The Effect of Sales Promotion on Consumer Based Brand Equity

The study was an attempt to find out the effect of Sales Promotion,Price and Premium Promotion,on Consumer Based Brand Equity.The dimensions of consumer Based Brand Equity under study were Brand Awareness and Associations,Perceived Quality and Brand Loyalty.The Product categories under study were Convenience Products,shopping Products and Specialty Products and the product classes taken were Toothpastes,Colour Television and Athletic Shoes.The brands under study were Convenience Products-Anchor,Closeup,Colgate and Dabur:Shopping products-LG,Onida,Samsung and Sony and Specialty Products-Action,Adidas,Nike and Reebok.The primary objective of the study was to examine the effect of Sales Promotion,Price and Premium Promotion,on Consumer Based Brand Equity(CBBE)

Newspaper sales promotion: the fields, the media, the methods,

In five parts and bibliography, each preceded by half-title not included in paging.

Profitable lumber retailing; a presentation of profit-creating management practices and sales promotion methods as applied to the retailing of all building materials,

Mode of access: Internet.

Decomposing the sales promotion bump accounting for cross-category effects

Extant research on the decomposition of unit sales bumps due to price promotions considers these effects only within a single product category. This article introduces a framework that accommodates specific cross-category effects. Empirical results based on daily data measured at the item/SKU level show that the effects of promotions on sales in other categories are modest. Between-category complementary effects (20%) are, on average, substantially larger than between-category substitution effects (11%). Hence, a promotion of an item has an average net spin-off effect of (20 - 11 =) 9% of its own effect. The number of significant cross-category effects is low, which means that we expect that, most of the time, it is sufficient to look at within-category effects only. We also find within-category complementary effects, which implies that competitive items within the category may benefit from a promotion. We find small stockpiling effects (6%), modest cross-item effects (22%), and substantial category-expansion effects (72%). The cross-item effects are the result of cross-item substitution effects within the category (26%) and within-category complementary effects (4%). Approximately 15% (= 11% / 72%) of the category-expansion effect is due to between-category substitution effects of dependent categories.

Sales Promotion in Hotels:A British Perspective

In their article - Sales Promotion In Hotels: A British Perspective - by Francis Buttle, Lecturer, Department of Hotel, Restaurant, and Travel Administration, University of Massachusetts and Ini Akpabio, Property Manager, Trusthouse Forte, Britain, Buttle and Akpabio initially state: “Sales promotion in hotels is in its infancy. Other industries, particularly consumer goods manufacturing, have long recognized the contribution that sales promotion can make to the cost-effective achievement of marketing objectives. Sales promotion activities in hotels have remained largely uncharted. The authors define, identify and classify these hotel sales promotion activities to understand their function and form, and to highlight any scope for improvement.” The authors begin their discussion by attempting to define what the phrase sales promotion [SP] actually means. “The Institute of Sales Promotion regards sales promotions as “adding value, usually of a temporary nature, to a product or service in order to persuade the end user to purchase that particular brand as opposed to a competitive brand,” the authors offer. Williams, however, describes sales promotions more broadly as “short term tactical marketing tools which are used to achieve specific marketing objectives during a defined time period,” Buttle and Akpabio present with attribution. “The most significant difference between these two viewpoints is that Williams does not limit his definition to activities which are targeted at the consumer,” is their educated view. A lot of the discussion is centered on the differences in the collective marketing-promotional mix. “…it is not always easy to definitively categorize promotional activity,” Buttle and Akpabio say. “For example, in personal selling, a sales promotion such as a special bonus offer may be used to close the sale; an advertisement may be sales promotional in character in that it offers discounts.” Are promotion and marketing distinguishable as two separate entities? “…not only may there be conceptual confusion between components of the promotional mix, but there is sometimes a blurring of the boundaries between the elements of the marketing mix,” the authors suggest. “There are several reasons why SP is particularly suitable for use in hotels: seasonality, increasing competitiveness, asset characteristics, cost characteristics, increased use of channel intermediaries, new product launches, and deal proneness.” Buttle and Akpabio offer their insight on each of these segments. The authors also want you to know that SP customer applications are not the only game in town, SP trade applications are just as essential. Bonuses, enhanced commission rates, and vouchers are but a few examples of trade SP. The research for the article was compiled from several sources including, mail surveys, telephone surveys, personal interviews, trade magazines and newspapers; essentially in the U.K.

Effect of price and in-store promotion on sales: a study of distinct regions in an emerging market

Increasing competition caused by globalization, high growth of some emerging markets and stagnation of developed economies motivate Consumer Packaged Goods (CPGs) manufacturers to drive their attention to emerging markets. These companies are expected to adapt their marketing activities to the particularities of these markets in order to succeed. In a country classified as emerging market, regions are not alike and some contrasts can be identified. In addition, divergences of marketing variables effect can also be observed in the different retail formats. The retail formats in emerging markets can be segregated in chain self-service and traditional full-service. Thus, understanding the effectiveness of marketing mix not only in country aggregated level data can be an important contribution. Inasmuch as companies aim to generate profits from emerging markets, price is an important marketing variable in the process of creating competitive advantage. Along with price, promotional variables such as in-store displays and price cut are often viewed as temporary incentives to increase short-term sales. Managers defend the usage of promotions as being the most reliable and fastest manner to increase sales and then short-term profits. However, some authors alert about sales promotions disadvantages; mainly in the long-term. This study investigates the effect of price and in-store promotions on sales volume in different regions within an emerging market. The database used is at SKU level for juice, being segregated in the Brazilian northeast and southeast regions and corresponding to the period from January 2011 to January 2013. The methodological approach is descriptive quantitative involving validation tests, application of multivariate and temporal series analysis method. The Vector-Autoregressive (VAR) model was used to perform the analysis. Results suggest similar price sensitivity in the northeast and southeast region and greater in-store promotion sensitivity in the northeast. Price reductions show negative results in the long-term (persistent sales in six months) and in-store promotion, positive results. In-store promotion shows no significant influence on sales in chain self-service stores while price demonstrates no relevant impact on sales in traditional full-service stores. Hence, this study contributes to the business environment for companies wishing to manage price and sales promotions for consumer brands in regions with different features within an emerging market. As a theoretical contribution, this study fills an academic gap providing a dedicated price and sales promotion study to contrast regions in an emerging market.

A comparison of sales response predictions from demand models applied to store-level versus panel data

In order to generate sales promotion response predictions, marketing analysts estimate demand models using either disaggregated (consumer-level) or aggregated (store-level) scanner data. Comparison of predictions from these demand models is complicated by the fact that models may accommodate different forms of consumer heterogeneity depending on the level of data aggregation. This study shows via simulation that demand models with various heterogeneity specifications do not produce more accurate sales response predictions than a homogeneous demand model applied to store-level data, with one major exception: a random coefficients model designed to capture within-store heterogeneity using store-level data produced significantly more accurate sales response predictions (as well as better fit) compared to other model specifications. An empirical application to the paper towel product category adds additional insights. This article has supplementary material online.

La promoción de ventas en los mercados de consumo: Propuesta de un nuevo enfoque de gestión promocional

[ES] Actualmente son numerosos los factores que provocan una mayor utilización de la promoción por parte de las empresas fabricantes en los mercados de consumo. Tradicionalmente, las empresas han utilizado la promoción como último recurso para el cumplimiento de los objetivos de ventas. Esta forma de actuar representa una clara orientación a la venta, cuando se trata de analizar la gestión promocional.

Choosing the Right Promotional Tool in the Hotel Industry: The Case of the Chinese Consumer.

The rapid growth of the Chinese tourism has stimulated competition within tourism-related industries, such as the hospitality industry. The purpose of this study is to examine the Chinese consumer reaction to different promotional tools used by hotels in China and, thus, to provide a deeper understanding for marketers of how to use sales promotion effectively to generate appropriate consumer responses. An experimental survey was administered yielding a total sample of 319 Chinese customers, who were probed using different types of sales promotion tools. Data analysis indicates that bonus packs (e.g. a 3-night stay at a hotel for the price of 2) induced the highest consumer perceived value, brand switching, and purchase acceleration intention, whereas price discounts resulted in the highest intention to spend more. Although this study has its limitations given its reliance on a convenience sample, it offers insightful practical implications for hotel business owners in Asia regarding targeting the right customers with the right promotional tools, where it is proposed that bonus packs successfully attract new Chinese customers and price discounts support in generating more sales.

Digitalização das promoções de vendas e email marketing

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Marketing Digital, sob orientação de Professor Doutor António Correia de Barros

General Electric transistor manual.

Cover title: Transistor manual, including tunnel diodes; specifications, applications, circuits.

Optimization of Advertising Resources over Time: A Strategic Analysis

AMS subject classification: 90B60, 90B50, 90A80.

Identificación de las estrategias de innovación en marketing aplicadas en posicionamiento y promoción por el sector del comercio formal, en el centro de la ciudad de Pereira para el año 2016

La presente investigación es conducente a la caracterización de innovación en marketing en dos temáticas promoción y posicionamiento del sector comercio ubicado en el centro de la ciudad de Pereira, permitiendo la identificación de las acciones, herramientas y estrategias que realizan los empresarios de la micro y pequeña empresa para promocionar los productos y el posicionamiento de productos y la empresa -- Así mismo, el trabajo condensa las asimetrías entre la micro y la pequeña empresa, tanto en las acciones como en las estrategias que realiza el empresariado para promocionar y posicionar los productos, partiendo de la hipótesis que el tamaño de la empresa condiciona el nivel de innovación en las empresas -- Efectivamente, de acuerdo a los resultados, se evidencia que el tamaño de la empresa determina el nivel de herramientas y estrategias utilizadas en la innovación -- En consecuencia, los resultados de manera general arrojan un bajo nivel de utilización de medios, herramientas y estrategias de innovación en el sector empresarial del comercio, situación que limita su crecimiento y competitividad, teniendo como premisa que el 95% de los establecimientos son microempresas -- De tal manera las dinámicas sociales, económicas y tecnológicas dan cuenta de cambios significativos en la oferta y demanda en la comercialización de bienes, situación que debe cambiar en los empresarios en el modo de ofertar, vender, promocionar y posicionar, los bienes, es decir el empresariado debe adaptarse a las nuevas condiciones de mercado, en un contexto donde la demanda cada vez más exigente tanto en diversidad como en la calidad de los bienes

Aux “marges sales” de la parole vive : les débats sur la langue dans le milieu théâtral québécois (1930-1968)

Des débats et interventions diverses sur les rapports entre langue et théâtre au Québec, on ne retient souvent que les polémiques ayant entouré, entre 1968 et 1973, la création des premières pièces de Michel Tremblay ainsi que les innombrables prises de position publiques de leur auteur. Dans une perspective sociohistorique, cet article cherche à montrer que — à partir des années 1930, tout particulièrement — une réflexion originale sur la langue au théâtre prend naissance dans un contexte où la critique tente de penser l’autonomie d’un théâtre québécois en émergence. D’où une vive attention à la façon de porter la parole vivante au théâtre (élocution, débit, accent), qu’il s’agit de faire échapper à l’influence de l’art oratoire et de l’éloquence profane ou sacrée. L’importance de la notion centrale de l’époque, le naturel à la scène, se manifeste ensuite sous d’autres formes, notamment à travers la promotion d’un théâtre réaliste, puis social. La dramaturgie et les positions de Marcel Dubé sur la question linguistique, affirmées dès les années 1950, sont exemplaires de cette évolution générale, qui s’inscrit en faux contre une perspective textualiste évacuant de l’oeuvre de théâtre la parole quotidienne, dans toute son imperfection et sa fragilité.