478 resultados para lab


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聚丙烯酸钠因其特殊的保水性能受到广泛重视,但是其研究仍多限于实验室模拟研究。为了促进其在农业生产中的应用与推广,该文采用大田试验,研究了聚丙烯酸钠对冬小麦生长、产量及水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明施入聚丙烯酸钠能够促进小麦生长,提高小麦叶绿素含量,提高小麦产量与WUE。采用沟施5.5 m3/hm2的1/2000聚丙烯酸钠水溶液,能够使小麦较对照增产2.9%,WUE增加3.52 kg/(hm2.mm);与肥料混合使用时,增产效果更加显著,可增产10.14%,WUE增加4.38 kg/(hm2.mm)。

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土壤持水曲线是研究土壤水力学性质必不可少的 ,在已经建立的众多数学模型中 ,vanGenuchten模型是目前运用最广泛的模型 ,而运用该模型的关键是其 4个参数的求解。为此 ,本文对同一组东北褐土的土壤水吸力和对应的土壤含水量数据较详细地介绍了Matlab软件的非线性拟合和非线性回归函数的运用 ,得出了该土壤vanGenuchten模型的 4个参数值 ,分别建立了该土壤的vanGenuchten模型 ,并利用Mat lab强大的绘图功能对它们进行了直观比较。最后运用方差分析和残差分析对该模型的计算值与实测数据进行了分析 ,结果表明 :非线性拟合和非线性回归函数求参结果的显著水平均达到p<0 0 0 0 1,残差平方和均小于 0 0 0 0 5 ,其中非线性回归函数的求参结果较非线性拟合好。因此 ,运用Matlab软件的非线性拟合和非线性回归函数对土壤持水曲线的vanGenuchten模型进行求参是切实可行的 ,从而为土壤学工作者寻求出了一条运用数值计算方法的新途径。

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Beijing University of Technology (BJUT); Beijing Municipal Lab of Brain Informatics; Chinese Society of Radiology; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs

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Chinese Acad Sci, ISCAS Lab Internet Software Technologies

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Chinese Assoc Cryptol Res, State Key Lab Informat Secur, Inst Software, Grad Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China

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National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871177]; Project of State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System [088RA304SA]; CAS Knowledge Innovation Project

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Sustainable water use is seriously compromised in the North China Plain (NCP) due to the huge water requirements of agriculture, the largest use of water resources. An integrated approach which combines the ecosystem model with emergy analysis is presented to determine the optimum quantity of irrigation for sustainable development in irrigated cropping systems. Since the traditional emergy method pays little attention to the dynamic interaction among components of the ecological system and dynamic emergy accounting is in its infancy, it is hard to evaluate the cropping system in hypothetical situations or in response to specific changes. In order to solve this problem, an ecosystem model (Vegetation Interface Processes (VIP) model) is introduced for emergy analysis to describe the production processes. Some raw data, collected by investigating or observing in conventional emergy analysis, may be calculated by the VIP model in the new approach. To demonstrate the advantage of this new approach, we use it to assess the wheat-maize rotation cropping system at different irrigation levels and derive the optimum quantity of irrigation according to the index of ecosystem sustainable development in NCP. The results show, the optimum quantity of irrigation in this region should be 240-330 mm per year in the wheat system and no irrigation in the maize system, because with this quantity of irrigation the rotation crop system reveals: best efficiency in energy transformation (transformity = 6.05E + 4 sej/J); highest sustainability (renewability = 25%); lowest environmental impact (environmental loading ratio = 3.5) and the greatest sustainability index (Emergy Sustainability Index = 0.47) compared with the system in other irrigation amounts. This study demonstrates that application of the new approach is broader than the conventional emergy analysis and the new approach is helpful in optimizing resources allocation, resource-savings and maintaining agricultural sustainability.

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As a high efficiency separation technique, capillary electrophoresis(CE) has been widely used in various fields of analytical science. Amperometry is one of the most sensitive electrochemical detection methods in CE. The capillary/electrode decoupling mechanism, applications,of new electrode systems in CE, detection cell technique are discussed in detail. Amperometric detection is compatible with microfabricated CE chips and will make the concept of lab-on-a-chip become a reality. Because of these progresses, amperometry is becoming a widely acceptable detection method,for more chemical and biological analytes.

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带电粒子与绝缘体表面相互作用的研究揭示了很多新的物理现象和物理规律,目前该研究领域已拓展到原子物理,固体物理,等离子体物理等领域,特别是促进了纳米材料,超小尺寸半导体芯片制作,固体结构分析等应用领域的发展。本论文介绍了低能高流强电子束与绝缘体相互作用实验平台的建设,包括强流LaB6电子枪,64通道一维位置灵敏法拉第筒,电流电压转换放大器,基于Lab VIEW的数据获取软件系统等。研究了低能高流强电子束与锥形绝缘毛细管之间的相互作用。测量了出射电子的角分布与能谱,研究了入射电子能量、流强对电子传输效率的影响,分析了电子与高电荷态粒子同毛细管相互作用的区别。用低能高流强电子束与等内径弯曲绝缘管相互作用,测量了出射电子的角分布,研究了入射能量与流强对导向效应的影响。研究表明,与高点和态离子相比,电子与绝缘管相互作用有许多新的特性,电子传输效率较高电荷态粒子小1-2个数量级,且能量损失严重。量子反射和多次小角度散射是电子导向的主要原因

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胸苷酸合成酶(thymidylate synthase,简称TS)和二氢叶酸还原酶(dihydrofolate reductase, 简称DHFR)都是叶酸依赖性酶,在维持DNA合成和DNA修复上发挥关键作用,并且多年来一直是肿瘤研究和化疗的重要靶点。我们前期的研究发现,TS和DHFR在翻译水平上存在负反馈调控机制。人TS和DHFR可以与其自身的mRNA结合,从而抑制mRNA的表达,化疗药物可以与TS或者DHFR相互作用,形成的复合物不能与TS mRNA结合, 使负反馈机制丧失。因此深入研究TS和DHFR的翻译调控机理,对阐明肿瘤抗药性机制,对发现新的抗肿瘤药物和肿瘤的治疗都具有十分重要的意义。 本论文利用mRNA体外展示技术,构建多肽库(约10万亿种多肽分子),利用多种实验手段将mRNA体外展示技术进行优化,提高了多肽库融合肽的产量,提高了mRNA体外展示技术筛选的特异性。将TS mRNA分子上的顺式因子TS30 RNA固定于磁珠上,将融合肽库与顺式因子作用,经过6轮循环,由多肽库中获得了与TS mRNA高度亲和的多肽序列,体外结合实验证明亲和肽可以与TS全长mRNA结合,体外翻译实验证明多肽可以抑制TS mRNA的翻译。并且利用phage display技术由噬菌体肽库(12个氨基酸随机肽库)经过四轮筛选,分别筛选到TS和DHFR的亲和肽,凝胶阻滞实验证明它们分别能与TS和DHFR mRNA结合。 本论文利用的展示技术可以广泛应用于特异靶点的蛋白质筛选,并且本论文筛选到的TS和DHFR亲和肽可以作为TS和DHFR的抑制剂,从而为获得新型的抗肿瘤药物奠定基础。

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分析超高压输电线路架空地线上的障碍物类型以及跨越这些障碍的过程。可以发现,巡检机器人采用双臂交替跨越障碍,越障过程简单。但是由于受巡检机器人自身重力偏矩的影响和手臂长度尺寸的限制,当单臂悬架在架空地线上时,导致巡检机器人本体倾斜,另一手臂完成脱线和上线任务变得十分困难,有时甚至造成越障失败。为了解决上述问题,提出质量调节的控制方法。该方法通过调节巡检机器人的质心,使巡检机器人的本体保持水平状态。为了验证质量调节控制方法的正确性,采用Lagrange方法建立巡检机器人动力学模型,通过仿真试验、实验室模拟实际架空地线试验以及超高压实际现场试验说明了提出方法的可行性。

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结合智能机器人多传感器实验平台的研制工作 ,系统介绍了其图像伺服子系统的工作原理、系统构成以及实现方案 ,涉及图像处理、机器视觉和机器人跟踪控制等相关内容 ,并讨论了物体自动识别和抓取过程中需要注意的一些问题 .

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本文结合智能机器人多传感器实验平台的研制工作,系统地介绍了图像传感器在线标定的原理和方法,并对标定系统的构成做了概述,同时结合实验对相关问题进行进一步的探讨。

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本文介绍了基于工业以太网的载人潜水器的信息综合显控系统。详细地描述了该系统的软件结构及各相关模块的特点,并对系统中各部分所实现的功能进行了详细的介绍。目前,该系统已在实验室进行了实验,实验效果良好。

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介绍了基于工业以太网的载人潜水器的数据采集与监控系统。简要地阐述了载人潜水器的重要性。详细地描述了该系统的硬件结构及各智能节点的特点,并对系统中各层所实现的功能进行了详细的介绍。目前,该系统已在实验室进行了实验,实验效果良好。