶液构象所得DaHT-1的α-螺旋,β-折叠和无规卷曲分别为36.9%,27.6%和31.4%;DaHT-2的α-螺旋,β-折迭和无规卷曲分别为23.4%,37.3%和45.3%。随着pH的增大或减少,DaHT-1和DaHT-2的峰位蓝移,在酸性条件下的变化比在碱性条件下大,计算表明:α-螺旋减少,无规卷曲增多,β-折迭基本未变。温度的影响和pH相似,50 ℃时峰位蓝移,α-螺旋减少,无规卷曲增多。EDTA对其影响很大,0.02M EDTA便导致两个出血毒素呈极度的无序状态。

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The temperature is a key factor for the quality of the SiGe alloy grown by D-UHV/CVD. In conventional conditions,the lowest temperature for SiGe growth is about 550℃. Generally, the pressure of the growth chamber is about 10~(-5) Pa when liquid nitrogen is introduced into the wall of the growth chamber with the flux of 6sccm of the disilane gas. We have succeeded in depositing SiGe films at much lower temperature using a novel method. It is about 10.2 Pa without liquid nitrogen, about 3 magnitudes higher than the traditional method,leading to much faster deposition rate. Without liquid nitrogen,the SiGe film and SiGe/Si superlattice are grown at 485℃. The DCXRD curves and TEM image show that the quality of the film is good. The experiments show that this method is efficient to deposit SiGe at low temperature.

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The proposed DAC consists of a unit current-cell matrix for 8MSBs and a binary-weighted array for 4LSBs, trading-off between the precision, speed, and size of the chip. In order to ensure the linearity of the DAC, a double Centro symmetric current matrix is designed by the Q2 random walk strategy. To achieve better dynamic performance, a latch is added in front of the current switch to change the input signal, such as its optimal cross-point and voltage level. For a 12bit resolution,the converter reaches an update rate of 300MHz.

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在0.6μm DPDM标准数字CMOS工艺条件下,实现10位折叠流水结构A/D转换器,使用动态匹配技术,消除折叠预放电路的失调效应;提出基于单向隔离模拟开关的分步预处理,有效压缩了电路规模,降低了系统功耗.在5V电源电压下,仿真结果为:当采样频率为50MSPS时,功耗为120mW,输入模拟信号和二进制输出码之间延迟为2.5个时钟周期,芯片面积1.44mm2.

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于2010-11-23批量导入