Intervenção psicomotora em saúde mental em contexto hospitalar : Centro Hospitalar Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, EPE

O presente relatório descreve as atividades de estágio desenvolvidas no âmbito do Mestrado em Reabilitação Psicomotora, Ramo de Aprofundamento de Competências Profissionais, da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, realizado no Centro Hospitalar Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, EPE. O estágio profissionalizante desenvolveu-se em 3 áreas, o Internamento de Agudos, a Psiquiatria e a Psiquiatria da Infância e Adolescência existindo avaliações psicomotoras, bem como intervenções com crianças, adolescentes e adultos, na área da saúde mental. O relatório expõe dois estudos-caso, demonstrando o trabalho desenvolvido, somando um enquadramento teórico, legal e institucional atual, bem como uma reflexão acerca da experiência de estágio. O primeiro estudo-caso remete para uma utente com Doença de Coreia de Huntington e o segundo estudo-caso refere-se a uma criança com atraso global do desenvolvimento psicomotor. Para cada estudo-caso é descrito todo o processo de avaliação, objetivos, programa terapêutico, resultados e conclusões. Da mencionada intervenção foi possível verificar melhorias, tanto a nível psicomotor, como cognitivo e sócio-emocional, demonstrando a importância da terapia psicomotora no contexto de saúde mental. As intervenções delineadas são elaboradas em equipa multidisciplinar para uma melhor compreensão do indivíduo. No final é realizado uma crítica a todos os níveis.

Effects of a resistance and stretching training program on forward head and protracted shoulder posture in physical education classes in students aged 15-17 years old

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the postural alignment of the head and shoulder in the sagittal plane of Portuguese adolescents, 15-17 years old, and to evaluate the effects of a 32-week resistance and stretching training program applied in Physical Education classes on forward head posture and protracted shoulder posture of Portuguese adolescents. After 32-training weeks the detraining effects after a 16-week period were measured. Methods: This randomized and controlled study was conducted in two secondary schools in Portugal for 48 weeks. Prior the study 275 students aged 15-17 years old were evaluated. Sagittal head, cervical and shoulder angle were measured with photogrammetry and Postural Analysis Software. After this assessment 130 adolescents were considered to have forward head and protracted shoulder posture and were randomly assigned to a control group, an experimental group one or experimental group two. The control group (n=46) only did the Physical Education classes whereas the intervention group one (n=42) and two (n=42) performed a 16-week and 32-week stretching and strengthening program in addition to Physical Education classes, respectively. The postural angles were measured before and after the 16-week and 32-week time intervention period for the three groups and after a 16-week detraining period following the 32-week in intervention group two. Results: 68% of the adolescents studied revealed anteriorization of the head whereas 58% of them had protraction of the shoulder. Significant increases were observed in the cervical and shoulder angle in the experimental group (n=84) following the 16-week and in experimental group two (n=42)after the 32 week-intervention period. After the 16-week detraining period no significant differences were observed in the three postural angles in the intervention group two. Conclusions: Forward head and protracted shoulder are common postural disorders in Portuguese adolescents. The exercise intervention was successful ate decreasing forward head and protracted shoulder in adolescents. Detraining period of 16-week didn´t reduce the overall training effects.