Towards ubiquitous city : concept, planning, and experiences in the Republic of Korea

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) had occupied their position on knowledge management and are now evolving towards the era of self-intelligence (Klosterman, 2001). In the 21st century ICTs for urban development and planning are imperative to improve the quality of life and place. This includes the management of traffic, waste, electricity, sewerage and water quality, monitoring fire and crime, conserving renewable resources, and coordinating urban policies and programs for urban planners, civil engineers, and government officers and administrators. The handling of tasks in the field of urban management often requires complex, interdisciplinary knowledge as well as profound technical information. Most of the information has been compiled during the last few years in the form of manuals, reports, databases, and programs. However frequently, the existence of these information and services are either not known or they are not readily available to the people who need them. To provide urban administrators and the public with comprehensive information and services, various ICTs are being developed. In early 1990s Mark Weiser (1993) proposed Ubiquitous Computing project at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Centre in the US. He provides a vision of a built environment which digital networks link individual residents not only to other people but also to goods and services whenever and wherever they need (Mitchell, 1999). Since then the Republic of Korea (ROK) has been continuously developed national strategies for knowledge based urban development (KBUD) through the agenda of Cyber Korea, E-Korea and U-Korea. Among abovementioned agendas particularly the U-Korea agenda aims the convergence of ICTs and urban space for a prosperous urban and economic development. U-Korea strategies create a series of U-cities based on ubiquitous computing and ICTs by a means of providing ubiquitous city (U-city) infrastructure and services in urban space. The goals of U-city development is not only boosting the national economy but also creating value in knowledge based communities. It provides opportunity for both the central and local governments collaborate to U-city project, optimize information utilization, and minimize regional disparities. This chapter introduces the Korean-led U-city concept, planning, design schemes and management policies and discusses the implications of U-city concept in planning for KBUD.

The city is connections : Seoul as an urban network

With the rise of ubiquitous computing in recent years, concepts of spatiality have become a significant topic of discussion in design and development of multimedia systems. This article investigates spatial practices at the intersection of youth, technology, and urban space in Seoul, and examines what the author calls ‘transyouth’: in the South Korean context, these people are between the ages of 18 and 24, situated on the delicate border between digital natives and immigrants in Prensky’s (2001) terms. In the first section, the article sets out the technosocial environment of contemporary Seoul. This is followed by a discussion of social networking processes derived from semi-structured interviews conducted in 2007-8 with Seoul transyouth about their ‘lived experiences of the city.’ Interviewees reported how they interact to play, work, and live with and within the city’s unique environment. The article develops a theme of how technosocial convergence (re)creates urban environments and argues for a need to consider such user-driven spatial recreation in designing cities as (ubiquitous) urban networks in recognition of its changing technosocial contours of connections. This is explored in three spaces of different scales: Cyworld as an online social networking space; cocoon housing – a form of individual residential space which is growing rapidly in many Korean cities – as a private living space; and u-City (ubiquitous City) as the future macro-space of Seoul.

Managing ubiquitous eco cities : the role of urban telecommunication infrastructure networks and convergence technologies

A successful urban management system for a Ubiquitous Eco City requires an integrated approach. This integration includes bringing together economic, socio-cultural and urban development with a well orchestrated, transparent and open decision making mechanism and necessary infrastructure and technologies. Rapidly developing information and telecommunication technologies and their platforms in the late 20th Century improves urban management and enhances the quality of life and place. Telecommunication technologies provide an important base for monitoring and managing activities over wired, wireless or fibre-optic networks. Particularly technology convergence creates new ways in which the information and telecommunication technologies are used. The 21st Century is an era where information has converged, in which people are able to access a variety of services, including internet and location based services, through multi-functional devices such as mobile phones and provides opportunities in the management of Ubiquitous Eco Cities. This paper discusses the recent developments in telecommunication networks and trends in convergence technologies and their implications on the management of Ubiquitous Eco Cities and how this technological shift is likely to be beneficial in improving the quality of life and place. The paper also introduces recent approaches on urban management systems, such as intelligent urban management systems, that are suitable for Ubiquitous Eco Cities.

Ubiquitous eco cities : infrastructure, technology and management

Efficient and effective urban management systems for Ubiquitous Eco Cities require having intelligent and integrated management mechanisms. This integration includes bringing together economic, socio-cultural and urban development with a well orchestrated, transparent and open decision-making system and necessary infrastructure and technologies. In Ubiquitous Eco Cities telecommunication technologies play an important role in monitoring and managing activities via wired and wireless networks. Particularly, technology convergence creates new ways in which information and telecommunication technologies are used and formed the backbone of urban management. The 21st Century is an era where information has converged, in which people are able to access a variety of services, including internet and location based services, through multi-functional devices and provides new opportunities in the management of Ubiquitous Eco Cities. This chapter discusses developments in telecommunication infrastructure and trends in convergence technologies and their implications on the management of Ubiquitous Eco Cities.

100 Years of U.S. Consumer Spending: Data for the Nation, New York City, and Boston

[From Preface] The Consumer Expenditure Survey is among the oldest publications of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. With information on the expenditures, incomes, and demographic characteristics of households, the survey documents the spending patterns and economic status of American families. This report offers a new approach to the use of Consumer Expenditure Survey data. Normally, the survey presents an indepth look at American households at a specific point in time, the reference period being a calendar year. Here, the authors use consumer expenditure data longitudinally and draw on information from decennial census reports to present a 100-year history of significant changes in consumer spending, economic status, and family demographics in the country as a whole, as well as in New York City and Boston.

Extensive and intensive globalizations: explicating the low connectivity puzzle of U.S. cities using a city-dyad analysis

This article reports an experiment in world city network analysis focusing on city-dyads. Results are derived from an unusual principal components analysis of 27,966 city-dyads across 5 advanced producer service sectors. A 2-component solution is found that identifies different forms of globalization: extensive and intensive. The latter is characterized by very high component scores and describes the more important city-dyads focused upon London-New York (NYLON). The extensive globalization component heavily features London and New York but with each linked to less important cities. U.S. cities score relatively high on the intensive globalization component and we use this finding to explain the low connectivities of U.S. cities in previous studies of the world city network. The two components are tentatively interpreted in world-systems terms: intensive globalization is the process of core-making through city-dyads; extensive globalization is the process of linking core with non-core through city-dyads.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 8 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit den City Club of New York (p. I 4, 298-419)

1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an das Californian Hotel Fresno, 20.07.1947; 1 Brief von Franz Calvelli-Adorno an Max Horkheimer, 1948; 1 Brief von der Cambridge Univerity Press London an Max Horkheimer, 09.06.1940; 1 Brief vonMax Horkheimer an C.E. De Camp, 09.12.1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Hadley Cantril, 09.01.1939; 5 Briefe zwischen William Charles Carlé und Max Horkheimer, 1939-1944; 1 Brief von Rose Carter an Max Horkheimer, 20.04.1940; 3 Briefe zwischen der Central Westchester Human Society, White Plains, NY und Max Horkheimer, 1939; 1 Brief von Frank F. Charles an Max Horkheimer, 16.03.1939; 7 Briefe zwischen der Charity Organisation Society London und Max Horkheimer, 1936-1938; 1 Brief von Christa Christian an Max Horkheimer, 12.11.1937; 4 Briefe zwischen Ada Citroen-Kater und Max Horkheimer, 1940; 7 Briefe zwsichen Fenny van Leer und Max Horkheimer, 1940; 3 Briefe zwischen Leo Löwenthal an Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, 1940, 13.11.1940; 1 Brief von Leo Löwenthal an David Reissner, 05.09.1940; 21 Briefe zwischen dem City Club of New York und Max Horkheimer, 1938-1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an das City College of New York, 20.11.1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Charles Upson Clark, 04.06.1938; 2 Briefe zwischen Morris R. Cohen und Max Horkheimer, 16.02.1939, 24.03.1941; 7 Briefe zwischen Alfred E. Cohn und Max Horkheimer, 1939-1941; 1 Brief und 1 Entwurf von Max Horkheimer an Else Cohnstaedt, März 1941; 1 Brief von dem College of the Pacific California an Max Horkheimer, 01.03.1949; 10 Briefe zwischen Gerhard Colm und Max Horkheimer, 1935-1939; 1 Brief von Gerhard Colm an Georg Rusche, 19.09.1938;

Renewable energy and the city : joint hearings before the Subcommittee on the City of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, and the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, first session, October 16 and 17, 1979.

Mode of access: Internet.

Desiccated alimentary vegetable substances : reports of two boards of navy officers, convened by order of William A. Graham, at the U.S. Navy yard, New York, in Nov. 1851, and at Washington City, in May, 1852 ... /

"To examine certain desiccated alimentary vegetable substances, prepared, after the process of M. Masson ... and, after the process of Dr. J.N. Gannal ... the conserve of milk, prepared by M. de Lignac ... and also the preserved potato of D. and H. Edwards and Co."

Documented and undocumented persons in New York City : a report of the New York State Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.

Mode of access: Internet.

The N.Y. weekly digest of cases decided in the U.S. Supreme, Circuit, and District Courts, appellate courts of the several states, state and city courts of New York and English courts.

Publisher varies: Campbell & Co. or H. Campbell & Co., v. 2-8 ; New York Weekly Digest Co., v. 9-28.

A fragment of the prison experiences of Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman in the State Prison at Jefferson City, Mo., and the U.S. Penitentiary at Atlanta, Ga., February, 1918--October, 1919.

Mode of access: Internet.

Raymer's dictionary of greater Seattle : an encyclopedic-dictionary of the state of Washington, U.S.A., in general, and the city of Seattle in particular.

Title on cover: Raymer's dictionary of Seattle.

An address delivered in the Tabernacle : before the Tippecanoe and other Harrison Associations, of the city of New York : at the celebration of the anniversary of the birth day of Washington : and the recent triumph of sound principles in the election of William Henry Harrison, to the Presidency of the U.S., Feb'y 22, 1841 /

Checklist Amer. imprints