38 resultados para b-D-Galactopyranose
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近年来对稀土冠醚络合物的研究日益受到重视文献曾报导了12-冠-4,15-冠-5,18-冠-6等冠醚与稀土的固体络合物的合成性质及结构的研究,但大部分工作侧重于研究冠醚空腔与稀土离子直径的匹配程度对络合物稳定性的影响,而对于冠醚具有的取代基、空间构型及其配位阴离子等对络合物稳定性、组成结构的影响尚注意得很不够,对溶液中络合物的研究工作较少;特别是冠醚对稀土元素萃取性质的研究未见系统报导。本论文以瑞士进口的二环已基18-冠-6(DCC)混合物为原料进行异构体的分离。得到纯异构体A、B、D的~(13)C谱,不同位置的五种碳原子的谱线清析可辨,其化学位移值与计算值比较,确定了谱线的归属,利用单一异构体测定结果,对异构体A、B、D混合物进行鉴定得到满意结果。利用分离得到的纯异构体A、B及北京五所提供的异构体D合成了与轻稀土硝酸盐络合物。元素分析结果指出,除1:1络合物外,首次得到非1:1组成的络合物。La(NO_3)_3·DDC(DCC=Ia,Id),[Ln(NO_3)_3]_3(DCC)_2 (Ln=Ce,Pr,Nd,DCC=Ia,Id)而异构体B得到全部3:2的络合物。选择硝酸镧与三种异构体的络合物进行了热分析,结果指出3:2与1:1络物物表现出完全不同的热分解行为。3:2络物合只有一步分解,且比1:1络物合具有更高的热分解温度1:1络合物分两步分解,首先发生向3:2络合物的转变。络合物的红外光谱研究表明,络合物中冠醚与自由冠醚的红外光谱图呈现明显区别,冠醚环上COC反对称伸展振动在生成络合物后向低频产生50~70 cm~(-1)的位移,其中3:2比1:1络合物位移量略大,络合物中硝酸根的振动吸收全部呈现配位硝酸根的特征谱带,并且3:2与1:1络合物之间呈现明显差别。另外在远红外区观察到Ln-O(NO_3~-)的振动谱带。用NMR研究冠醚与稀土在非水溶剂中的络合反应。首先测定了12-冠-4,15-冠-5与位移试剂Pr(fod)_3,Eu(fod)_3,Yb(fod)_3体系中冠醚次甲基上'H及~(13)C的化学位移值Δδ,得到了谱线随稀土与冠醚浓度比改变的变化规律。位移方向,对于Pr向高场移动,对于Eu、Yb向低场移动,位移量及谱线宽度的大小为Yb>Pr>Eu。且Δδ~(13)C>Δδ~1H符合几何因素的规律,即正比于(3COS~2θ-1)/~r~3。利用二种方法计算了不同温度下络合物的稳定常数。对于不同冠醚,K值次序为冠-5>冠-4>冠-6,对于不同位移试剂为Pr>Eu>Yb。利用不同温度的K_1值,计算并讨论了平衡反应的热力学函数ΔG°,ΔH°,ΔS°。实验考察了微量水存在下络合物的结构和作用机理,在高氯酸盐与冠醚体系的研究中,观察到与位移试剂体系完全相反的规律。还发现在高氯酸稀土与冠醚的体系中快和慢两种交换过程共存,通过对单一交换体系的络合物稳定常数计算方法的改进,提出了适合混合交换体系的计算方法,并计算了18C6与Pr(clo_4)_3络合物在20℃时的稳定常数,K_1=164升/摩乐。系统地研究了12-冠-4,15-冠-5,18-冠-6的衍生物及其二苯并24-冠-8等11种冠醚对单一稀土苦味酸盐的萃取,制备了15个稀土的苦味酸盐,考察了冠醚的空腔大小及取代基和空间构型对冠醚萃取稀土能力的影响,得到了B15C5,B18Cb,DCC萃取15个稀土元素的规律性,测定了相邻稀土元素间的分离因数,讨论了各种因素对DCC异构体萃取分离Pr Nd的影响,指出异构体A具有更大选择性。最大分离因数β_(Nd)~(Pr)=3.5,上述结果将为今后发展冠醚在稀土分离液膜萃取等方面的应用提供基础数据。
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生物膜的结构与功能是生命科学的重要课题,我们以单链表面活性剂和双链磷脂等双亲性分子为膜模拟体系主要进行了以下研究:1.制备了长链烷基胺的氢卤酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐和磷酸二氢盐等四个系列的二十余种化合物,并在研究四卤合金属酸(II)双烷基铵体系的基础上首次制得了链长为n≥8的六卤合金属酸(IV)双烷基铵类系列化合物。用热重和差示扫描量热等热分析方法研究了其热稳定性和热致相变过程随烷基链链的变化规律,用X-射线四圆衍射分析方法确定了四个有代表性化合物的晶体结构。研究结果表明,这些化合物均具有类似于生物膜双分子层的二维片层结构和类似于生物膜脂质本体凝胶-液晶相变过程的固-固结构相变,可以作为生物膜的优良固态模拟体系。2.系统地研究了双亲性化合物分子体系的拉曼光谱,发现了一些新的对烷基链构象化灵敏的谱带。系统地研究了长链脂肪酸、烷基胺和烷基胺氢卤酸盐等化合物的拉曼低频纵向声子模式(LAM)振动随烷基链链长的变化关系,并首次将LAM用于长链化合物的相变研究。通过考察拉曼谱带频率和强度随温度的变化,详细地讨论了癸胺盐酸盐和月桂胺氢溴酸盐的固-固相变过程的分子机制。3.用红外光谱方法考察了一些长链化合物的固-固相变过程,首次用红外光谱因子群分裂谱带强度比变化的方法确定了长链合物的结构相变温度,从分子水平上解释了月桂胺盐酸盐的两种不同结构相变过程的机制,将相变过程中分子间和分子内相互作用的变化加以区别。系统考察了溴化十六烷基三甲铵和十二烷基磺酸钠等表面活性剂水溶液体系的红外光谱随温度的变化确定了体系的凝聚胶-腋晶相变温度,讨论了不同相态中水分子的结构和水的挥发对凝聚胶相状态的影响,并发现十二烷基磺酸钠水溶液存在着两种不同结构类型的凝聚胶相,将固态正烷烃的红外光谱研究结果推广应用到研究水溶液体系,提高了水溶液状态下表面活性剂分子烷基链构象确定的定量程度。4.用差示扫描量热、红外光谱和拉曼光谱等方法考察了固态磷脂的相变过程,讨论了磷脂固-固相变过程中酰链、甘油骨架以及头部基团等不同部位相应的构象变化,合理地解释了无水磷脂的不同热历程中热分析数据有差异的原因。十余种稀土离子与磷脂脂质体相互作用的研究结果表明,稀土离子的加入明显地升高了磷脂的凝胶-液晶相变温度,稀土离子与磷脂的极性头部产生了稳定的键合作用,从而影响了磷脂酰链的构象有序度,同时还发现稀土离子对不同曲率的磷脂泡囊的构象影响有所不同。我们还探讨了一些抗癌药物(如Ge-132,顺铂和氟脲嘧啶等)与磷脂的相互作用。5.通过L-B技术考察了不同挥发溶剂对磷脂单分子层成膜性的影响,讨论了磷脂与短杆菌肽和无活菌素等分子在单分子层中的相互作用。结果表明在表面压力较高时,短杆菌肽D与磷脂分子间的相互作用比无活菌素的更稳定,单分子层在固相区域,短杆菌肽D在摩尔分数较低时其螺旋链与磷脂酰链有接近一致的分子取向。棕榈胺LB膜热稳定性的变温红外光谱研究结果表明,棕榈胺LB膜在加热过程中发生了由有序到无序的渐变,但比固态棕榈胺熔点相应的熔程加大。利用L-B中化学反应的方法制备了常规提拉下难以得到的水溶性分子的L-B膜。
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本研究用线粒体细胞色素b 基因全序列和ND4 基因序列探讨了哀牢髭蟾 (Vibrissaphora ailaonica)分子亲缘地理学和保护遗传学,利用线粒体细胞色素b、 控制区全序列和部分12SrRNA 基因序列研究了分布于中国的红瘰疣螈 (Tylototriton verrucosus)分子亲缘地理学和保护遗传学。 哀牢髭蟾为生活于高海拔生境(大约2000-2600m)的濒危蛙类。各种致危因 素引起了关于对小的、隔离种群长期存活的关注,然而迄今没有关于该物种遗传 多样性的报道。本论文首次研究了分布于中国云南省的哀牢髭蟾的亲缘地理学和 保护遗传学。对采自于9 个种群81 个个体,我们应用线粒体mtDNA cyt b 和 ND4 基因共计1990bp, 获得了51 个单倍型。系统发育分析显示三个分化较深且互为单 系的族群,大致相应于分别被元江和藤条江河谷分开的三个地理单元(元江以东、 金平和藤条江以西地理单元),暗示了长期的地理隔离分化。分子变异等级分析 (AMOVA)显示遗传变异主要为三个地理单元之间(81.68%)和种群内的个体之 间(11.26%)。三个地理单元显著的地理分布暗示在空间和时间上的隔离,这与中 国西南地区在晚中新世到上新世的哀牢山的造山运动和隆升所引起的重要的气候 和古地质变化时间相一致。我们推测低海拔干热河谷可能是三个地理单元之间基 因交流受限的主要生态障碍。根据上述研究结果,我们建议对这三个遗传分化显 著的地理单元,元江以东地区、金平地区、藤条江以西地区作为独立的管理单元 分别加以保护。 本研究通过测定中国横断山区的红瘰疣螈(Tylototriton verrucosus)17个采集 点的123个红瘰疣螈标本的线粒体mtDNA Cyt b、D-loop和12SrRNA三个基因片段 (2347 bp)序列,首次研究了红瘰疣螈在横断山区的群体遗传结构和分子系统地理格 局,并讨论了T. shanjing的物种有效性。基于123个样品定义的49个单倍型的贝叶 斯和NJ系统发育分析表明:(1) T. verrucosus和T. shanjing均未各自构成单系,而是 共同构成一个单系群;(2) 横断山区的红瘰疣螈分为3个线粒体DNA地理单元,即滇 东南、滇中-滇西和片马地理单元,并且地理单元间不存在共享单倍型,说明红瘰 疣螈具有明显的系统地理分布格局。AMOVA分析同样表明3个地理单元之间存在 显著差异,并且分子变异主要发生在3个地理单元间(62.4%)。T. shanjing与T.verrucosus的mtDNA cyt b 序列差异平均值仅为1.1%,明显小于它们与两外群(贵 州疣螈和大凉疣螈)及外群间的遗传距离(6.5-9.9%)。因此,根据T. verrucosus和 T.shanjing的遗传差异以及系统发育分析结果都不支持T. shanjing的物种地位,T. shanjing为T. verrucosus的同物异名,并建议恢复T. verrucosus的中文名红瘰疣螈。 基于上述结果,我们建议将分布于滇东南、滇中-滇西、片马地区的红瘰疣螈作 为三个独立的管理单元分别加以保护。
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计算了不同温度下GaAs/AlGaAs量子阱材料光增益与载流子密度的关系。根据B-D条件:ΔF>hγ≥E_g+E_(c1)+E_(v1),得到了ΔF、峰值增益光子能量和E_g+E_(v1)与载流子密度的关系,并得到了不同增益的激光器阈值电流温度关系。计算结果解释了实验出现的阈值电流温度的反常特性和波长开关现象,并且与器件温度特性符合。
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食品安全一直是世界各国密切关注的社会问题,直接关系人民群众的身体健康和社会稳定。代谢组学已广泛应用于毒理学机制研究、药物安全性评价等领域。将代谢组学技术应用于食品安全评价领域是一项有益的探索研究。目前我国许多水域镉含量超标,导致鱼类等水产品对镉的蓄积,对人体膳食健康造成威胁。 本文以鲫鱼为受试动物,开展室内水箱养殖实验,设定50g•L-1、500g•L-1两个镉浓度水平,共养殖25天,其中暴露期20天和净化期5天。通过镉含量测定和鱼肉磷脂代谢组学分析得到以下结论: 1)以暴露浓度、暴露时间、鱼体组织部位为因素,发现了鲫鱼对水环境中镉的积累和分布规律; 2)针对鱼肉开展磷脂代谢组学分析,①定性分析,通过质谱图解析基本确认了鱼肉中主要的磷脂分子的脂肪酸组成。②定量分析,采用HPLC定量分析暴露0天(K组)、10天(B组)、20天(D组)共计30个鱼肉样本中的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)含量, 发现K组与B组、B组与D组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),K组与D组无显著性差异。表明暴露10天后PC含量普遍低于正常水平(暴露0天),暴露20天后PC含量基本恢复到正常水平。③模式识别分析,PLS-DA主成分分析可有效识别K、B、D三组样本。 3)分别从限量标准、膳食安全风险评估两个角度评价了鱼肉膳食安全风险。通过PC定量分析和主成分分析,发现鱼肉中PC总量可以作为指示鲫鱼受到镉暴露的生物标示物;通过磷脂代谢图谱与鱼肉镉含量PLS拟合模型分析有效表征和量化了鱼肉磷脂对镉暴露的代谢响应,探索性提出借助拟合模型,通过磷脂代谢图谱分析预测鱼肉样本的镉含量。 4)在食品安全风险评价方面,建议采用限量标准、膳食摄入量、代谢组学识别和模型预测分析等相结合的手段,对传统风险评估体系在继承的基础上加以科学性的扩充和完善。
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森林蒸散不但是森林水量平衡的重要分量,也是森林热量平衡的重要分量。准确模拟森林蒸散量是森林水文学、森林气象学学科发展的需求,同时也为森林流域水资源、森林生态系统管理及其开发利用提供科学依据。本文以长白山阔叶红松为对象,利用长白山阔叶红松林气象观测塔安装的常规气象梯度观钡(系统、开路涡动相关系统的观测数据,依据空气动力学基本理论与能量平衡方程建立了森林蒸散机理模型(模型a与模型b),并确定了参数:零平面位移高度d以及温度和风速廓线稳定度订正函数φm和φh。同时,对比分析了模型模拟森林蒸散量的精度,结果表明:本文模型a模拟蒸散量的精度为84.06%:模型b的模拟精度为79.47%;空气动力学方法中的Pruitt法、Businger法、Dyer法的模拟精度分别是59.85%、53.81%、52.07%;波文比法模拟精度仅为41.15%。最后,利用MAOS-I型小气候自动观测系统的观测数据以及土壤含水量监测结果,分别应用模型。和水量平衡法对长白山阔叶红松林生长季节(2001年7-9月)的蒸散量进行了模拟与计算。结果表明,模型。得到的森林蒸散总量为268.91mm,水量平衡法获得的结果为288.18mm。两者相差:19.29mm,相对误差为6.7%。
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三面压缩式高超声速进气道在侧压式进气道的基础上加入顶面压缩,理论上具有的更短的压缩距离,从而有利于超声速飞行器的整体设计。该进气道不同于传统的顶压式进气道和侧压式进气道,由于其压缩激波在竖直和水平方向都存在,因此出现三维空间的激波相交和反射,造成流场复杂度大大增加,而其也直接影响了进气道设计构型与波系的相对位置关系及进气道性能。\newline 三面压缩进气道由于顶板与侧板两个方向压缩,在顶板与侧板相交线附近区域,激波并不是简单的二维平面激波结构。顶压激波和侧压激波相交后,在波型上产生了明显的变化。在角区的激波相干后的波系结构:顶板激波与侧壁激波相交后,都变得不再连续,即在相互"穿越"的过程中发生了"断裂",出现了过渡的桥波2。然而对该相干结构的认识目前也仅限于此,其流动的特征,对进气道性能的影响以及如何规划三面压缩进气道设计构型都还需要深入的探索。忽略激波边界层干扰,专注于激波相干现象本身,对于这种三维激波相干结构开展了无黏数值分析研究,探索了其关键影响因素,理论分析了其相干特征。\newline 本文分析认为角区波系可分成$A$,$B$,$C$,$D$,$E$5个部分,$A$为未经激波压缩的区域;$B$为只经过顶压激波3压缩的区域:$C$为只经过侧压激波1压缩的区域;$D$为经过顶压激波3和侧压激波1共同压缩的区域;$E$为过桥波2压缩的区域。对于顶压激波来说,$B$区域的气体与$D$区域的气体参数并不相同,因为$D$区域的气体还经过了侧压激波的压缩,因此在相同的气流转角下,$D$区域的顶板激波角大于$B$区域的顶板激波角,所以顶压激波在穿越侧压激波后发生了"断裂",7的位置高于3的位置;同理,侧压激波穿越顶压激波后,4的位置也会向对称面移动,侧压激波也发生"断裂"。基于以上物理模型,应用二维激波关系,探索性给出的三维激波相干位置的无黏近似计算方法。\newline 数值研究进一步发现相干结构产生的桥波区域为低总压区,对进气道总压恢复系数不利。
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本学位论文报道了作为传统藏药材广泛使用的西藏产雪莲花化学成分的研究。论文由五章组成,第一章是三种西藏产雪莲花的化学成分的系统分离纯化和结构鉴定;第二章为西藏产雪莲花化学成分的液-质及串联质谱联用分析;第三章提出了以HPLC和TLC为检测方法的雪莲花药材质量标准草案;第四章给出了对西藏产雪莲花挥发油化学成分的气-质联用分析结果;第五章概述了雪莲花的化学成分及药理研究进展。 第一章包括三个部分。第一部分报道了绵头雪莲花(Saussurea laniceps Hand.-Mazz.)全草乙醇提取物化学成分的分离鉴定。采用正相硅胶柱层析及凝胶柱层析等分离方法,从西藏产绵头雪莲花的乙醇提取物中共分离鉴定出15个化合物。其中11个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到,当中2个化合物系在凤毛菊属植物中首次发现。第二部分报道了水母雪莲花(Saussurea medusa Maxim.)全草乙醇提取物的化学成分。采用正、反相硅胶柱层析及凝胶柱层析等分离方法,共分离鉴定出15个化合物,其中1个为新化合物,另有4个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。新化合物结构通过质谱和一维及二维核磁共振等波谱解析方法及碱水解反应确定为巴豆酰基-高车前苷(M-7)。第三部分报道了三指雪莲花 (Saussurea tridactyla Sch.-Bip. ex Hook. f.)全草乙醇提取物的化学成分。采用正相硅胶柱层析及凝胶柱层析等分离方法,共分离鉴定出7个化合物,其中1个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。 第二章也包括三个部分。首先是采用液-质联用(HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn)分析方法,对7个西藏不同产地的三指雪莲花化学成分进行了分析,通过与标准品的 UV和MS数据比较,共鉴定出14个峰,并对其中8个共有成分进行了定量测定。其次是关于八种西藏产雪莲花化学成分的液-质联用(HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn)分析,通过与标准品的UV和MS数据比较,共鉴定出15个峰,并对其中8个共有成分进行了定量检测。最后通过对八种西藏产雪莲花主要化学成分的多级串联质谱(ESI-MSn)分析,快速、灵敏地鉴定出10个黄酮和3个香豆素化学成分。 第三章同样包括三个部分。首先是以绵头雪莲花中主要香豆素成分东莨菪素和伞形花内酯为对照品,通过TLC定性检测和HPLC含量测定,草拟出较严谨的药材质量标准。其次是将绵头雪莲花、三指雪莲花和雪兔子作为一个药材看待,草拟了以东莨菪素和伞形花内酯的TLC检测为指标的药材质量标准。最后是针对水母雪莲花,以主要黄酮成分芹菜素-7-O-b-D-葡萄糖苷为对照品作TLC检测,并草拟出该药材的质量标准草案。 第四章报道了西藏产雪莲花挥发油的化学成分分析。采用传统水蒸气蒸馏法分别从八种雪莲花全草中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分别从水母雪莲花、绵头雪莲花、槲叶雪莲花、云状雪兔子、拉萨雪兔子、小果雪兔子、雪兔子和三指雪莲花中分别鉴定出83、83、56、34、21、20、24和20个化学成分,分别占其挥发油总量的70.7%、76.0%、82.2%、55.4%、49.7%、70.4 %、76.2%和 76.7%。 第五章为综述,总结和概括了雪莲花的化学和药理研究进展。 The dissertation reports the investigation of the chemical constituents of the genus Saussurea. Quite a lot of species in this genus are traditional Tibetan medicinal plants, and hence have been widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine. This dissertation consisted of five chapters. The first chapter is on the chemical constituents of three Saussurea plants. The second section is about the analysis of chemical constituents of Saussurea plants using HPLC-MS and ESI-MS/MS. In the third chapter, we proposed quality-control standards for the Genus Saussurea based on TLC (thin layer chromatography) and HPLC. The fourth chapter is about chemical compositions of the essential oil from the whole plant of Saussurea plants. The last chapter reviews the research progress of the Genus Saussurea. The first chapter consists of three parts. The first part is about chemical constituents of ethanol extracts from whole plant of Saussurea laniceps Hand.-Mazz. Fifteen compounds were isolated by column chromatography on normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Among them, eleven compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, and two compounds were isolated from Genus Saussurea for the first time. The second part is about chemical constituents of ethanol extracts from whole plant of Saussurea medusa Maxim. Fifteen compounds were isolated by column chromatography on normal phase, reversed phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Five of them were isolated from this plant for the first time, and there is one new flavonoid glucoside which was identified as 6″-O-crotonoyl-homoplantaginin (M-7) based on the evidence of one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry analysis, and alkaline hydrolysis reaction. The last part is about chemical constituents of ethanol extracts from whole plant of Saussurea tridactyla Sch.-Bip. ex Hook. f.. Seven compounds were isolated by column chromatography on normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. There is one compound which was isolated from this plant for the first time. The second chapter consists of three parts. In the first part, we analyzed the chemical constituents of S. tridactyla collected from seven different places in Tibet using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Fourteen peaks in the HPLC were identified by comparison of UV and MS spectra with those of authentic compounds, among which eight common peaks were quantified. In the second part, we analyzed the chemical constituents of eight Saussurea species using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn method. Fifteen peaks in the HPLC were identified by comparison of UV and MS spectra with those of authentic compounds and eight main peaks of them were quantified. In the last part, we analyzed the chemical compounds of the above eight Saussurea plants directly by ESI-MS/MS. Thirteen major compounds, including 10 flavonoids and 3 coumarins were easily rapidly identified. The third chapter consists of three parts. In the first part, we proposed a comparative high quality-control standard for S. laniceps, based on quality detection by TLC and quantity analysis by HPLC using two major compounds (umbelliferone and scopoletin) as standard compounds. In the second part, in viewing S. laniceps, S. tridactyla and S. gossypiphora as the members of one family of medicinal herbs, we suggested a quality-control standard based on the TLC detection of the two major compounds (umbelliferone and scopoletin). In the last part, we proposed a quality-control standard for S. medusa based on the TLC detection of its major component (apigenin 7-O-glucoside). The four chapter analyzed the chemical constituents of essential oil of eight Saussurea species. The essential oils were extracted from the whole plants of these samples with water stream distillation. By GC-MS analysis, we identified eighty-three compounds from S. medusa, eighty-three from S. laniceps, fifty-six from S. quercifolia, thirty-four from S. aster, twenty-one from S. kingii, twenty from S. simpsoniana, twenty-four from S. gossypiphora, and twenty from S. tridactyla respetively, which accounted for 70.7%, 76.0%, 82.2%, 55.4%, 49.7%, 70.4 %, 76.2% and 76.7% of the total essential oil, respectively. The last chapter reviews the research progress of the Genus Saussurea.
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本论文由三章组成。第一章为综述,概述了植物中环烯醚萜类化合物的研究进展;第二和第三章为实验论文,分别报道了唇形科药用植物绵参和蔷薇科药用植物地榆的化学成分研究。 第一章概述了植物中环烯醚萜类化合物的研究成果,主要包括结构类型及药理活性等方面。 第二章包括两个部分。第一部分报道了藏药绵参(Eriophyton wallichii Benth)地上部分甲醇提取物的化学成分。采用正、反相硅胶柱层析等各种分离方法,从中共分离出7个化合物,有6个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到,分别为β-谷甾醇(1),夏至草苦素(marrubiin,2),乌苏酸(3),cimigoside(4),5-deoxyantirrhinoside(5),8-表马钱子酸葡萄糖苷(8-epiloganic acid,6)和apigenin 7-(6''-p-coumaroyl)glucoside(7)。第二部分,采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对绵参地上部分的甲醇提取物进行了分析,通过标准品对照紫、外光谱分析以及多级质谱分析与文献对照鉴定了8个成分,分别是:8-epiloganic acid(Ⅰ),quercitrin 3-glucoside-7-(6''-p-coumaroyl)glucoside(Ⅱ),ajugoside(I) (Ⅲ),chrysoeriol 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-3-O-b-D-glucoside(Ⅳ),helichrysoside(Ⅴ),生物碱(Ⅵ),apigenin 2,3-dihydrogen-7-(6''-p-coumaroyl) glucoside(Ⅶ),apigenin 7-(6''-p-coumaroyl) glucoside(Ⅷ)。 第三章报道了中药地榆根部乙醇提取物正丁醇相的化学成分,通过正、反相硅胶柱层析等各种分离方法,从中分离得到8个化合物,分别为3,4¢- O-二甲基逆没食子酸(8),3,3¢,4¢-O-三甲基逆没食子酸(9)和3,4¢-O-二甲基逆没食子酸-4-O-b-D-木糖苷(10),19a-羟基-3-O-(a-L-阿拉伯糖)乌苏酸-28-O-b-D-葡萄糖苷(11), 3b-[(a-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid b-D- glucopyranosyl ester(13),3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-urs-12,18(19)-dien-28-oic acid b-D-glucopyranosyl ester(14),儿茶素(15),还有一种可能是皂苷11的工作产物(12)。 This dissertation consisted of three chapters. The first chapter elaborated the progress of iridoids occurring in plants. The later two chapters respectively elaborated the chemical constituents of Eriophyton wallichii Benth. and Sanguisorba officinalis L. The first chapter is a review of the research progress of iridoids occurring in plants, which includes their structure and pharmacology. The second chapter consisted of two parts. The first part is about the chemical constituents of methanol extraction from the aerial parts of Eriophyton wallichii Benth. Seven compounds were isolated and identified. Among them, the compounds of marrubiin, ursolic acid, cimigoside, 5-deoxyantirrhinoside, 8-epiloganic acid,apigenin 7-(6''-p-coumaroyl)glucoside were firstly reported in this plant. A HPLC-MSn method was developed for rapid identification of major compounds of Eriophyton wallichii. A total of 8 peaks in the chromatograms were unequivocally determined (peaks 1, 8) or tentatively identified (peaks 2-7) based on the detailed UV and tandem mass spectra analysis. Seven components were identified as 8-epiloganic acid(Ⅰ),Quercitrin 3-glucoside-7-(6''-p-coumaroyl)glucoside(Ⅱ),ajugoside(I)(Ⅲ),Chrysoeriol 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-3-O-b-D-glucoside(Ⅳ),helichrysoside(Ⅴ),apigenin 2,3-dihydrogen-7-(6''-p-coumaroyl) glucoside(Ⅵ),apigenin 7-(6''-p-coumaroyl) glucoside(Ⅶ)。 The third chapter elaborated the chemical constituents of methanol extraction from Sanguisorba officinalis L, eight compounds were isolated from this plant by repeat column chromatography over silica gel. These compounds were identified as 3,4′-O-dimethylellagic acid, 3,3′,4′-O-trimethylellagic acid, 3,4′-O-dimethylellagic acid-4-O-b-D-xyloside, 3b-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-19a- hydroxyl-urs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-b-D-glucopyranoside, 3b-[(a-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-urs-11,13(18)-dien- 28-oic acid b-D-glucopyranosyl ester,3-O-a-L–arabinopyranosyl-urs-12,18(19) -dien-28-oic acid b-D-glucopyranosyl ester, catechin.
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本论文由三部分共四章组成。第一部分介绍丁香化学成分的研究成果,第二部分为升麻的化学成分研究,第三部分综述了环菠萝蜜烷三萜结构和活性关系的研究现状。 第一部分包括第一和第二章。第一章介绍了丁香(Eugenia caryophyllataThunb.)花蕾的化学成分和结构鉴定。采用正、反相硅胶柱层析等各种分离方法,从其乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物和正丁醇萃取物中共分离出34 个化合物,它们的结构类型分属黄酮、三萜、鞣质等。其中1 个为新的酚苷类化合物,其结构经波谱分析鉴定为2-O-(6'-O-没食子酰基)-b-D-葡萄糖基苯甲酸甲酯(24),另外还有12 个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。第二章介绍了丁香挥发油的气相色谱- 质谱联用( GC-MS )和正丁醇萃取物的高效液相色谱- 质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)分析,尝试简单快速地检测丁香挥发油及极性部分的主要化学成分的方法。 第二部分为第三章。本章介绍了传统中药升麻(Cimicifuga foetida L.)根部乙醇提取物化学成分的分离纯化和结构鉴定。通过正、反相硅胶柱层析等分离纯化方法和MS、NMR 等波谱解析技术,共分离鉴定了20 个化合物,主要为环菠萝蜜烷三萜,其中5 个新三萜化合物分别鉴定为cimicidol-3-one(38)、3'-O-乙酰基升麻苷H-1(41)、2'-O-乙酰基升麻苷H-1(42)、(3b,12b,16b)-12-乙酰氧-16,23-环氧-9,19-环羊毛甾烷-22-烯-24-酮3-O-b-D-吡喃木糖苷(44)和升麻碱(54)。新化合物54 为结构新颖的环菠萝蜜烷三萜皂苷生物碱,这是首个发现的具有环菠萝蜜烷三萜骨架的生物碱,也是从升麻属植物中发现的第一个三萜生物碱,它的结构通过多种波谱解析,特别是2D-NMR 的充分应用,并结合化学降解和反应得到证实。此外,还介绍了分离得到的一种具有明显抑制破骨细胞活性的化合物(QS29)的体外活性研究。 第三部分即第四章,综述了升麻属植物中环菠萝蜜烷三萜与其生物活性的构效关系研究现状。 This dissertation consists of three parts. In the first and the second parts, thechemical constituents from the flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata and therhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida were reported. The third part is a review on astructure-activity relationship of the cycloartane triterpenoid from Cimicifuga species. The first part is composed of two chapters. The chapter 1 is about the isolationand identification of the chemical constituents from the flower buds of E.caryophyllata. A new phenolic glucoside gallate, methyl 2-O-(6’-O-galloyl)-b-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate (24), together with thirty-three known compounds has beenisolated from the ethanol extract of the flower buds of E. caryophyllata throughrepeated column chromatography on normal and reversed phase silica gel. Thestructure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemicalevidence. Those kno wn compounds were belonged to flavone, triterpenoid, tannin andsome simple compounds. Among them, 12 compounds were isolated from the titleplant for the first time. The second chapter describes the capillary GC-MS analysis ofthe volatile components and the HPLC-MS/MS analysis of the polar constituents fromthe flower buds of E. caryophyllata, in order to detect the main constituents in thecrude extract rapidly and precisely. The third chapter is about the chemical constituents of the rhizomes C. foetida, atraditional Chinese medicine which was used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic andantipyretic agents. Our investigation of the bioactivities constituents of the rhizomesof C. foetida led to the isolation of five new cycloartane triterpenoids, which werecharacterized as cimicidol-3-one (38), 3'-O-acetyl cimicifugoside H-1 (41),2'-O-acetyl cimicifugoside H-1 (42), (3b,12b,16b)-12-acetoxy-16,23-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanost-22-ene-24-one 3-O-b-D-xylopyranoside (44) and cimicifugadine (54),along with fifteen known compounds through repeated column chromatography onnormal and reversed phase silica gel. Among them, 54 is a novel cycloartanealkaloid and first discovered as a new type alkaoid from nature. The structures ofthese compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, andcimicidol-3-one was confirmed by X-ray crystallography analysis. Moreover, onecompound exhibited strong anti-osteoporosis activity in vitro experiment. The fourth part is a review on a structure-activity relationship analysis of thecycloartane triterpenoid from Cimicifuga species.
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本论文由三部分共6 章组成。第一部分报道了余甘子、细叶草乌和土荆皮等三种药用植物的化学成分研究成果;第二部分报道了细叶草乌和土荆皮中分离得到的化合物的活性测试,以及这两种植物的质谱分析;第三部分概述了土荆皮的研究现状。第一部分包括1-3 章。在第1 章、第2 章和第3 章中分别报道了余甘子(Phyllanthus emblica L.) 、细叶草乌(Aconitum richardsonianum var.pseudosessiliflorum) 和土荆皮( pseudolarix kaempferi) 的化学成分。采用正、反相硅胶柱层析等各种分离方法,从余甘子中共分离出10 个化合物,其中1 个为新化合物,另外还有2 个为首次从该植物中分离得到。细叶草乌的化学成分研究尚未见报道,我们从该植物中共分离出15 个化合物,其中6 个为二萜生物碱,9个为非生物碱成分。从土荆皮中分离得到16 个化合物,其中8 个二萜、1 个三萜和7 个其它类型化合物,其中有4 个化合物为首次在该植物中分离得到;从土荆皮挥发油中分离鉴定出了22 个化合物,占挥发油总量的90%。第二部分包括4-5 章。第4 章报道了从细叶草乌和土荆皮中分离得到的13个化合物的药理活性研究,结果显示,展花乌头宁和土荆乙酸葡萄糖苷等表现出较高的组织蛋白酶K 抑制活性;土荆乙酸葡萄糖苷表现出较高的组织蛋白酶B抑制活性;8-去乙酰滇乌碱表现出较高的蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制活性。第5 章报道了细叶草乌和土荆皮总浸膏的质谱( ESI-MS ) 分析,研究结果表明,ESI-MS 法可以简单快速地检测这两种植物的主要成分;通过ESI-MS2 分析初步探讨了一些化合物的裂解规律,尝试质谱在其结构测定中的具体应用。第三部分为第6 章。从化学成分、药理、构效关系、主要成分的定量分析、及其合成研究等方面概述了土荆皮的研究进展。 This dissertation consists of three parts. The first part elaborate thephytochemical investigation of three medicinal plants, Phyllanthus emblica L.,Aconitum richardsonianum var. pseudosessiliflorum and pseudolarix kaempferi. Thesecond part reported the bioassay of 13 constituents from Aconitum richardsonianumvar. pseudosessiliflorum and pseudolarix kaempferi, and ESI-MS analysis of these twoplant . The third part is a review on the research progress of pseudolarix kaempferi.The first part is composed of three chapters. Chapters 1-3 focus on the isolationand identification of chemical constituents from Phyllanthus emblica L., Aconitumrichardsonianum var. pseudosessiliflorum and pseudolarix kaempferi. 10 compoundsincluding a new tannin were isolated from the fruits of Phyllanthus emblica by repeatcolumn chromatography over normal and reversed phase silica gel, 2 of them werefirstly reported in this plant. The chemical constituents of Aconitum richardsonianumvar. pseudosessiliflorum never reported before, 15 compounds including 6 diterpenealkaloids were isolated and identified from the roots of this plant. 16 compoundsincluding 8 diterpenes , 1 triterpene and 7 other compounds were isolated from the bark of pseudolarix kaempferi, among them, 4 compounds were firstly reported fromthe EtOH extracts of this plant, and 22 compounds were identified from its essentialoil, representing 90% of the total essential oil.The second part includes chapters 4 and 5. Chapter 4 reported thepharmacological activities of 13 compounds isolated from Aconitum richardsonianumvar. pseudosessiliflorum and pseudolarix kaempferi. Results demonstrated that chasmanine and pseudolaric acid B-β-D-glucoside exhibit relatively high anti-Cathepsin K activities; pseudolaric acid B-β-D-glucoside exhibits relatively highanti-Cathepsin B activity; 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine exhibits relatively high anti-PTP1Bactivity. Chapter 5 reported the ESI-MS analysis of extractions from Aconitumrichardsonianum var. pseudosessiliflorum and pseudolarix kaempferi, it was showedthat ESI-MS can be used as an useful tool in analyzing the major constituents of thesetwo plant much quick and easy, in addition, the fragmentation rules of somecompounds were discussed, in order to find some applications of ESI-MS2 method in their structure determination.The third part is a review on the research progress of pseudolarix kaempferi,including the chemical constituents, pharmacology, structure-activity relationship(SAP), quantitative analysis and synthesis of the major constituents.
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小麦加工品质改良已成为我国小麦育种的主要目标之一。特别是我国加入WTO以后,对小麦产品的质量提出了更高的要求,小麦品质改良的任务将更加艰巨和重要,小麦胚乳蛋白是影响小麦加工品质性状的重要因素。因此,深入了解小麦胚乳蛋白对加工品质性状的影响及其分子基础,为品质改良提供理论依据和科学指导,对加速我国小麦品质育种和优质小麦生产具有重要意义。本研究选用在麦谷蛋白5个基因位点(Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1、Glu-B3和Glu-D3)上均含不同等位基因的小麦品种99G45和京771及Pm97034和京771杂交F9代共164个麦谷蛋白纯合系,及228个中国推广普通小麦品种和高代育成品系为试材,研究了麦谷蛋白Glu-1和Glu-3位点基因等位变异对籽粒蛋白、湿面筋含量、Zeleny沉降值和SDS沉降值间的关系;本研究还利用小麦A、B和D基因组中低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)基因特异引物,通过PCR方法克隆了1个Glu-A3位点和3个Glu-B3位点LMW-GS基因片段,在此基础上分析了不同等位基因对品质造成差异的分子基础;另外,本研究对中国近年推广的部分品种和育成的高代品系资源的多样性进行了分析。现将主要研究结果简述如下: 1. 对来自三个麦区的148份材料的醇溶蛋白组成进行了分析,结果表明,各麦区醇溶蛋白模式具有较大差异。在ω区,A7、B、E、F、G、J、P、Q、S和U仅存在于西南秋播麦区;A3、M、N、R、W和X仅存在于黄淮特种麦区;K仅存在于北方冬麦区;A6是北方冬麦区出现频率最高的带型模式,而西南秋播麦区中D出现的频率最高。ω-区的E、H和M几种模式是以前国内外未曾报道的。且初步确定,这些模式对品质性状具有正效应。至于γ区,A、B、D、E和F在各区均有出现,其中B和E在各区出现的频率都很高,在26.1-39.6%之间。相反,H 仅出现在黄淮特种麦区,J仅限于西南秋播麦区。对于β-区醇溶蛋白,B型模式在所有区中都相当高,而模式A仅存在于第三区.对于α-区,模式A在Ⅲ区而模式D在Ⅱ区出现的频率很高。1BL.1RS易位系在中国小麦品种中出现频率高达41.2%,在I, II和Ⅲ麦区的出现频率分别为 45.5、43.5和35.2%。各生态区模式的差异可能是品种适应不同生态条件和人为选择的结果,但这有待进一步证明。由于醇溶蛋白位点(Gli-1)与LMW-GS位点(Glu-3)紧密连锁,本结果可为下面确定普通小麦LMW-GS等位基因变异所用。 2. 利用Gli-1与Glu-3的紧密连锁,以228个小麦品种/系为材料,首次对中国小麦品种麦谷蛋白亚基的6个位点进行综合分析,研究小麦籽粒蛋白与品质性状间的关系,结果表明6个高分子量(HMW)和低分子量(LMW)麦谷蛋白位点对蛋白质含量的效应大小为,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1> Glu-A3=Glu-D3;对GMP含量的效应大小为, Glu-A3>Glu-B3>Glu-D1> Glu-B1>Glu-A1>Glu-D3;对湿面筋含量的效应大小为, Glu-B1>Glu-B3= Glu-D3>Glu-A3>Glu-A1>Glu-D1;对Zeleny沉降值的效应大小为, Glu-A1> Glu-B3>Glu-D3>Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A3;对SDS沉降值的效应大小为, Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-D1=Glu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1。对蛋白含量而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、17+18、5+10、Glu-A3e、Glu-B3g、Glu-D3b;对湿面筋含量而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、6+8、5+10、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3c、Glu-D3b;对Zeleny沉降值而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为N、17+18、5+10、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3d、Glu-D3b;对SDS沉降值而言,各位点的最佳组合方式为1、7+8、2.2+12、Glu-A3b、Glu-B3g、Glu-D3b。另外,分析了稀有亚基对5+12与2.2+12与品质性状的关系,认为5+12对品质有负效应,2.2+12对品质有正效应。在品质育种时,应对优异组合或优异亚基加以利用。 3. 首次利用重组自交系(RILs)为材料,研究麦谷蛋白亚基表达量与品质性状的关系,通过对重组自交系中各HMW-GS表达量的分析,认为,就单个亚基的表达量而言,7亚基最高;其次为2亚基、5亚基、12亚基和10亚基;亚基9和1的表达量最小;N亚基不表达。对成对出现的亚基对而言,x型和y型亚基的总表达量2+12>5+10>7+9>17+18。就单个亚基与品质性状的关系而言,仅有10亚基的表达量与蛋白含量的相关性达5%的显著水平,2亚基的表达量与湿面筋含量呈负相关,显著水平也达5%,其余单个亚基对品质性状均无显著影响;就x型/y型亚基的比例来看,2/12和5/10对湿面筋含量都有显著的负效应;对某一位点等位基因控制的亚基表达总量来看,2+12对SDS沉降值有显著负效应。另外,本研究得出:2+12的亚基对的负效应主要体现在2亚基上,且在同一位点上,x型亚基的表达量大于y型。所以推导稀有亚基组合2+10很可能也是劣质亚基。 4. 以 Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1、Glu-B3和Glu-D3作为5个因素对99G45/京771和Pm97034/京771杂交后代的蛋白质含量和SDS沉降值进行多因素方差分析。结果表明,Glu-A1和Glu-D3对蛋白含量的加性效应达5%显著水平;Glu-D1 * Glu-D3对蛋白质含量的互作效应也达5%显著水平;其余位点的加性和互作效应对蛋白质含量的影响均不显著。对SDS 沉降值而言,Glu-D1的加性效应最大,贡献率为4.2 % ,达1 %显著水平,其次是Glu-B1位点,贡献率为3.3% ,达5%显著水平。其余位点对SDS 沉降值的加性和互作效应均未达5%显著水平。总体而言, 各位点对蛋白含量的效应大小为Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3;对SDS沉降值的效应大小为Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1> Glu-B3。Glu-D1和Glu-D3位点上等位基因变异对蛋白含量有显著或极显著影响,含Glu-D1d和Glu-D3 GD、Glu-D3 JD基因的株系分别比含Glu-D1a和Glu-D3 PD基因的株系有较高的蛋白含量;在该遗传背景下,麦谷蛋白各基因位点对蛋白含量的效应大小依次排列为:Glu-A1位点1>N;Glu-B1位点7+9>17+18>14+15;Glu-D1位点5+10>2+12;Glu-B3位点GB>JB>PB;Glu-D3位点GB>JB>PB。对SDS沉降值的效应大小依次排列为:Glu-A1位点1>N;Glu-B1位点7+9=17+18>14+15;Glu-D1位点5+10>2+12;Glu-B3位点GB>JB>PB;Glu-D3位点GB>JB>PB。所以,对蛋白含量和SDS沉降值均较好的组合为1,7+9,5+10,GB,GD。 5. 因为GB和PB对品质的效应有显著差异,选取LMW-GS位点特异扩增引物对京771、99G45和Pm97034的Glu-B3位点进行扩增,结果得到三个不一样的扩增片段(Genebank号为DQ539657-DQ539659),得到的基因片段与Genebank中已报道的同类序列高度同源。通过克隆片段组成的分析,发现对Pm97034的序列较京771和99G45段少一个7氨基酸的重复单元,这可能是它较另外两个片段对面筋强度影响小的主要原因;另外,在99G45的序列中,124位处出现L(亮氨酸)代替P(脯氨酸),158位处出现了T(苏氨酸)代换M(蛋氨酸),这可能是99G45Glu-B3位点序列对SDS沉降值的效应显著优于Pm97034的原因。 6.通过对RILs各位点同普通小麦品种(系)各位点与品质关系的比较,发现对SDS沉降值的效应,各位点在不同研究材料中是不同的,普通小麦中:Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-D1=Glu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1,RILs中:Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1> Glu-B3。利用重组自交系材料(完全排除了1BL/1RS易位干扰)所得到的结果与Gupta and MacRitchie (1994)所得结论一致。进一步证实了1BL/1RS易位对小麦品质的重要影响。对蛋白含量而言,普通小麦品种(系)中,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1> Glu-A3=Glu-D3,RILs中,Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3,和对SDS沉降值的效应一样,推断在非1BL/1RS易位的情况下,各位点对其效应应为Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3。 对同一位点的等位基因而言,普通小麦和重组自交系中Glu-A1和Glu-D1上的等位基因对品质性状的贡献是一致的,但Glu-B1上的等位基因对SDS沉降值的贡献发生了变化,普通小麦中17+18>7+9,RILs中7+9>17+18,这可能也是1BL/1RS造成的。 Baking quality improved is one of the main object of wheat bread in China. The overall objective of the present studies was to increase the understanding about protein quality in wheat, i.e. to make it possible to improve the production of wheat with desired quality for different end-uses. With the analysis of gluten protein in RILs, 99G45/Jing 771 and Pm97034/Jing, and 228 wheat cultivars or lines in China, the correlations between glutenin compositions and protein content, glutenin macropolymer(GMP), wet gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation value and SDS sedimentation value contentand breadmaking quality were studied. Also a rapid and efficient detection method of geneticpolymorphism at Glu-B3 loci in wheat was established using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The results obtained were as follows: 1. Cultivated Chinese wheat germplasm has been a valuable genetic resource in international plant breeding. Patterns of gliadin among cultivated Chinese accessions are unknown, despite the proven value and potential novelty. The objective of this work was to analyse the diversity within improved Chinese wheat germplasm. The electrophoretic banding patterns of gliadin in common wheat cultivars and advanced lines were determined by acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. For 148 leading commercial cultivars and promising advanced lines used in our study, 48 patterns were identified, 29 corresponding to ω-gliadin, 9 to γ-gliadin, 5 to β-gliadin and 5 to α-gliadin. The most frequent patterns were A6 in ω; B in γ; B in β and A in the region of α. 116 band types appeared in the148 samples: 94 accessions had unique gliadin types, and 22 gliadin types while not unique were found in 54 accessions. The gliadin patterns of Chinese wheat cultivars and lines greatly differed from the patterns of wheat lines from other countries. Three patterns, E, J, H, M, N and O in the ω-zone had not previously been reported. Three wheat zones,the Northern Winter Wheat Region, the Yellow and Huai Valley River valleys Winter Wheat Region and the Southwestern Winter Wheat Region,in China showed different frequencies in their gliadin patterns. This information can be used to monitor genetic diversity with Chinese wheat germplasm. 2. To analyse the relationship between the loci and characteristics quality, we utilized the 228 cultivars/lines. The results showed that : For protein content, Glu-D1 >Glu-B3>Glu-A1=Glu-B1>Glu-A3=Glu-D3. For GMP content, Glu-A3>Glu-B3 >Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A1>Glu-D3. For wet gluten content, Glu-B1>Glu-B3= Glu-D3>Glu-A3>Glu-A1>Glu-D1. For Zeleny sedimentation value, Glu-A1>Glu-B3> Glu-D3>Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-A3, For SDS sedimentation value, Glu-B3>Glu-A1= Glu-D1= lu-A3>Glu-D3>Glu-B1。For protein content, the best combination of 6 loci is (1,17+18,5+10,Glu-A3e, Glu-B3g,Glu-D3b). For wet gluten content, the best combination of 6 loci is (1,6+8,5+10,Glu-A3d,Glu-B3c,Glu-D3b). For Zeleny sedimentation value, the best combination of 6 loci is (N,17+18,5+10,Glu-A3d, Glu-B3d, Glu-D3b). For SDS sedimentation value, the best combination of 6 loci is(7+8,2.2+12,Glu-A3b, Glu-B3g,Glu-D3b)。Additional, we analysed the relationship between the subunits 5+12 and 2.2+12, think that 5+12 was negative for quality, 2.2+12 is postive for quality. It should be effective utilized. 3. It’s the first time to utilize RILs to study the relationship between subunits expression quantity and characteristics quality. The results showed that: For single subunit, the expression quantity of 7 is the highest. Then the 2, 5, 12 and 10. The expression of subunit 9 and 1 is the lowest. Subunit N is not expressed. For subunits, the expression quantity of x type and y type are 2+12>5+10>7+9>17+18. The significant relation of 5% only showed between the expression quantity of subunit 10 and protein content. The relationship between expression quantity of others and characteristic quality was not significant. For x type/ytype, 2/12 and 5/10 is negative relation insignificant level. For the subunit(s) in a loci, Only 2+12 effect SDS sedimentation value negative in significant level. 4. With RILs 99G45/Jing 771 and Pm97034/Jing 771, we found that: The effective of Glu-A1, Glu-D3 and Glu-D1 * Glu-D3 for protein content is significant at 5% level. The effect of other loci for protein wre not significant. For SDS sedimentation value, the effect of Glu-D1is the highest, which contribution is 4.2 % .Then the Glu-B1, contribution is 3.3%. The effect of other loci for SDS sedimentationvalue were not significant. In total, for protein content: Glu-D3 > Glu-A1 > Glu-D1>Glu-B1>Glu-B3; for SDS sedimentationvalue: Glu-D1>Glu-B1> Glu-D3>Glu-A1>Glu-B3. The effect of alleles in Glu-D1 and Glu-D3 loci are significant at 1% or 5%. In Glu-A1, 1>N; Glu-B1, 7+9>17+18>14+15; Glu-D, 5+10>2+12; Glu-B3, GB>JB>PB; Glu-D3, GB>JB>PB. For SDS sedimentation, Glu-A1, 1>N; Glu-B1, 7+9=17+18>14+15; Glu-D1, 5+10>2+12; Glu-B3, GB>JB>PB; Glu-D3, GB>JB>PB. The best combinations for SDS sedimentation value is 1,7+9,5+10,GB,GD. 5. Because of the difference of GB and PB for SDS sedimentation value, we selected the specific primer for LMW-GS loci to amplified the Glu-B3 of Jing771, 99G45and Pm97034. We got 3 amplify fragment (Gene Bank accession number are DQ539657-DQ539659). We found that the fragment of Pm97034 were deleted a repetitive 7 amino acid domain, which is perhaps the reason effect the gluten strength. Furthermore, in the position 124 of sequence 99G45, L has been replaced with P. Position 158, T replaced M, which may be the reason why the Glu-B3 locus of 99G45 is prefer to Pm97034 when refer to SDS sedimentation value. 6. Comparing the results of RILs and common wheat, we found that perhaps just the1BL/1RS made the difference of loci in different accession.