Trashumancia “media”, entre las sierras interiores y la costa guipuzcoanas, ¿desde tiempo inmemorial?

[ES] Este artículo pretende analizar la evolución de las prácticas trashumantes en el País Vasco

Los robles trasmochos guiados o ipinabarros: Una apuesta sostenible de futuro para una técnica forestal olvidada

Congreso de Historia Forestal. III Reunión del Grupo de Trabajo de Historia Forestal de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales (S.E.C.F.)(Toledo, 2008).

Tráfico en Tiempo Real

El desarrollo de este proyecto tiene como objetivo integrar en la plataforma Geoservicios información relacionada con el tráfico, obtenida del distribuidor TomTom. Para ello se creará un API en Java sobre dicha plataforma, en la cual se utilizarán y almacenarán los datos de tráfico obtenidos, para la visualización de la información en cualquier tipo de mapa. Junto con la visualización en tiempo real, también se desea guardar un histórico de toda esa información para su posterior análisis. Este servicio está pensado para poder integrarse en diferentes tipos de aplicaciones. La demostración se hará sobre un visor web de mapas, pero también se puede integrar en aplicaciones de escritorio o en aplicaciones para smartphones.

Reflexiones sobre la puesta en valor del Monasterio de San Prudencio de Monte Laturce

[ES] Los datos de este registro provienen de la una actividad académica que también aparece descrita en el repositorio y desde donde se puede acceder a otros trabajos relacionados con el Monasterio:

Empresa con esplendor en declive

Nivel educativo: Grado. Duración (en horas): De 21 a 30 horas

Gestión de Recursos Humanos en empresas cooperativas

En este trabajo se analizan las políticas de recursos humanos de una cooperativa y los resultados de dichas políticas en los socios cooperativistas y en los trabajadores por cuenta ajena. Al mismo tiempo, intenta analizar las relaciones de la satisfacción. La información procede de una encuesta de satisfacción y una encuesta de cultura organizativa. Los resultados evidencian las diferencias de la satisfacción laboral de los empleados de distinto tipo de contrato. En el caso de esta empresa, los trabajadores por cuenta ajena se muestran más satisfechos que los trabajadores socios en todas las palancas menos en la de seguridad en el empleo y futuro. A su vez, se concluye que la participación en la propiedad no siempre trae consigo una mayor satisfacción. Otro de los resultados del análisis, es que la participación en la toma de decisiones está positivamente relacionada con la satisfacción laboral. En cambio, no se aprecia una relación positiva entre la satisfacción y los resultados de la organización.

Mercados financieros: análisis técnico

Sin tener conocimiento alguno de cual sería nuestro futuro en un mercado tan castigado por la crisis, comenzamos la carrera universitaria y lo hicimos apostando porque la situación mejoraría con el paso del tiempo y aspirando a poder mejorarla nosotros mismos. A día de hoy, siguen produciéndose consecuencias en todos los ámbitos de la vida socio-económica mundial a causa de la gran crisis de 2007. Una crisis que estalló debido en gran parte a la especulación de valores y productos financieros en las bolsas más importantes del mundo. En este trabajo se manejarán conceptos básicos e importantes sobre los mercados bursátiles, con el fin de explicar el funcionamiento de éstos identificando algunas claves y mecanismos que ayudarán a la hora de invertir en los productos financieros que se ofertan en dichos mercados

Prólogo

Homenaje a Georges Laplace, realizado en Vitoria-Gasteiz el 13,14 y 15 de noviembre de 2012. Edición a cargo de Aitor Calvo, Aitor Sánchez, Maite García-Rojas y Mónica Alonso-Eguíluz.

Propiedades catalíticas de la lipasa B de Candida antarctica inmovilizada en soportes magnéticos. Actividad sintética en disolventes orgánicos

Este trabajo se centra en la inmovilización de la lipasa B de Candida antarctica en nanopartículas magnéticas y la posterior caracterización cinética de su actividad sintética en medios orgánicos para la pr oducción de biodiesel. La historia del biodiesel comienza en 1893, cuando Rudolph Diesel, el padre del motor diésel, puso en marcha el primer motor de este tipo. Más tarde, en 1900, Diesel ganó el Grand Prix en la Feria Mundial de París con su m otor impulsado por un biodiesel de aceite de cacahuete. En 1903, además, comenzó la producción del Modelo T de Henry Ford, diseñado para utilizar etanol como combustible. Diesel creía que la utilización de biodiesel era el futuro de la automoción: “ el uso de aceites vegetales como combustibles para motor puede parecer insignificante hoy en día, pero estos aceites puede n convertirse, con el transcurso del tiempo, en combustibles tan importantes como el petróleo y el carbón lo son hoy en día ” Sin embargo, a p artir de 1920, los fueles basados en petróleo comenzaron a ganar terreno, debido a su mayor eficiencia, menor precio y mejor disponibilidad. De esta forma, el mercado de los biofueles quedó relegado hasta que las distintas crisis del petróleo (1973, 1979, 19 90) unidas a la creciente preocupación por la polución y la c onservación del medio ambiente, además de al aumento de la población y por tanto de la demanda de combustibles , llevaron a devolve r la mirada a estos fueles . Fue en esta época cuando comenzó, p rincipalmente en EEUU y Brasil, la producción a gran escala de biocombustibles de primera generación, basados en la utilización de excedentes agrícolas como el maíz y la caña de azúcar para la producción de bioetanol y aceites de maíz y grasas animales par a la producción de biodiesel .

Del boceto al objeto a través del BIT en la obra "La materia del tiempo", de Richard Serra

423 p.

“Pildorón”: ¿El fármaco del futuro?

Duración (en horas): De 41 a 50 horas Destinatario: Estudiante y Docente

La investigación en antropología física. Una mirada al futuro

Desde su creación en 1976 la Sociedad Española de Antropología Física (SEAF) viene celebrando sus congresos bienales de forma ininterrumpida en distintas ciudades españolas. Estos encuentros, destinados a la discusión de los avances y resultados de las investigaciones bioantropológicas, suponen un foro de debate científico en el que participan investigadores de diversas áreas interesados en los estudios de Antropología Física, promoviendo la interacción entre especialistas e investigadores en formación. Asimismo, y dado el interés que esta disciplina despierta en la sociedad en general, la celebración de los Congresos de la SEAF permite mostrar las novedades acontecidas en el ámbito de la ciencia bioantropológica, facilitando la difusión del conocimiento más allá de la esfera académica. En este marco de reuniones científicas, los profesores del área de Antropología Física de la Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) han sido los encargados de organizar el XVIII Congreso de la SEAF, celebrado en Bilbao durante los días 19 a 21 de junio de 2013. Este libro recoge las ponencias y principales comunicaciones presentadas en el XVIII Congreso, seleccionadas para su publicación y agrupadas en diferentes bloques temáticos que recogen algunas de los conocimientos actuales de la investigación bioantropológica: Ecología Humana, Biología Esquelética y Antropología Forense Paleoantropología y Primatología, y Diversidad Genética Humana. Se ha pretendido mostrar algunas de las cuestiones más relevantes actualmente y la proyección futura de la investigación en Antropología biológica, encaminada tanto al cuestionamiento de paradigmas (como la preponderancia de África en la evolución humana o la existencia de una única especie humana a partir del Pleistoceno Superior, entre otros), como a la comprensión de la relación fenotipo-genotipo, entre otras cuestiones de gran importancia para la reconstrucción de la historia evolutiva de nuestra especie. Sirvan las ponencias invitadas como ejemplo del nuevo enfoque de algunas áreas de la investigación en Antropología.

Advanced Reaction Systems for Hydrogen Production

[EN] This PhD work started in March 2010 with the support of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) under the program named “Formación de Personal Investigador” at the Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. The major part of the Thesis work was carried out in the mentioned department, as a member of the Sustainable Process Engineering (SuPrEn) research group. In addition, this PhD Thesis includes the research work developed during a period of 6 months at the Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz GmbH, IMM, in Germany. During the four years of the Thesis, conventional and microreactor systems were tested for several feedstocks renewable and non-renewable, gases and liquids through several reforming processes in order to produce hydrogen. For this purpose, new catalytic formulations which showed high activity, selectivity and stability were design. As a consequence, the PhD work performed allowed the publication of seven scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals. This PhD Thesis is divided into the following six chapters described below. The opportunity of this work is established on the basis of the transition period needed for moving from a petroleum based energy system to a renewable based new one. Consequently, the present global energy scenario was detailed in Chapter 1, and the role of hydrogen as a real alternative in the future energy system was justified based on several outlooks. Therefore, renewable and non-renewable hydrogen production routes were presented, explaining the corresponding benefits and drawbacks. Then, the raw materials used in this Thesis work were described and the most important issues regarding the processes and the characteristics of the catalytic formulations were explained. The introduction chapter finishes by introducing the concepts of decentralized production and process intensification with the use of microreactors. In addition, a small description of these innovative reaction systems and the benefits that entailed their use were also mentioned. In Chapter 2 the main objectives of this Thesis work are summarized. The development of advanced reaction systems for hydrogen rich mixtures production is the main objective. In addition, the use and comparison between two different reaction systems, (fixed bed reactor (FBR) and microreactor), the processing of renewable raw materials, the development of new, active, selective and stable catalytic formulations, and the optimization of the operating conditions were also established as additional partial objectives. Methane and natural gas (NG) steam reforming experimental results obtained when operated with microreactor and FBR systems are presented in Chapter 3. For these experiments nickel-based (Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/MgO) and noble metal-based (Pd/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3) catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation and their catalytic activity was measured at several temperatures, from 973 to 1073 K, different S/C ratios, from 1.0 to 2.0, and atmospheric pressure. The Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) was maintained constant in order to compare the catalytic activity in both reaction systems. The results obtained showed a better performance of the catalysts operating in microreactors. The Ni/MgO catalyst reached the highest hydrogen production yield at 1073 K and steam-to-carbon ratio (S/C) of 1.5 under Steam methane Reforming (SMR) conditions. In addition, this catalyst also showed good activity and stability under NG reforming at S/C=1.0 and 2.0. The Ni/Al2O3 catalyst also showed high activity and good stability and it was the catalyst reaching the highest methane conversion (72.9 %) and H2out/CH4in ratio (2.4) under SMR conditions at 1073 K and S/C=1.0. However, this catalyst suffered from deactivation when it was tested under NG reforming conditions. Regarding the activity measurements carried out with the noble metal-based catalysts in the microreactor systems, they suffered a very quick deactivation, probably because of the effects attributed to carbon deposition, which was detected by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). When the FBR was used no catalytic activity was measured with the catalysts under investigation, probably because they were operated at the same WHSV than the microreactors and these WHSVs were too high for FBR system. In Chapter 4 biogas reforming processes were studied. This chapter starts with an introduction explaining the properties of the biogas and the main production routes. Then, the experimental procedure carried out is detailed giving concrete information about the experimental set-up, defining the parameters measured, specifying the characteristics of the reactors used and describing the characterization techniques utilized. Each following section describes the results obtained from activity testing with the different catalysts prepared, which is subsequently summarized: Section 4.3: Biogas reforming processes using γ-Al2O3 based catalysts The activity results obtained by several Ni-based catalysts and a bimetallic Rh-Ni catalyst supported on magnesia or alumina modified with oxides like CeO2 and ZrO2 are presented in this section. In addition, an alumina-based commercial catalyst was tested in order to compare the activity results measured. Four different biogas reforming processes were studied using a FBR: dry reforming (DR), biogas steam reforming (BSR), biogas oxidative reforming (BOR) and tri-reforming (TR). For the BSR process different steam to carbon ratios (S/C) from 1.0 to 3.0, were tested. In the case of BOR process the oxygen-to-methane (O2/CH4) ratio was varied from 0.125 to 0.50. Finally, for TR processes different S/C ratios from 1.0 to 3.0, and O2/CH4 ratios of 0.25 and 0.50 were studied. Then, the catalysts which achieved high activity and stability were impregnated in a microreactor to explore the viability of process intensification. The operation with microreactors was carried out under the best experimental conditions measured in the FBR. In addition, the physicochemical characterization of the fresh and spent catalysts was carried out by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), N2 physisorption, H2 chemisorption, Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), SEM, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD). Operating with the FBR, conversions close to the ones predicted by thermodynamic calculations were obtained by most of the catalysts tested. The Rh-Ni/Ce-Al2O3 catalyst obtained the highest hydrogen production yield in DR. In BSR process, the Ni/Ce-Al2O3 catalyst achieved the best activity results operating at S/C=1.0. In the case of BOR process, the Ni/Ce-Zr-Al2O3 catalyst showed the highest reactants conversion values operating at O2/CH4=0.25. Finally, in the TR process the Rh-Ni/Ce-Al2O3 catalyst obtained the best results operating at S/C=1.0 and O2/CH4=0.25. Therefore, these three catalysts were selected to be coated onto microchannels in order to test its performance under BOR and TR processes conditions. Although the operation using microreactors was carried out under considerably higher WHSV, similar conversions and yields as the ones measured in FBR were measured. Furthermore, attending to other measurements like Turnover Frequency (TOF) and Hydrogen Productivity (PROD), the values calculated for the catalysts tested in microreactors were one order of magnitude higher. Thus, due to the low dispersion degree measured by H2-chemisorption, the Ni/Ce-Al2O3 catalyst reached the highest TOF and PROD values. Section 4.4: Biogas reforming processes using Zeolites L based catalysts In this section three type of L zeolites, with different morphology and size, were synthesized and used as catalyst support. Then, for each type of L zeolite three nickel monometallic and their homologous Rh-Ni bimetallic catalysts were prepared by the wetness impregnation method. These catalysts were tested using the FBR under DR process and different conditions of BSR (S/C ratio of 1.0 and 2.0), BOR (O2/CH4 ratio of 0.25 and 0.50) and TR processes (at S/C=1.0 and O2/CH4=0.25). The characterization of these catalysts was also carried out by using the same techniques mentioned in the previous section. Very high methane and carbon dioxide conversion values were measured for almost all the catalysts under investigation. The experimental results evidenced the better catalytic behavior of the bimetallic catalysts as compared to the monometallic ones. Comparing the catalysts behavior with regards to their morphology, for the BSR process the Disc catalysts were the most active ones at the lowest S/C ratio tested. On the contrary, the Cylindrical (30–60 nm) catalysts were more active under BOR conditions at O2/CH4=0.25 and TR processes. By the contrary, the Cylindrical (1–3 µm) catalysts showed the worst activity results for both processes. Section 4.5: Biogas reforming processes using Na+ and Cs+ doped Zeolites LTL based catalysts A method for the synthesis of Linde Type L (LTL) zeolite under microwave-assisted hydrothermal conditions and its behavior as a support for heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogen production is described in this section. Then, rhodium and nickel-based bimetallic catalysts were prepared in order to be tested by DR process and BOR process at O2/CH4=0.25. Moreover, the characterization of the catalysts under investigation was also carried out. Higher activities were achieved by the catalysts prepared from the non-doped zeolites, Rh-Ni/D and Rh-Ni/N, as compared to the ones supported on Na+ and Cs+ exchanged supports. However, the differences between them were not very significant. In addition, the Na+ and Cs+ incorporation affected mainly to the Disc catalysts. Comparing the results obtained by these catalysts with the ones studied in the section 4.4, in general worst results were achieved under DR conditions and almost the same results when operated under BOR conditions. In Chapter 5 the ethylene glycol (EG) as feed for syngas production by steam reforming (SR) and oxidative steam reforming (OSR) was studied by using microchannel reactors. The product composition was determined at a S/C of 4.0, reaction temperatures between 625°C and 725°C, atmospheric pressure and Volume Hourly Space Velocities (VHSV) between 100 and 300 NL/(gcath). This work was divided in two sections. The first one corresponds to the introduction of the main and most promising EG production routes. Then, the new experimental procedure is detailed and the information about the experimental set-up and the measured parameters is described. The characterization was carried out using the same techniques as for the previous chapter. Then, the next sections correspond to the catalytic activity and catalysts characterization results. Section 5.3: xRh-cm and xRh-np catalysts for ethylene glycol reforming Initially, catalysts with different rhodium loading, from 1.0 to 5.0 wt. %, and supported on α-Al2O3 were prepared by two different preparation methods (conventional impregnation and separate nanoparticle synthesis). Then, the catalysts were compared regarding their measured activity and selectivity, as well as the characterization results obtained before and after the activity tests carried out. The samples prepared by a conventional impregnation method showed generally higher activity compared to catalysts prepared from Rh nanoparticles. By-product formation of species such as acetaldehyde, ethane and ethylene was detected, regardless if oxygen was added to the feed or not. Among the catalysts tested, the 2.5Rh-cm catalyst was considered the best one. Section 5.4: 2.5Rh-cm catalyst support modification with CeO2 and La2O3 In this part of the Chapter 5, the catalyst showing the best performance in the previous section, the 2.5Rh-Al2O3 catalyst, was selected in order to be improved. Therefore, new Rh based catalysts were designed using α-Al2O3 and being modified this support with different contents of CeO2 or La2O3 oxides. All the catalysts containing additives showed complete conversion and selectivities close to the equilibrium in both SR and OSR processes. In addition, for these catalysts the concentrations measured for the C2H4, CH4, CH3CHO and C2H6 by-products were very low. Finally, the 2.5Rh-20Ce catalyst was selected according to its catalytic activity and characterization results in order to run a stability test, which lasted more than 115 hours under stable operation. The last chapter, Chapter 6, summarizes the main conclusions achieved throughout this Thesis work. Although very high reactant conversions and rich hydrogen mixtures were obtained using a fixed bed reaction system, the use of microreactors improves the key issues, heat and mass transfer limitations, through which the reforming reactions are intensified. Therefore, they seem to be a very interesting and promising alternative for process intensification and decentralized production for remote application.

Solutions for New Terrestrial Broadcasting Systems Offering Simultaneously Stationary and Mobile Services

221 p.

Tiempo de Shakespeare: Vuelta de tuerca a la traducción de sus sonetos

Editoras Rosa Rabadán; Trinidad Guzmán; Marisa Fernández.