988 resultados para treinamento de resistência
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Introduction: The emergence of High Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) increase the life expectancy of the persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), therefore the prolonged use cause metabolic implications and influences on body fat distribution and increase the cardiovascular diseases prevalence. Aims: Evaluate the effect of resistance training on heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype on PLHIV. Methods: Participated this study seven sedentary men, with age above 25 years old, living with HIV/AIDS, under HAART use. Were submitted a 16 week intervention with resistance training. Evaluated the heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype, before, after 8 weeks and 16 weeks, all in paired form. It was found the data normality by Shapiro-Wilk test and conducted the Anova one way combined with Tukey post hoc to samples in each evaluate moment, adopting significance level p<0,05. Also were calculated percentage change deltas. For somatotype was used the somatotype spatial distance (DES), obeying the significance value DES≥1. Results: Was found significance differences only in variable final heart rate delta 60s (p=0,01), however, is not showed changes on heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype components. Conclusion: 16 weeks of resistance training showed improvement on heart rate recovery after submaximal effort and, despite is not enough to produce significance differences on biochemical parameters and somatotype components, could be realize improvement on average value of fasting glucose and lipid profile, as well as reducing the endomorphic component
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The results of studies about the ideal resistance training intensity for reduction of resting blood pressure levels, as well as this type of training to increase the functional capacity of hypertensive older women are still unclear, since the few investigations usually analyze young individuals normotensive, and the literature lacks precise information in elderly hypertensive subjects. Objectives: To determine the effect of two resistance training intensities on resting blood pressure and the effect of resistance training on functional capacity in elderly women with systemic arterial hypertension, analyzing these variables before and after eight weeks of intervention. Methods: Patients underwent eight weeks of resistance training, with a frequency of three times per week on alternate days, in the afternoon. The exercises performed were: leg press, bench press, knee extension, lat pull-down, knee flexion, shoulder abduction, standing cable hip abduction and biceps curl. Results: It was found that patients who underwent training with moderate resistance, showed a reduction on resting values of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) p<0.03 and of mean arterial pressure (MAP) p<0.03. Patients who underwent mild resistance training showed reduction in resting values of MAP (p<0.03) and a tendency to decrease in DBP (p<0.06). With regard to functional capacity, the results showed significant increase in the strength of arms and legs, agility and aerobic endurance (p<0.001) and maintaining flexibility (p>0.05). Conclusion: The data indicated that both mild and moderate resistance training, even when started in old age, promoted cardiovascular benefits and also improve the functional capacity of hypertensive older women.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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The aim of this study was to analyze the morphophysiological changes of medial gastrocnemius muscle (GM) of Wistar rats underwent to eight weeks of concurrent training (TC). We used fifteen male Wistar rats divided into three groups with five animals each: baseline (LB), control (C) and trained (T). The TC consisted of aerobic endurance training in swimming (TRA) and a forced training (TF) in the same session, three times per week, for eight weeks. There was an increase of 4.4% in the comparison between average cross section area of the GM in animals of groups T (4905,5 ± 77,1µm²) and C (4699,9 ± 78,3 µm²). It is concluded that concurrent training was effective in causing hypertrophy in GM of rats.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC
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O Colégio Militar do Rio de Janeiro (CMRJ) está vinculado ao Exército Brasileiro. Fundado em 1889 é considerado a mais antiga instituição educacional militar masculina do país. Em comemoração ao seu centenário (1989) realizou-se um concurso de admissão para introduzir alunas a partir do ensino fundamental. Com 26 anos de convivência das alunas com a escola ocorreram modificações no acesso bem como em suas participações físico-desportivas. Desta forma a elaboração desta tese tem por objetivo compreender o processo de interação de alunas neste estabelecimento de ensino, investigando e analisando a instituição educacional militar e especialmente o ingresso de mulheres, o poder disciplinar e o gênero, a construção da identidade e a representação no corpo destas. A pesquisa foi realizada através de três artigos. O primeiro, O discurso sobre o acesso à permanência de mulheres nas Forças Armadas Brasileiras: o que conta a literatura teve como finalidade mapear os trabalhos científicos produzidos sobre as mulheres no ambiente militar, o segundo, Entre a disciplina e a ordem: A construção identitária de meninas no Colégio Militar do Rio de Janeiro analisou a estruturação da identidade de alunas em atividades escolares à partir de 1989, e o terceiro, A interação de alunas do Colégio Militar do Rio de Janeiro em práticas físico-desportivas: a tradição reinventada analisou as representações sobre as atividades físico-desportivas realizadas no CMRJ com a inserção feminina e suas interações na atualidade. A metodologia orientou-se pela abordagem qualitativa e a pesquisa é do tipo descritiva. O primeiro estudo utilizou 25 pesquisas sobre mulheres no militarismo brasileiro; no segundo e terceiro, os sujeitos foram vinte alunas da 2 série do ensino médio do CMRJ. A técnica de coleta de dados realizada foi a entrevista semi-estruturada. A análise dos dados seguiu a descrição densa proposta por Cliford Geertz, dialogando com Foucault e suas reflexões sobre identidade e com Moscovici e as teorias sobre Representação Social. Os resultados apontam para visibilização social e política do ambiente escolar militar misto, evidenciando em suas experiências a estruturação da participação delas no Exército e nas Forças Armadas brasileiras. Concluímos que o CMRJ ajustou-se aos ares dos novos tempos, provocando adaptações em todos os setores da escola e em especial na Educação Física, objeto de nossa investigação no terceiro estudo, porém admitimos que em parte, as mudanças são reflexos da desestruturação do sistema escolar do colégio, da precariedade de se manter profissionais por falta de concurso público, das mudanças do setor administrativo e comando do colégio, se comparadas as vivenciadas pelas pioneiras na década de 1990. Por outro lado, os valores institucionais se mantiveram pelas práticas cívico-militares (ordem unida) que se ancoravam nos ideais de masculinidade sustentando a tradição militar da escola. As aulas de Educação Física construídas com atenção especial para o treinamento físico, resistência e força na centenária escola, deslocaram-se para práticas físico-desportivas contribuindo com a disciplina e concretização das expectativas de qualidade de ensino e tradição militar esperada pelas alunas.
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Physiological changes induced by the aging process is dynamic and progressive, reducing the adaptability and independence of older people and may be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Thus the aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between polymorphism of the ACE gene ID and the phenotypes of muscular strength and blood pressure of 62 elderly Brazilian (67.35 ± 5.66 years) during a 16-week program of supervised training. The elderly women were stratified by age, with the group 1 (G1, n = 34) <70 years and group 2 (G2 n = 28) ≥ 70 years, and in three groups by ACE, ACE-II (n = 8) ACE- DD (n = 35) and ACE-ID (n = 19). The level of muscle strength was evaluated by the method of maximum repetitions and measures of blood pressure (BP) were measured before and after training (PAPré1 and PAPós1) and before and after each training session (PAPre2 and PAPós2), in place of training. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes polymorphism and insertion / deletion (ID) of the ACE gene (rs1800795) was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plus PCR-confirmatory. The genotype distribution of the polymorphism ID attended the prerogatives of Hardy-Weitíherg. There was variation in power levels before and after training and the age between groups (t-test) and the ACE polymorphism (ANOVA) (p <0.05). Depending on the results it was concluded that resistance training helps to reduce SBP and increased muscle strength of upper and lower limbs when considering the age and ACE polymorphism. In this study the Elderly carriers of the D allele were more reactive to changes in BP resistance training. This study was multidisciplinary project involving researchers in the areas Medical, Physical Education, Pharmacy, Nutrition, Gerontology and Statistics. This fulfilled the requirements of the multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences