Synthesis and structures of morphology-controlled ZnO nano- and microcrystals

Zinc oxide flower-like bunches were directly synthesized on indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates through a simple chemical bath deposition process. By adjusting precursor concentration, other morphologies ( spindles and rods) were also obtained. All of them are hexagonal and single crystalline in nature and grow along the [ 0001] crystallographic direction. The possible growth mechanisms for these nano- and microcrystals were proposed. It was revealed that both the inherent highly anisotropic structure of ZnO and the precursor concentration play crucial roles in determining final morphologies of the products. In addition, vibrational properties of ZnO crystals with different morphologies were investigated by Raman spectroscopy.

Nitrogen vacancy scattering in n-GaN grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy

Electron mobility limited by nitrogen vacancy scattering was taken into account to evaluate the quality of n-type GaN grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The nitrogen vacancy scattering potential used for our mobility calculation has to satisfy two requirements: such potential is (1) spatially short range, and (2) finite and not divergent at the vacancy core. A square-well potential was adopted to calculate the mobility, because it satisfies not only these two requirements, but also simplifies the calculation. As a result, the estimated mobility shows a T-1/2 temperature dependence, and is very sensitive to the potential well width. After introducing the nitrogen vacancy scattering, we obtained the best fitting between the calculated and experimental results for our high quality sample, and it was found that the measured mobility is dominated by ion impurity and dislocation scatterings at the low temperatures, but dominated by optical phonon and nitrogen vacancy scatterings at the high temperatures. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)04112-7].

FET ACTIVE SLOTLINE NOTCH ANTENNAS FOR QUASI-OPTICAL POWER COMBINING

A new active antenna structure with applications in quasi-optical power combining is described. The active antenna combines a slotline FET oscillator with a notch antenna. The new structure was successfully used to create both E-plane and H-plane linear arrays as well as a 2-D array. Preliminary results of radiation patterns and the power combining efficiencies of the arrays are discussed.

Cu导线表面起伏程度对早期失效的影响

使用两种化学机械抛光剂得到的单层大马士革Cu导线表面起伏程度不同．扫描电镜观察到明显的缺陷出现在大起伏的Cu导线表面．这种表面缺陷导致早期失效比率剧增至几乎100％、电迁移寿命猛降至早期失效的量级、失效时间分布从多模变为单模，其相应的失效机制激活能为0．744-0．02eV，这说明失效主要是由Cu原子沿导线表面扩散引起的．最弱链接近似被用来分析单根Cu导线

长白山地区散射辐射与云的关系

根据中国科学院长白山森林生态系统定位站1982—2001年太阳辐射和云的观测资料对散射辐射及散射比进行了分析,探讨了散射辐射及散射比的日、季节、年际变化特征以及云量、云状、太阳高度角与散射辐射及散射比的关系。结果表明:1)散射辐射日变化特点是,中午最大,早晚较小;季节变化特点是,7月最大,年初和年末较小;年际变化特点是从1982—2001年呈减少趋势;散射比1d中中午最小,7月达到最大值,年际变化为0.38～0.55;2)散射辐射及散射比均随高云量或低云量增加而呈增加趋势;散射辐射日平均量及散射比与总云量和低云量的日平均值均呈线性正相关关系,且与总云量的关系比与低云量的关系更密切;3)不同云相比较,散射辐射和散射比最大的是高积云(Ac),卷云(Ci)次之,较小为对流性积云(积雨云Cb、积云Cu),碧空时散射辐射及散射比最小;4)散射辐射随太阳高度角增加而增大,呈二次函数关系;散射比随太阳高度角增加而减小且呈二次函数关系。

稠油污染土壤的生物修复应用研究

目的研究微生物-植物联合对稠油污染土壤的修复效果,为石油污染土壤生物修复技术的应用提供依据.方法将高效降解菌B2020以及B22发酵产生的生物表面活性剂加入稠油污染土壤,再施用复合肥和柴油补充土壤中的营养物质和代谢底物,分析微生物-植物联合修复的效果.结果试验结果表明,降解效果最好的组合为,处理时间为120 d,菌剂(每kg土中)投加量为50 g,生物表面活性剂(每kg土中)投加量为100 g,复合肥(每kg土中)投加量为0.1 g.结论在植物生长初期(40 d),影响石油污染土壤总石油烃(TPH)降解的显著因子为投加菌剂量;植物生长中期和后期(80 d,120 d),影响TPH降解率的因子为生物表面活性剂和施肥水平.