A two-step backoff scheme for improving the performance of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function

This paper describes the binary exponential backoff mechanism of 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF), and introduces some methods of modifying the backoff scheme. Then a novel backoff scheme, called Two-step Backoff scheme, is presented and illustrated. The simulation process in OPNET environment has been described also. At last, the analysis and simulation results show that the Two-step backoff scheme can enhance the performance of the IEEE 802.11 DCF.

A power-saving scheme for IEEE 802.11 Ad hoc networks

In the Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), the terminals are often powered by battery, so the power-saving performance of the wireless network card is a very important issue. For IEEE 802.11 Ad hoc networks, a power-saving scheme is presented in Medium Access Control (MAC) layer to reduce the power consumption by allowing the nodes enter into the sleep mode, but the scheme is based on Time-Drive Scheme (TDS) whose power-saving efficiency becomes lower and lower with the network load increasing. This paper presented a novel energy-saving mechanism, called as Hybrid-Drive Scheme (HDS), which introduces into a Message.-Drive Scheme (MDS) and combines MDS with the conventional TDS. The MDS, could obtain high efficiency when the load is heavy; meanwhile the TDS has high efficiency when the network load is small. The analysis shows that the proposed HDS could obtain high energy-efficiency whether the network load is light or heavy and have higher energy-saving efficiency than conventional scheme in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

微过氧化酶-11电化学行为的研究

生物分子的电化学行为与生命过程直接相关,通过对生物大分子电子传递反应机理的研究,可获得有关生理过程的重要信息.该论文主要研究内容和结论如下:1.研究了用共价键合法、Nafion膜法、自组装法和吸附法制备的MP-11修饰电极,发现用吸附法来制备MP-11修饰电极有方法简单,稳定性较好的优点.2.首次利用电化学方法研究了赖氨酸和精氨酸与MP-11配位后对MP-11的电化学性能的影响.3.研究了MP-11对NO还原的电催化作用.4.首次用傅立叶变换表面增强拉曼光谱研究了粗糙银电极表面MP-11的结构和吸附方式.5.首次研究了细胞色素c在尼龙膜修饰金电极上的电化学行为.

A面(11-20)ZnO薄膜中杂质的偏振PL谱研究

本文通过分析A面(11-20)ZnO薄膜的低温PL(光致发光)光谱偏振特性来研究ZnO光致发光谱中杂质峰的来源.低温(4 K)下观察到476、479 nm两处新的杂质峰以及390 nm处激子峰,根据两个杂质峰的偏振特性,初步判定476nm峰来源于氧空位能级到价带轻空穴的跃迁,479 nm峰来源于氧空位价带重空穴的跃迁.

PCA在语音检测中的应用研究

提出主元分析PCA(Principal Component Analysis)用于语音检测的方法研究．用主元分析法在多维空间中建立坐标轴，将待处理信号投影到该坐标轴中，通过分析投影结果判断是否为语音信号．通过将语音和非语音分别建立子空间，来区分语音和非语音信号．该方法不同于常规的语音时域、频域处理方法，而是在多维空间中对信号进行分析·实验结果表明，该方法准确率高、简单、容易实现，而且能区分多种非语音信号．

随机生长误差对双腔型平顶法布里-珀罗滤波器的影响

在光网络中平顶滤波器可以有效地提高信道光检测的快速性和准确性。利用两个法布里-珀罗腔间的串联耦合，可以构建出具有半顶透射特性的双腔型法布里-珀罗滤波器。采用传输矩阵的方法，研究了随机生长误差对双腔型平顶滤波器透射特性的影响。模拟分析表明，当两个法布里-珀罗腔的物理厚度差超过一个纳米时，在透射谱中就会出现两个高度不同的透射峰；解释了实测器件的透射谱中的双峰不对称性；用界面起伏的概念解释了实测滤波器带宽大于理论值的原因。理论分析与实验结果取得了较好的一致。

7.8μm二级分布反馈量子级联激光器

报道了基于应变补偿的InP基In0.53+xGa0.47-xAs/In0.52-yAl0.48+yAs分布反馈量子级联激光器.采用二级光栅作为反馈,激射工作波长为7.8μm,在1%占空比,5kHz频率的工作条件下,在93～173K的温度范围内,单模发射光谱边模抑制比均超过20dB,调谐系数dλ/dT=0.5125nm/K.在93K时,峰值功率为30mW,直到153K时,峰值光功率仍达到12mW.

Effects of polarization field on formation of two-dimensional electron gas in (0001) and (11(2)over-bar0) plane AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

Photoluminescence (PL) and temperature-dependent Hall effect measurements were carried out in (0001) and (11 (2) over bar0) AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. There are strong spontaneous and piezoelectric electric fields (SPF) along the growth orientation of the (0001) AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. At the same time there are no corresponding SPF along that of the (1120) AlGaN/GaN. A strong PL peak related to the recombination between two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and photoexcited holes was observed at 3.258 eV at room temperature in (0001) AlGaN/GaN heterointerfaces while no corresponding PL peak was observed in (11 (2) over bar0). The existence of a 2DEG was observed in (0001) AlGaN/GaN multi-layers with a mobility saturated at 6000 cm(2)/V s below 80 K, whereas a much lower mobility was measured in (11 (2) over bar0). These results indicated that the SPF was the main element to cause the high mobility and high sheet-electron-density 2DEG in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Strain effects on optical polarisation properties in (11(2)over-bar2) plane GaN films

We present the theoretical results of the electronic band structure of wurtzite GaN films under biaxial strains in the (11 (2) over bar2)-plane The calculations are performed by the kappa p perturbation theory approach through using the effective-mass Hamiltonian for an arbitrary direction The results show that the transition energies decrease with the biaxial strains changing from -0 5% to 0 5% For films of (11 (2) over bar2)-plane, the strains are expected to be anisotropic in the growth plane Such anisotropic strains give rise to valence band mixing which results in dramatic change in optical polarisation property The strain can also result in optical polarisation switching phenomena Finally, we discuss the applications of these properties to the (11 (2) over bar2) plane GaN based light emitting diode and lase diode

人工湿地塘床系统净化污水的机理研究

人工湿地处理污水实验场经过多年的运行已形成了较稳定的具有多 种生物种类的适合污水处理的生态系统，活水公园人工湿地塘床系统运行时间仅一年，初步显示了湿地生态系统的生物多样性特点。筛选出了菖蒲、芦苇、茭白、香蒲、水竹、马蹄莲、凤眼莲、浮萍、睡莲等适合本地人工湿地塘床系统种植的湿地植物。人工湿地塘床系统是由各种湿地单元与各种各样的高、低等生物和所处的开放式的环境共同构成了较为完整的具有净化污水功能的生态系统，因此，与生物滤池相比，把人工湿地塘床系统称为生态滤池显得更为合适。其出水具有生物安全性。实验结果表明，实验场对生活污水中的COD_(Cr)、BOD_5、TP的去除率在80％以上，对TN的去除率为60.60% ～ 86.4%，细菌总数的去除率为86.9% ～ 99.6%，总大肠菌群的去除率为94.6% ～ 99.7%，其出水水质能够满足二级污水处理的要求。活水公园对枯水期府河水中的COD_(Cr)、BOD_5、TN、TP的去除率在85％以上，总大肠菌群的去除率为99.97%，其净化效果能够满足污水深度处理的需要。湿地植物光合作用向水体供氧能力的试验研究结果表明，在几种光照控制条件静态试验和现场试验中，菖蒲、香蒲、茭白、水竹、凤眼莲等植物植株水面以上的茎、叶在光照条件下进行光合作用时并没有引起根层区水体内溶解氧浓度的升高（氧增），反出现下降（氧亏）。说明这些植物水上部分光合作用对水体DO没有贡献。浮萍光合作时引起氧增的作用较弱，仅维持低水平，试验期间9:00 ～ 15:00的氧增幅度在0.11 ～ 1.13mg/L之间，平均为0.44mg/L。芦苇在9:00 ～ 15:00光合作用时根层区水体氧增幅在-0.20 ～ 1.07mg/L之间，平均为0.30mg/L。上述这些植物植株的水面以下的根、根茎、茎、叶如果暴露在光照条件下时，会进行光合作用，产生的氧直接释放到水体并引起氧增的作用非常明显，试验期间9:00 ～ 15:00的氧增幅度在1.91 ～ 16.1mg/L之间。人工湿地处理污水系统植物床基质内各测点的上、下层COD_(Cr)值虽有一定的差别，但经过成对平均数比较分析发现这种差别并未形成明显的趋势。污水在植物床基质中流动时，随着迁移距离的延长，其中的COD_(Cr)的降解速率呈现先快后慢的趋势，根据动态变化规律，建立了COD_(Cr)在植物床基质层内沿程水平迁移降解动态变化模型：C_L = C_o exp(4.629 * 10~(-5)L~2-0.01567L，0 ≤ L ≤ 100。经验证，模型预测值与实际监测值呈非常显著相关（r ≥ 0.9946 > r_(0.0005(4))，r_(0.0005(4)) = 0.9741)。在人工湿地塘床系统运行监测过程中，发现处于光照下的水体中的pH呈周期性变化，与DO的变化规律相似，在试验期间，9:00 ～ 15:00的pH和DO都呈上升趋势，两者呈协同周期性变化。经相关性回归分析，pH的变化规律与DO呈非常显著相正关，植物床表层渍水区pH与DO的回归关系相关系数r = 0.9129 > r_(0.01(70))(r_(0.01(70)) = 0.302)，植物塘内的pH与DO的相关系数r = 0.8584 > r_(0.01(60))(r_(0.01(60)) = 0.325)，植物床基质层内的pH与DO之间的相关性较差。相关分析结果表明，DO变化幅度大的水体中，pH的变化幅度也就越大，两者之间的相关性也就越显著，这可能与水体中氧化还原电位和水生植物光合作用伴随的代谢活动有关。这种相关性和协同周期性变化具有一定的生态学意义，并会给净化污水的效果产生影响。