基于人工神经网络的水洞试验装置的PID自动控制系统

在水洞试验中 ,通过水泵及收缩段的形状控制水洞的运行过程 ,以保证水洞的稳定运行 ,并保证所进行的各种试验的质量。PID调节是最常见的一种。文章给出了一种基于人工神经网络实现自学习PID控制方法。利用该方法可以较好地实现水洞的控制

纳米压痕和划痕法测定氧化硅薄膜材料的力学特性

为了研究不同制备工艺对材料力学性能的影响 ,选择了热氧化、LPCVD和PECVD三种典型工艺 ,在硅片上制备 1μm氧化硅薄膜。通过纳米压痕和划痕检测可知 ,热氧化工艺制备的SiO2薄膜的硬度和模量最大 ,LPCVD制备的样品界面结合强度高于PECVD。纳米压痕和划痕技术为此提供了丰富的近表面弹塑性变形和断裂等的信息 ,是评价微米薄膜力学性能的有效手段

生物力学导论

在我国生物力学是门新兴学科，它既是医学和生物医学工程发展的需要，也是力学学科发展的必然生物力学以医学、生理学、生物学的学要为出发点和归宿，把力学的和生物学的方法有机地结合起来，去解决这些学科工程中所需解决的问题
本书详细介绍了这方面的有关知识和研究成果
附录与关键词: 生物力学 概论 生物力学

脉冲激光离散重熔热物理及组织性能研究

利用OM及FEM研究了铁基合金Nd:YAG脉冲激光熔凝区的几何形态及其变化规律、以及熔凝的热物理过程；利用OM、SEM、TEM、X-射线衍射仪及磨损实验机，研究了两种铁基热模具材料脉冲激光熔凝组织及其时效组织结构，以及熔凝区规则离散分布规律对材料抗磨损性能的影响。在10~5～10~7W/cm~2的脉冲激光平均功率密度范围内，可得到热传导型和深熔型两类强化区，当临界平均功率密度大于5 * 10~5W/cm~2，同时临界激光作用时间大于2ms时，热传导型强休区向深熔型强休区转变。熔化过程中，在熔池中形成上部以对流传热为主，底部以导热为主的传热模式，流场、温度场和压力场均随脉冲激光作用时间变化，最大流速、压力和温度梯度分别可达100m/s、数个大气压和10~(8-9) ℃C/m量级。凝固过程中，固液界面上的最大温度梯度、凝固速率和冷却速度时间和空间位置变化，分别可达10~(8-9) ℃/m量级、10~(-1)m/s量级和10~(7-8) ℃/s量级，其中冷却速度得到实验验证。亚共晶合金铸铁脉冲激光熔凝组织为δ-铁素体与M_3C的层片状共晶组织，还含有部分γ-奥氏体和少量的高碳孪晶马氏体组织，δ-铁素体和γ-奥氏体中均存在高密度位错亚结构。5CrMnMo钢脉冲激光熔凝组织由板条马氏体及少量的孪晶马氏体构成，马氏体中也存在高密度位错亚结构。上述两种组织经高温时效后，仍保持较细的晶粒，并有大量细小均匀弥散分布的碳化物析出，其中铸铁熔凝组织析出M_(23)C_6碳化物，M_(23)C_6可在M_3C/γ-奥氏体相界面或M_3C内部原位形核，亦可在δ-铁素体中弥散析出。两种材料的熔凝组织及其时效组织的显微硬度均明显高于相应的原始组织，也高于激光连续扫描熔凝的结果。脉冲激光规则离散熔凝加工在材料表面形成软硬相间的“原位”功能层，能显著降低裂纹形成的敏感性，提高材料表层的抗磨粒磨损性能，时效后仍具有较好的抗磨损性能。以熔凝强化区直径作为中心间距进行规则离散熔凝处理可使材料表面获得最佳抗磨损性能。

Micro-scale Plasticity Mechanics=微尺度塑性力学

本书系统地介绍了材料微尺度力学行为的尺寸效应实验现象，重点介绍了几种代表性的微尺度应变梯度塑性理论及对微尺度实验现象的解释；以及对裂纹尖端微尺度范围内解理断裂的应用。融会贯通的介绍了国内外学者的原创性工作和创新性学术思想。 全书共8章。第1章介绍了应变梯度塑性理论的应用背景及经典微极理论；第2章介绍了金属材料典型的微尺度力学实验现象；第3～7章介绍了几种典型的应变梯度理论及其应用；第8章介绍了应变梯度理论在微观断裂力学中的应用。 本书适合从事固体微尺度力学、先进材料的微结构设计与力学性能优化、微机电和微电子元件力学行为研究的科技工作者及工程师使用和参考，也可供力学专业及材料专业的高年级本科生和研究生阅读参考。

High and stable conversion efficiency obtaining in single-stage multi-crystal optical parametric chirped pulse amplification system

An optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system is demonstrated to provide 32.9% pump-to-signal conversion efficiency . Special techniques are used to make the signal and pump pulses match with each other in both spectral and temporal domains. The broadband 9.5-mJ pulses are produced at the repetition rate of 1 Hz with the gain of over 1.9 x 10(8). The output energy fluctuation of 7.8% is achieved for the saturated amplification process against the pump fluctuation of 10%.

Computation of the ambiguity function for circularly symmetric pupils

A method of computing the ambiguity function (AF) for a circularly symmetric pupil function is presented. The AFs of a clear aperture and two shaded apertures are considered in detail and an explicit expression for the first of these AFs is given. We explain these results in the context of the well-known optical transfer function theory and show a primary application of these computations. A good analytic approximation is also introduced, providing an alternative method for calculating the AF, in a simpler way.

Optimization of nonvolatile holographic recording by application of an external electric field

The dependences of the recording properties of LiNbO3:Fe:Mn crystals on an external electric field (applied in the recording or fixing phase of the nonvolatile holographic recording process) are numerically investigated and the optimal conditions for applying an external electric field in this two-step process of nonvolatile holographic recording are discussed in detail. Significant improvement of the photorefractive performance has been found and experimental verifications using a small external electric field are described. Moreover, direct measures relating to the dominant photovoltaic mechanism in the doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals and the unconventional grating-enhanced fixing are revealed by applying an external electric field in the recording and the fixing phases, respectively.

Deep silicon grating as high-extinction-ratio polarizing beam splitter

A deep binary silicon grating as high-extinction-ratio reflective polarizing beam splitter (PBS) at the wavelength of 1550 nm is presented. The design is based on the phenomenon of total internal reflection (TIR) by using the rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA). The extinction ratio of the rectangular PBS grating can reach 2.5×105 with the optimum grating period of 397 nm and groove depth of 1.092 μm. The effciencies of TM-polarized wave in the 0th order and TE-polarized wave in the −1st order can both reach unity at the Littrow angle. Holographic recording technology and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching could be used to fabricate the silicon PBS grating.

TCNQ脂类衍生物及其铜复合物的合成与红外光谱研究

首次合成了7，7，8，8-四氰基对苯醌二甲烷的脂类衍生物：TCNQ（C2H4COOR）2（R=CH3，C2H5，C3H7）及其铜电子转移复合物。通过元素分析确定这些化合物的组成，对这些化合成物在4000～400cm^-1范围内的主要红外光谱吸收峰进行了归属，并讨论了取代基对TCNQ类衍生物红外光谱的影响及其规律。

用于高重复频率热容主振荡功率放大器激光系统的波前检测技术

高重复频率热容主振荡功率放大器(MOPA)激光系统的工作过程一般只持续几秒至几十秒,在此过程中系统输出光束的波前畸变是动态变化的。采用环路径向剪切干涉(CRWSI)技术对高重复频率热容MOPA系统波前畸变的变化过程进行检测,并对系统的总体结构进行了设计。搭建了一个简化的实验系统,采用平凹透镜来代替光放大器产生波前畸变,并由此对环路径向剪切干涉仪的测量精度进行了验证。结果表明,实验测量结果与理论计算值之间的峰值误差为7.8%(0.02λ)。

Efficient tunable diode-pumped Yb : LYSO laser

We demonstrated efficient laser action of a new ytterbium-doped oxyorthosilicate crystal Yb:LuYSiO5 ( Yb: LYSO) under high-power diode-pumping. The spectroscopic features and laser performance of the alloyed oxyorthosilicate crystal are compared with those of ytterbium-doped lutetium and yttrium oxyorthosilicates. In the continuous-wave laser operation of Yb: LYSO, a maximal slope efficiency of 96% and output power of 7.8 W were respectively achieved with different pump sources. The Yb: LYSO laser exhibits not only little sensitivity to the pump wavelength drift but also a broad tunability. By using a dispersive prism as the intracavity tuning element, we demonstrated that the continuous-wave Yb: LYSO laser exhibit a continuous tunability in the spectral range of 1014-1091 nm. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.