255 resultados para 12-116


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The design and fabrication of a high speed, 12-channel monolithic integrated CMOS optoelectronic integrated circuit(OEIC) receiver are reported.Each channel of the receiver consists of a photodetector,a transimpedance amplifier,and a post-amplifier.The double photodiode structure speeds up the receiver but hinders responsivity.The adoption of active inductors in the TIA circuit extends the-3dB bandwidth to a higher level.The receiver has been realized in a CSMC 0.6μm standard CMOS process.The measured results show that a single channel of the receiver is able to work at bit rates of 0.8~1.4Gb/s. Altogether, the 12-channel OEIC receiver chip can be operated at 15Gb/s.

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用熔体外延(ME)法在半绝缘(100)GaAs衬底上成功生长出了截止波长为12 μm的InAs0.04Sb0.96外延层.傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)透射光谱揭示,InAsSb合金的禁带宽度被强烈变窄.通过分析InAs0.04Sb0.96外延层载流子浓度的温度依存性表明,其室温禁带宽度为0.105 5 eV,与透射光谱测得的数值很好地一致.通过测量12~300 K的吸收光谱,研究了InAs0.04Sb0.96/GaAs的禁带宽度的温度依存性.霍尔测量得出300 K下样品的电子迁移率为4.47×104 cm2/Vs,载流子浓度为8.77×1015 cm-3;77 K下电子迁移率为2.15×104 cm2/Vs,载流子浓度为1.57×1015 cm-3;245 K下的峰值迁移率为4.80×104 cm2/Vs.

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研究了垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)及其列阵器件的光谱特性、调制特性、高频特性及与微电子电路的兼容性,将1×16的VCSEL与CMOS专用集成电路进行多芯片组装(MCM),混合集成为16信道VCSEL光发射功能模块。测试过程中,功能模块的光电特性及其均匀性良好,测量的-3dB频带芝宽度大于2GHz。

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于2010-11-23批量导入

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于2010-11-23批量导入

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本研究克隆了柞蚕核型多角体病毒(Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus,ApNPV)基因组pstⅠ-B、pstⅠ-C、pstⅠ-J三个片段,测序分析了pstⅠ-B、pstⅠ-C片段全序列及pstⅠ-J片段一端序列。ApNPV pstⅠ-C片段长6663 bp,包括9个完整ORF及2个不完整ORF;ApNPV pstⅠ-B片段长7406 bp,包括5个完整ORF及2个不完整ORF。ApNPV pstⅠ-J片段末端测定的954 bp序列包括lef-12完整序列及p47和gta部分序列。本研究共鉴定21个ApNPV ORF序列,其中20个属首次报道,占ApNPV已报道基因数的50%。编码ORF同源性分析及克隆片断ORF组成、基因排列顺序分析表明ApNPV与鳞翅目NPV第Ⅰ类群中的OpMNPV、CfMNPV、CfDefNPV、EppoNPV关系较近。 本研究克隆了ApNPV B-ORF6L、ptp-1、ptp-2及lef-12 四个基因,并对这四个基因在柞蚕蛹体内的表达进行了转录分析,结果表明:ApNPV ptp-1、lef-12是早期基因,B-ORF6L、ptp-2是晚期基因。本研究将ApNPV B-ORF6L、ptp-2亚克隆至原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达。SDS-PAGE及Western blot分析表明:PTP-2原核表达分子量与预测分子量相符,B-ORF6L融合表达分子量较预测的分子量偏大。以原核表达的B-ORF6L、PTP-2蛋白作为抗原,成功制作了B-ORF6L和PTP-2蛋白兔多克隆抗血清。ApNPV蛋白组分印迹分析表明:B-ORF6L参与包涵体膜及ODV结构组成,是ApNPV结构蛋白;PTP-2不参病毒结构组成。 分子系统发育分析表明,杆状病毒分为4个大的类群,ApNPV属于鳞翅目NPV第Ⅰ类群,与OpMNPV、CfMNPV、CfDefNPV、EppoNPV关系较近,与AcMNPV、RoMNPV、BmNPV关系稍远。

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小麦加工品质改良已成为我国小麦育种的主要目标之一。特别是我国加入WTO以后,对小麦产品的质量提出了更高的要求,小麦品质改良的任务将更加艰巨和重要,小麦胚乳蛋白是影响小麦加工品质性状的重要因素。因此,深入了解小麦胚乳蛋白对加工品质性状的影响及其分子基础,为品质改良提供理论依据和科学指导,对加速我国小麦品质育种和优质小麦生产具有重要意义。本研究选用在麦谷蛋白5个基因位点(Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1、Glu-B3和Glu-D3)上均含不同等位基因的小麦品种99G45和京771及Pm97034和京771杂交F9代共164个麦谷蛋白纯合系,及228个中国推广普通小麦品种和高代育成品系为试材,研究了麦谷蛋白Glu-1和Glu-3位点基因等位变异对籽粒蛋白、湿面筋含量、Zeleny沉降值和SDS沉降值间的关系;本研究还利用小麦A、B和D基因组中低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)基因特异引物,通过PCR方法克隆了1个Glu-A3位点和3个Glu-B3位点LMW-GS基因片段,在此基础上分析了不同等位基因对品质造成差异的分子基础;另外,本研究对中国近年推广的部分品种和育成的高代品系资源的多样性进行了分析。现将主要研究结果简述如下: 1. 对来自三个麦区的148份材料的醇溶蛋白组成进行了分析,结果表明,各麦区醇溶蛋白模式具有较大差异。在ω区,A7、B、E、F、G、J、P、Q、S和U仅存在于西南秋播麦区;A3、M、N、R、W和X仅存在于黄淮特种麦区;K仅存在于北方冬麦区;A6是北方冬麦区出现频率最高的带型模式,而西南秋播麦区中D出现的频率最高。ω-区的E、H和M几种模式是以前国内外未曾报道的。且初步确定,这些模式对品质性状具有正效应。至于γ区,A、B、D、E和F在各区均有出现,其中B和E在各区出现的频率都很高,在26.1-39.6%之间。相反,H 仅出现在黄淮特种麦区,J仅限于西南秋播麦区。对于β-区醇溶蛋白,B型模式在所有区中都相当高,而模式A仅存在于第三区.对于α-区,模式A在Ⅲ区而模式D在Ⅱ区出现的频率很高。1BL.1RS易位系在中国小麦品种中出现频率高达41.2%,在I, II和Ⅲ麦区的出现频率分别为 45.5、43.5和35.2%。各生态区模式的差异可能是品种适应不同生态条件和人为选择的结果,但这有待进一步证明。由于醇溶蛋白位点(Gli-1)与LMW-GS位点(Glu-3)紧密连锁,本结果可为下面确定普通小麦LMW-GS等位基因变异所用。 2. 利用Gli-1与Glu-3的紧密连锁,以228个小麦品种/系为材料,首次对中国小麦品种麦谷蛋白亚基的6个位点进行综合分析,研究小麦籽粒蛋白与品质性状间的关系,结果表明6个高分子量(HMW)和低分子量(LMW)麦谷蛋白位点对蛋白质含量的效应大小为,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1> Glu-A3=Glu-D3;对GMP含量的效应大小为, Glu-A3>Glu-B3>Glu-D1> Glu-B1>Glu-A1>Glu-D3;对湿面筋含量的效应大小为, Glu-B1>Glu-B3= Glu-D3>Glu-A3>Glu-A1>Glu-D1;对Zeleny沉降值的效应大小为, Glu-A1> Glu-B3>Glu-D3>Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A3;对SDS沉降值的效应大小为, Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-D1=Glu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1。对蛋白含量而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、17+18、5+10、Glu-A3e、Glu-B3g、Glu-D3b;对湿面筋含量而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、6+8、5+10、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3c、Glu-D3b;对Zeleny沉降值而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为N、17+18、5+10、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3d、Glu-D3b;对SDS沉降值而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、7+8、2.2+12、Glu-A3b、Glu-B3g、Glu-D3b。另外,分析了稀有亚基对5+12与2.2+12与品质性状的关系,认为5+12对品质有负效应,2.2+12对品质有正效应。在品质育种时,应对优异组合或优异亚基加以利用。 3. 首次利用重组自交系(RILs)为材料,研究麦谷蛋白亚基表达量与品质性状的关系,通过对重组自交系中各HMW-GS表达量的分析,认为,就单个亚基的表达量而言,7亚基最高;其次为2亚基、5亚基、12亚基和10亚基;亚基9和1的表达量最小;N亚基不表达。对成对出现的亚基对而言,x型和y型亚基的总表达量2+12>5+10>7+9>17+18。就单个亚基与品质性状的关系而言,仅有10亚基的表达量与蛋白含量的相关性达5%的显著水平,2亚基的表达量与湿面筋含量呈负相关,显著水平也达5%,其余单个亚基对品质性状均无显著影响;就x型/y型亚基的比例来看,2/12和5/10对湿面筋含量都有显著的负效应;对某一位点等位基因控制的亚基表达总量来看,2+12对SDS沉降值有显著负效应。另外,本研究得出:2+12的亚基对的负效应主要体现在2亚基上,且在同一位点上,x型亚基的表达量大于y型。所以推导稀有亚基组合2+10很可能也是劣质亚基。 4. 以 Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1、Glu-B3和Glu-D3作为5个因素对99G45/京771和Pm97034/京771杂交后代的蛋白质含量和SDS沉降值进行多因素方差分析。结果表明,Glu-A1和Glu-D3对蛋白含量的加性效应达5%显著水平;Glu-D1 * Glu-D3对蛋白质含量的互作效应也达5%显著水平;其余位点的加性和互作效应对蛋白质含量的影响均不显著。对SDS 沉降值而言,Glu-D1的加性效应最大,贡献率为4.2 % ,达1 %显著水平,其次是Glu-B1位点,贡献率为3.3% ,达5%显著水平。其余位点对SDS 沉降值的加性和互作效应均未达5%显著水平。总体而言, 各位点对蛋白含量的效应大小为Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3;对SDS沉降值的效应大小为Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1> Glu-B3。Glu-D1和Glu-D3位点上等位基因变异对蛋白含量有显著或极显著影响,含Glu-D1d和Glu-D3 GD、Glu-D3 JD基因的株系分别比含Glu-D1a和Glu-D3 PD基因的株系有较高的蛋白含量;在该遗传背景下,麦谷蛋白各基因位点对蛋白含量的效应大小依次排列为:Glu-A1位点1>N;Glu-B1位点7+9>17+18>14+15;Glu-D1位点5+10>2+12;Glu-B3位点GB>JB>PB;Glu-D3位点GB>JB>PB。对SDS沉降值的效应大小依次排列为:Glu-A1位点1>N;Glu-B1位点7+9=17+18>14+15;Glu-D1位点5+10>2+12;Glu-B3位点GB>JB>PB;Glu-D3位点GB>JB>PB。所以,对蛋白含量和SDS沉降值均较好的组合为1,7+9,5+10,GB,GD。 5. 因为GB和PB对品质的效应有显著差异,选取LMW-GS位点特异扩增引物对京771、99G45和Pm97034的Glu-B3位点进行扩增,结果得到三个不一样的扩增片段(Genebank号为DQ539657-DQ539659),得到的基因片段与Genebank中已报道的同类序列高度同源。通过克隆片段组成的分析,发现对Pm97034的序列较京771和99G45段少一个7氨基酸的重复单元,这可能是它较另外两个片段对面筋强度影响小的主要原因;另外,在99G45的序列中,124位处出现L(亮氨酸)代替P(脯氨酸),158位处出现了T(苏氨酸)代换M(蛋氨酸),这可能是99G45Glu-B3位点序列对SDS沉降值的效应显著优于Pm97034的原因。 6.通过对RILs各位点同普通小麦品种(系)各位点与品质关系的比较,发现对SDS沉降值的效应,各位点在不同研究材料中是不同的,普通小麦中:Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-D1=Glu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1,RILs中:Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1> Glu-B3。利用重组自交系材料(完全排除了1BL/1RS易位干扰)所得到的结果与Gupta and MacRitchie (1994)所得结论一致。进一步证实了1BL/1RS易位对小麦品质的重要影响。对蛋白含量而言,普通小麦品种(系)中,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1> Glu-A3=Glu-D3,RILs中,Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3,和对SDS沉降值的效应一样,推断在非1BL/1RS易位的情况下,各位点对其效应应为Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3。 对同一位点的等位基因而言,普通小麦和重组自交系中Glu-A1和Glu-D1上的等位基因对品质性状的贡献是一致的,但Glu-B1上的等位基因对SDS沉降值的贡献发生了变化,普通小麦中17+18>7+9,RILs中7+9>17+18,这可能也是1BL/1RS造成的。 Baking quality improved is one of the main object of wheat bread in China. The overall objective of the present studies was to increase the understanding about protein quality in wheat, i.e. to make it possible to improve the production of wheat with desired quality for different end-uses. With the analysis of gluten protein in RILs, 99G45/Jing 771 and Pm97034/Jing, and 228 wheat cultivars or lines in China, the correlations between glutenin compositions and protein content, glutenin macropolymer(GMP), wet gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation value and SDS sedimentation value contentand breadmaking quality were studied. Also a rapid and efficient detection method of geneticpolymorphism at Glu-B3 loci in wheat was established using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The results obtained were as follows: 1. Cultivated Chinese wheat germplasm has been a valuable genetic resource in international plant breeding. Patterns of gliadin among cultivated Chinese accessions are unknown, despite the proven value and potential novelty. The objective of this work was to analyse the diversity within improved Chinese wheat germplasm. The electrophoretic banding patterns of gliadin in common wheat cultivars and advanced lines were determined by acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. For 148 leading commercial cultivars and promising advanced lines used in our study, 48 patterns were identified, 29 corresponding to ω-gliadin, 9 to γ-gliadin, 5 to β-gliadin and 5 to α-gliadin. The most frequent patterns were A6 in ω; B in γ; B in β and A in the region of α. 116 band types appeared in the148 samples: 94 accessions had unique gliadin types, and 22 gliadin types while not unique were found in 54 accessions. The gliadin patterns of Chinese wheat cultivars and lines greatly differed from the patterns of wheat lines from other countries. Three patterns, E, J, H, M, N and O in the ω-zone had not previously been reported. Three wheat zones,the Northern Winter Wheat Region, the Yellow and Huai Valley River valleys Winter Wheat Region and the Southwestern Winter Wheat Region,in China showed different frequencies in their gliadin patterns. This information can be used to monitor genetic diversity with Chinese wheat germplasm. 2. To analyse the relationship between the loci and characteristics quality, we utilized the 228 cultivars/lines. The results showed that : For protein content, Glu-D1 >Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1>Glu-A3=Glu-D3. For GMP content, Glu-A3>Glu-B3 >Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A1>Glu-D3. For wet gluten content, Glu-B1>Glu-B3= Glu-D3>Glu-A3>Glu-A1>Glu-D1. For Zeleny sedimentation value, Glu-A1>Glu-B3> Glu-D3>Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A3, For SDS sedimentation value, Glu-B3>Glu-A1= Glu-D1= lu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1。For protein content, the best combination of 6 loci is (1,17+18,5+10,Glu-A3e, Glu-B3g,Glu-D3b). For wet gluten content, the best combination of 6 loci is (1,6+8,5+10,Glu-A3d,Glu-B3c,Glu-D3b). For Zeleny sedimentation value, the best combination of 6 loci is (N,17+18,5+10,Glu-A3d, Glu-B3d, Glu-D3b). For SDS sedimentation value, the best combination of 6 loci is(7+8,2.2+12,Glu-A3b, Glu-B3g,Glu-D3b)。Additional, we analysed the relationship between the subunits 5+12 and 2.2+12, think that 5+12 was negative for quality, 2.2+12 is postive for quality. It should be effective utilized. 3. It’s the first time to utilize RILs to study the relationship between subunits expression quantity and characteristics quality. The results showed that: For single subunit, the expression quantity of 7 is the highest. Then the 2, 5, 12 and 10. The expression of subunit 9 and 1 is the lowest. Subunit N is not expressed. For subunits, the expression quantity of x type and y type are 2+12>5+10>7+9>17+18. The significant relation of 5% only showed between the expression quantity of subunit 10 and protein content. The relationship between expression quantity of others and characteristic quality was not significant. For x type/ytype, 2/12 and 5/10 is negative relation insignificant level. For the subunit(s) in a loci, Only 2+12 effect SDS sedimentation value negative in significant level. 4. With RILs 99G45/Jing 771 and Pm97034/Jing 771, we found that: The effective of Glu-A1, Glu-D3 and Glu-D1 * Glu-D3 for protein content is significant at 5% level. The effect of other loci for protein wre not significant. For SDS sedimentation value, the effect of Glu-D1is the highest, which contribution is 4.2 % .Then the Glu-B1, contribution is 3.3%. The effect of other loci for SDS sedimentationvalue were not significant. In total, for protein content: Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3; for SDS sedimentationvalue: Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1>Glu-B3. The effect of alleles in Glu-D1 and Glu-D3 loci are significant at 1% or 5%. In Glu-A1, 1>N; Glu-B1, 7+9>17+18>14+15; Glu-D, 5+10>2+12; Glu-B3, GB>JB>PB; Glu-D3, GB>JB>PB. For SDS sedimentation, Glu-A1, 1>N; Glu-B1, 7+9=17+18>14+15; Glu-D1, 5+10>2+12; Glu-B3, GB>JB>PB; Glu-D3, GB>JB>PB. The best combinations for SDS sedimentation value is 1,7+9,5+10,GB,GD. 5. Because of the difference of GB and PB for SDS sedimentation value, we selected the specific primer for LMW-GS loci to amplified the Glu-B3 of Jing771, 99G45and Pm97034. We got 3 amplify fragment (Gene Bank accession number are DQ539657-DQ539659). We found that the fragment of Pm97034 were deleted a repetitive 7 amino acid domain, which is perhaps the reason effect the gluten strength. Furthermore, in the position 124 of sequence 99G45, L has been replaced with P. Position 158, T replaced M, which may be the reason why the Glu-B3 locus of 99G45 is prefer to Pm97034 when refer to SDS sedimentation value. 6. Comparing the results of RILs and common wheat, we found that perhaps just the1BL/1RS made the difference of loci in different accession.

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运用推广的液滴模型(GLDM)确定了超重核294118和291116及其α衰变链上各核素的衰变势垒,采用量子力学中的WKB方法计算α衰变中的势垒穿透几率,对该链上各原子核的α衰变半衰期进行了研究。此外,还利用Royer公式对该链上各原子核的α衰变半衰期进行了计算。结果表明,GLDM考虑亲和能与Royer公式给出的α衰变半衰期与超重核区的实验值符合很好,验证了GLDM和Royer公式在超重核区的适用性,可以用来预测超重核的半衰期。最后,预言了Z=118和116同位素链上各核素的半衰期,结果表明,在Z=118和116中存在α衰变长寿命同位素,这需要实验上的检验。

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研究低剂量重离子束预辐照对小鼠肝脏辐射损伤程度的影响。分别用低剂量12C6+离子束全身均匀预辐照处理小鼠,剂量分别为0、0.05、0.1、0.25、0.5Gy,剂量率为1Gy/min,4h后用4Gy的12C6+离子束全身均匀辐照,照射8h后用流式细胞仪检测辐照小鼠肝脏细胞在各细胞周期时相的百分率,并用单细胞电泳技术检测辐照损伤小鼠肝脏细胞的DNA损伤程度。结果显示,和对照组相比,低剂量预辐射处理可以减轻辐照损伤小鼠肝脏细胞G0/G1期和G2/M的阻滞,促进肝脏细胞在S期的积累。此外,辐照小鼠肝脏细胞的拖尾率及拖尾长度也显著减少,其中以0.1Gy处理组效果最为显著(P<0.01)。提示:低剂量重离子预辐照能使细胞产生适应性反应,有效减轻辐照小鼠肝脏细胞G0/G1期和G2/M的阻滞,并显著减轻肝脏细胞DNA的辐射损伤程度。

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本文研究了HeLa细胞经过12C6+离子束辐照之后的DNA损伤效应,及辐照后p53激活的分子机制。运用中性单细胞电泳技术,检测了HeLa细胞经过4Gy 12C6+离子束辐照间隔0、3、6和12h之后DNA的损伤情况,及0.5、1、2和4Gy 12C6+离子束辐照后即时的DNA损伤情况。同时运用细胞生长实时监测仪监测了HeLa细胞在经过0、0.5和1Gy 12C6+离子束辐照之后的生长变化,并运用AO/EB双染检测了辐照细胞24h后的凋亡情况。另外,利用8mmol/L的咖啡因[抑制ATM(ataxia-telangiectasia,mutated)和ATR(ATM and Rad3-related kinase)]和20μmol/L的wortmannin[抑制ATM和DNA-PK(DNA-dependent protein kinase)]处理HeLa细胞后再进行1Gy 12C6+离子束辐照,通过westernblot检测p53的表达。结果显示,12C6+离子束辐照可造成HeLa细胞的DNA损伤,损伤随剂量升高而升高但随测定间隔时间降低,诱导HeLa细胞发生凋亡;而且辐照后p53表达升高。结果证明12C6+离子束辐照可造成HeLa细胞的DNA损伤并诱导损伤修复及凋亡等效应,损伤效应相关因子p53被激活,并且激活依赖于ATM。