Kinetic spectra of light-adaptation dark-adaptation and M-intermediate of BR-D96N

BR-D96N is a kind of genetically site-specific mutants of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) with obvious photochromic effect. Compared to the wild type BR, the lifetime of M state of BR-D96N is prolonged to several minutes so that the photochromic kinetics and the intermediates formation can be studied by the conventional spectra analysis. In the experiment, the absorption spectra of the sample at different time after light illumination are measured with spectrophotometer. By fitting and analyzing the variation of the spectra, we suppose that there are three main states in the, photochromic process, i.e., B state (light-adapted state), M state and D state (dark-adapted state). The absorption spectra of the B state, M state and D state are extracted from the experimental data based on this three-state model and the spectra at various time are fitted with the least-square method. So, the variations of population percentages of the M state, B state and D state are obtained and the M state and B state lifetimes are estimated. In another way, from the measurement of the absorption dynamics at 407 and 568 nm, the M state and B state lifetimes are also obtained by two exponential data fitting, which give coincident results with those of the spectra analysis. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Photochromic kinetic spectra and intermediates of BR-D96N

BR-D96N is a kind of genetically site-specific mutant of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) with obvious photochromic effect. Compared to the wild type BR, the lifetime of M state of BR-D96N is prolonged to several minutes so that the photochromic kinetics and the intermediates formation can be studied by the conventional spectra analysis. In the experiment, the absorption spectra of the sample at different time after light illumination are measured with spectrophotometer. By fitting and analyzing the variation of the spectra, we suppose there-are three main states in the photochromic process, i.e. B state (light-adapted state), M state and D state (dark-adapted state). The absorption spectra of the B state, M state and D state are extracted from the experimental data based on this three-state model and the spectra at various time are fitted With the least square method. So, the variations of population percentages of the M state, B state and D state are obtained and the M state and B state lifetimes are estimated. In another,way, from measuring the absorption dynamics at 407 nm and 568 nm, the M state and B state lifetimes are also obtained by two exponential data fitting, which give coincident results with those of the spectra analysis.

Kinetic characterization of photoinduced anisotropy in diarylethene film

Based on the theoretical model we have proposed, a complete study on the kinetics of photoincluced anisotropy in diarylethene films is performed. The kinetic curves of molecular concentration, photoincluced dichroism and birefringence are calculated, respectively. It is found that the colored molecular concentration decreases with the increase of the excitation exposure until saturation, and the photoincluced anisotropy increases to a maximum and then decreases gradually. The optimal exposure is 260 J/cm(2). In addition, the transmittance of probe beam reflecting the anisotropy is measured by experiment. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data, and basic concordance is found between both sets of data. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effects of point defects on lattice parameters of semiconductors

A model for analyzing the correlation between lattice parameters and point defects in semiconductors has been established. The results of this model for analyzing the substitutes in semiconductors are in accordance with those from Vegard's law and experiments. Based on this model, the lattice strains caused by the antisites, the tetrahedral and octahedral single interstitials, and the interstitial couples are analyzed. The superdilation in lattice parameters of GaAs grown at low temperatures by molecular-beam epitaxy can be interpreted by this model, which is in accordance with the experimental results. This model provides a way of analyzing the stoichiometry in bulk and epitaxial compound semiconductors nondestructively.

Band structure parameters of zinc-blende GaN, AlN and their alloys Ga1-xAlxN

The electronic properties of wide energy gap zinc-blende structure GaN, AlN and their alloys Ga1-xAlxN are investigated using the empirical pseudopotential method. Electron and hole Effective mass parameters, hydrostatic and shear deformation potential constants of the valence band at Gamma and those of the conduction band at Gamma and X are obtained. The energies of Gamma, X, L conduction valleys of Ga1-xAlxN alloy versus Al fraction x are also calculated. The information will be useful for the design of lattice mismatched heterostructure optoelectronic devices in the blue light range.

东北主要土壤氧化还原酶催化动力学特性

本文通过室内模拟培养试验的方法，以东北典型的四种土壤黑土、白浆土、棕壤和褐土为供试对象，研究它们在不同的土壤温度（10℃、20 ℃ 30 ℃）和不同的土壤湿度条件（10％、20％、30％）下过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶催化动力学特性的变化。本文的主要结论是：1．黑土、白浆土、棕壤和褐土在不同的土壤温湿度条件下所测得过氧化氢酶、 脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶的Km值均高于相应纯酶制剂的Km值，表明土壤中的这三种氧化还原酶以固定态的形式存在。2．土壤过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶的Vmax/Km值均随土壤温度的升高而增大，表明温度升高，它们的催化活性增强。3．土壤过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶的动力学参数未见随土壤湿度的增大而呈现一致的变化趋势，表明酶的催化能力对土壤湿度变化的响应并不敏感。4．不同酶的动力学参数与土壤性质间的相关关系在不同的土壤类型以及不同的温湿度条件下不同，是不同土壤间及同一种土壤在不同的温湿度条件下各种物理、化学和生物化学特性存在巨大差异的结果。