Nonlinear pulse distortion in few-mode fiber

Nonlinear pulse propagation in a few mode fiber is experimentally investigated, by measuring temporal and phase responses of the output pulses by use of a frequency discriminator technique, showing that self-phase modulation, dispersion and linear mode-coupling are the dominant effects.

Nonlinear pulse distortion in few-mode fiber

Nonlinear pulse propagation in a few mode fiber is experimentally investigated, by measuring temporal and phase responses of the output pulses by use of a frequency discriminator technique, showing that self-phase modulation, dispersion and linear mode-coupling are the dominant effects.

Distortion management of SBS slow light in a single-mode optical fiber by optimization of broadband SBS gain spectrum

SPIE

用反射式达曼光栅产生飞秒激光双脉冲

采用反射式达曼光栅建立了一种产生飞秒激光双脉冲的新装置．由于采用反射式结构，避免了材料色散和吸收导致的脉冲畸变，并构建了一台二次谐波一频率分辨光学开关装置对产生的双脉冲进行了测量．实验结果表明可以实现脉冲强度相等、时间宽度相同、不同间隔的双脉冲输出．产生双脉冲的装置在飞秒激光领域有着应用的价值．

超短光脉冲感应级联五阶非线性相移分析

由于群速度失配的影响,飞秒光脉冲在感应到FONPS（级联五阶非线性相移）的同时,将不可避免地发生脉冲畸变.通过理论分析及数值模拟,提出了使级联五阶非线性过程运行在较大相位失配条件下的解决方案,成功地消除了脉冲畸变.并且借助于该过程中倍频效率的提高,有效地补偿由于相位失配量的增大所造成的FONPS的下降,实现飞秒基频光脉冲在感应到大的FONPS的同时无脉冲畸变发生.

高稳定激光二极管抽运Nd∶YLF再生放大器

设计并实现了一种放大纳秒激光脉冲的高稳定的激光二极管(LD)抽运Nd∶YLF再生放大器。为了获得高稳定的输出,再生放大器工作在饱和状态。此时,再生放大器输出稳定性最好,而且注入激光脉冲能量波动引起的输出激光脉冲波动被抑制。由于增益饱和效应,再生放大器输出脉冲出现时域波形失真,附加后缀脉冲能够减弱时域波形失真。放大器工作波长1053nm,工作频率1Hz。输入240pJ的3ns方波激光脉冲,输出激光脉冲能量4.2mJ,总增益大于107,不稳定度小于1%(均方根),方波扭曲1.33。为3ns方波激光脉冲引入其本身幅度0.75倍的后缀脉冲,输出激光脉冲方波扭曲由1.33降至1.17。

Highly stable, diode-pumped Nd : YLF regenerative amplifier

We present the design and experimental results for a diode pumped Nd:YLF regenerative amplifier applied to amplify a nanosecond laser pulse. Numerical simulation shows that the maximum output energy and the best stability can be obtained when the regenerative amplifier operates in a saturated mode for all pulse duration and temporal profiles. Using extra post-pulse is a good method to decrease the square-pulse distortion caused by gain saturation effect. The amplifier shows output energy of 4.2mJ with a total energy gain of more than 107 and output energy stability of better than 1% rms. When extra post-pulse is added, square-pulse distortion is decreased from 1.33 to 1.17 for the amplifier that is seeded with an optical pulse of 3 ns.

Reducing group-velocity-dispersion-dependent broadening of stimulated Brillouin scattering slow light in an optical fiber by use of a single pump laser

We propose a method of effectively extending the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) gain bandwidth in a single-mode optical fiber to reduce group-velocity-dispersion (GVD)-dependent pulse spread of SBS slow light. This can be done by overlapping doublet SBS gain spectra synthesized from a single pump laser. Numerical calculations are performed to verify our proposed method. We find that there exists the optimum spectral separation between two center frequencies of the doublet SBS gain spectrum with respect to the inherent spectral width of the pump laser, which makes it possible to effectively reduce the signal pulse broadening due to GVD. We show that the maximum time delay of the amplified signal pulse can be approximately two times longer than that by a previously reported method using a single broadband pump laser. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.

SBS-based slow light in optical fibers: optimum design considerations for undistorted slow-light signal propagation in steady-state and transient regimes

SPIE

Information-theoretic analysis of a stimulated-Brillouin-scattering-based slow-light system.

We use an information-theoretic method developed by Neifeld and Lee [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 25, C31 (2008)] to analyze the performance of a slow-light system. Slow-light is realized in this system via stimulated Brillouin scattering in a 2 km-long, room-temperature, highly nonlinear fiber pumped by a laser whose spectrum is tailored and broadened to 5 GHz. We compute the information throughput (IT), which quantifies the fraction of information transferred from the source to the receiver and the information delay (ID), which quantifies the delay of a data stream at which the information transfer is largest, for a range of experimental parameters. We also measure the eye-opening (EO) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the transmitted data stream and find that they scale in a similar fashion to the information-theoretic method. Our experimental findings are compared to a model of the slow-light system that accounts for all pertinent noise sources in the system as well as data-pulse distortion due to the filtering effect of the SBS process. The agreement between our observations and the predictions of our model is very good. Furthermore, we compare measurements of the IT for an optimal flattop gain profile and for a Gaussian-shaped gain profile. For a given pump-beam power, we find that the optimal profile gives a 36% larger ID and somewhat higher IT compared to the Gaussian profile. Specifically, the optimal (Gaussian) profile produces a fractional slow-light ID of 0.94 (0.69) and an IT of 0.86 (0.86) at a pump-beam power of 450 mW and a data rate of 2.5 Gbps. Thus, the optimal profile better utilizes the available pump-beam power, which is often a valuable resource in a system design.

High-fidelity, broadband stimulated-Brillouin-scattering-based slow light using fast noise modulation.

We demonstrate a 5-GHz-broadband tunable slow-light device based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in a standard highly-nonlinear optical fiber pumped by a noise-current-modulated laser beam. The noisemodulation waveform uses an optimized pseudo-random distribution of the laser drive voltage to obtain an optimal flat-topped gain profile, which minimizes the pulse distortion and maximizes pulse delay for a given pump power. In comparison with a previous slow-modulation method, eye-diagram and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis show that this broadband slow-light technique significantly increases the fidelity of a delayed data sequence, while maintaining the delay performance. A fractional delay of 0.81 with a SNR of 5.2 is achieved at the pump power of 350 mW using a 2-km-long highly nonlinear fiber with the fast noise-modulation method, demonstrating a 50% increase in eye-opening and a 36% increase in SNR in the comparison.

Ultra-wideband slot antenna with band-notch characteristics for wireless USB dongle applications

A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) printed slot antenna is described, suitable for integration with the printed circuit board (PCB) of a wireless, universal, serial-bus dongle. The design comprises of a near-rectangular slot fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) printed on a PCB of size 20 × 30 mm2. It has a large bandwidth covering the 3.1–10.6 GHz UWB band, with omnidirectional radiation patterns. Further, a notched band centered at 5.45 GHz wireless local area network bands is obtained within the wide bandwidth by inserting a narrow slot inside the tuning stub. Details of the antenna design are described, and the experimental results of the constructed prototype are presented. The time domain studies on the antenna shows a linear phase response throughout the band except at the notched frequency. The transient analysis of the antenna indicates very little pulse distortion confirming its suitability for high speed wireless connectivity.

A compact CPW fed slot antenna for ultra wide band applications

A printed compact coplanar waveguide fed triangular slot antenna for ultra wide band (UWB) communication systems is presented. The antenna comprises of a triangular slot loaded ground plane with a T shaped strip radiator to enhance the bandwidth and radiation. This compact antenna has a dimension of 26mm×26mm when printed on a substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6mm. Design equations are implemented and validated for different substrates. The pulse distortion is insignificant and is verified by the measured antenna performance with high signal fidelity and virtually steady group delay. The simulation and experiment reveal that the proposed antenna exhibits good impedance match, stable radiation patterns and constant gain and group delay over the entire operating band

Migração com amplitude verdadeira em meios bidimensionais (2-D) e introdução ao caso 2,5-D

Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado através de várias publicações um interesse crescente em métodos de migração com amplitude verdadeira, com o objetivo de obter mais informações sobre as propriedades de refletividade da subsuperfície da terra. A maior parte desses trabalhos tem tratado deste tema baseando-se na aproximação de Born, como em Bleistein (1987) e Bleistein et al. (1987), ou na aproximação do campo de ondas pela teoria do raio como Hubral et al. (1991), Schleicher et al. (1993) e Martins et al. (1997). Considerando configurações arbitrárias de fontes e receptores, as reflexões primárias compressionais podem ser imageadas em reflexões migradas no domínio do tempo ou profundidade de tal modo que as amplitudes do campo de ondas migrado são uma medida do coeficiente de reflexão dependente do ângulo de incidência. Para realizar esta tarefa, vários algoritmos têm sido propostos nos últimos anos baseados nas aproximações de Kirchhoff e Born. Essas duas abordagens utilizam um operador integral de empilhamento de difrações ponderado que é aplicado aos dados da seção sísmica de entrada. Como resultado obtém-se uma seção migrada onde, em cada ponto refletor, tem-se o pulso da fonte com amplitude proporcional ao coeficiente de reflexão naquele ponto. Baseando-se na aproximação de Kirchhoff e na aproximação da teoria do raio do campo de ondas, neste trabalho é obtida a função peso para modelos bidimensionais (2-D) e dois e meio dimensionais (2,5-D) que é aplicada a dados sintéticos com e sem ruído. O resultado mostra a precisão e estabilidade do método de migração em 2-D e 2,5-D como uma ferramenta para a obtenção de informações importantes da subsuperfície da terra, que é de grande interesse para a análise da variação da amplitude com o afastamento (ângulo). Em suma, este trabalho apresenta expressões para as funções peso 2-D e 2,5-D em função de parâmetros ao longo de cada ramo do raio. São mostrados exemplos da aplicação do algoritmo de migração em profundidade a dados sintéticos 2-D e 2,5-D obtidos por modelamento sísmico através da teoria do raio usando o pacote Seis88 (Cervený e Psencík, 1988) e os resultados confirmaram a remoção do espalhamento geométrico dos dados migrados mesmo na presença de ruído. Testes adicionais foram realizados para a análise do efeito de alongamento do pulso na migração em profundidade (Tygel et al., 1994) e a aplicação do empilhamento múltiplo (Tygel et al., 1993) para a estimativa de atributos dos pontos de reflexão - no caso o ângulo de reflexão e a posição do receptor.

Study of the operating regime for all-optical passive 2R regeneration of dispersion-managed RZ data at 40 Gb/s using in-line NOLMs

In this letter, we numerically demonstrate that the use of inline nonlinear optical loop mirrors in strongly dispersion-managed transmission systems dominated by pulse distortion and amplitude noise can achieve all-optical passive 2R regeneration of a 40-Gb/s return-to-zero data stream. We define the tolerance limits of this result to the parameters of the input pulses.