998 resultados para meaningful story units


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper addresses the challenge of bridging the semantic gap between the rich meaning users desire when they query to locate and browse media and the shallowness of media descriptions that can be computed in today's content management systems. To facilitate high-level semantics-based content annotation and interpretation, we tackle the problem of automatic decomposition of motion pictures into meaningful story units, namely scenes. Since a scene is a complicated and subjective concept, we first propose guidelines from fill production to determine when a scene change occurs. We then investigate different rules and conventions followed as part of Fill Grammar that would guide and shape an algorithmic solution for determining a scene. Two different techniques using intershot analysis are proposed as solutions in this paper. In addition, we present different refinement mechanisms, such as film-punctuation detection founded on Film Grammar, to further improve the results. These refinement techniques demonstrate significant improvements in overall performance. Furthermore, we analyze errors in the context of film-production techniques, which offer useful insights into the limitations of our method.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

In order to enable high-level semantics-based video annotation and interpretation, we tackle the problem of automatic decomposition of motion pictures into meaningful story units, namely scenes. Since a scene is a complicated and subjective concept, we first propose guidelines from film production to determine when a scene change occurs in film. We examine different rules and conventions followed as part of Film Grammar to guide and shape our algorithmic solution for determining a scene boundary. Two different techniques are proposed as new solutions in this paper. Our experimental results on 10 full-length movies show that our technique based on shot sequence coherence performs well and reasonably better than the color edges-based approach.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

To enable high-level semantic indexing of video, we tackle the problem of automatically structuring motion pictures into meaningful story units, namely scenes. In our recent work, drawing guidance from film grammar, we proposed an algorithmic solution for extracting scenes in motion pictures based on a shot neighborhood color coherence measure. In this paper, we extend our work by presenting various refinement mechanisms, inspired by the knowledge of film devices that are brought to bear while crafting scenes, to further improve the results of the scene detection algorithm. We apply the enhanced algorithm to ten motion pictures and demonstrate the resulting improvements in performance.

Relevância:

90.00% 90.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The feral pig, Sus scrofa, is a widespread and abundant invasive species in Australia. Feral pigs pose a significant threat to the environment, agricultural industry, and human health, and in far north Queensland they endanger World Heritage values of the Wet Tropics. Historical records document the first introduction of domestic pigs into Australia via European settlers in 1788 and subsequent introductions from Asia from 1827 onwards. Since this time, domestic pigs have been accidentally and deliberately released into the wild and significant feral pig populations have become established, resulting in the declaration of this species as a class 2 pest in Queensland. The overall objective of this study was to assess the population genetic structure of feral pigs in far north Queensland, in particular to enable delineation of demographically independent management units. The identification of ecologically meaningful management units using molecular techniques can assist in targeting feral pig control to bring about effective long-term management. Molecular genetic analysis was undertaken on 434 feral pigs from 35 localities between Tully and Innisfail. Seven polymorphic and unlinked microsatellite loci were screened and fixation indices (FST and analogues) and Bayesian clustering methods were used to identify population structure and management units in the study area. Sequencing of the hyper-variable mitochondrial control region (D-loop) of 35 feral pigs was also examined to identify pig ancestry. Three management units were identified in the study at a scale of 25 to 35 km. Even with the strong pattern of genetic structure identified in the study area, some evidence of long distance dispersal and/or translocation was found as a small number of individuals exhibited ancestry from a management unit outside of which they were sampled. Overall, gene flow in the study area was found to be influenced by environmental features such as topography and land use, but no distinct or obvious natural or anthropogenic geographic barriers were identified. Furthermore, strong evidence was found for non-random mating between pigs of European and Asian breeds indicating that feral pig ancestry influences their population genetic structure. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct mitochondrial DNA clades, representing Asian domestic pig breeds and European breeds. A significant finding was that pigs of Asian origin living in Innisfail and south Tully were not mating randomly with European breed pigs populating the nearby Mission Beach area. Feral pig control should be implemented in each of the management units identified in this study. The control should be coordinated across properties within each management unit to prevent re-colonisation from adjacent localities. The adjacent rainforest and National Park Estates, as well as the rainforest-crop boundary should be included in a simultaneous control operation for greater success.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The research aims to evaluate the contributions of a teaching unit to enhance the learning contents ecological green areas in elementary school. The work was conducted with elementary students in a public school in Natal-RN. We sought to identify the students´ previous knowledge about the contents of ecology, develop and implement a Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units PMTU; assess learning of ecological concepts in Teaching Unit Potentially Significant; assess the contribution of interpretative trail as strategy teaching to learning content ecology. The survey of students´ previous knowledge through the pre-test was essential to identify the appropriate subsumers and partially correct, since they served as "anchor" for further expansion of scientific concepts contained in this research. The green areas of the school as an educational, contributed the motivational aspect, as students were protagonists throughout the entire process of teaching and learning. The method of stimulated memory was effective to evidence learning ecological concepts in interpretive trails. The use of diverse activities organized on a PMTU promoted intellectual autonomy of the students and facilitated the acquisition of new meanings through progressive differentiation, and integrative reconciliation consolidation of ecological content and concepts related to biotic and abiotic factors on the basis of the central ideas thematic Life and Environment. The development of procedural skills to capture and share meanings, observe, collect and record data, hypotheses, ability to explain, to apply knowledge to solve problem situations, argue, identify, compare, differentiate and relate concepts, negotiate meanings, reflecting Critically, systematize data was evidenced. Collaborative activities promoted the incorporation of attitudinal contents as developing respect for differences, learn to work in teams to plan, develop and implement actions together for citizenship and environmental responsibility. The application of the Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units PMTU showed evidence of Critical meaningful learning ecological concepts covered in elementary school.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

La dysphasie consiste en une atteinte sévère et persistante de l’acquisition et du développement du langage oral. Les élèves qui en sont atteints peinent à devenir des lecteurs habiles et sont à haut risque d’échec scolaire. Si ce trouble très complexe est étudié dans différents domaines (la santé et l’éducation, entre autres), peu d’études se sont spécifiquement intéressées à vérifier si les élèves dysphasiques possèdent des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles. Or, depuis un certain nombre d’années, de nombreux chercheurs soutiennent que ces connaissances, qui concernent la forme des mots et leurs règles de formation, peuvent constituer une stratégie supplémentaire aidante pour les élèves aux prises avec un déficit phonologique, comme les élèves dysphasiques. C’est dans ce cadre que se situe la présente étude, dont l’objectif général est d’évaluer les connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs dysphasiques francophones du primaire. Pour y parvenir, trois tâches morphologiques, soit une tâche de jugement de relation, une tâche de dérivation et une tâche de plausibilité, ont été soumises à trois groupes de participants dont un groupe d’élèves dysphasiques (D=30) et deux groupes contrôles, c’est-à-dire des élèves du même âge chronologique (CA, n=30) et des élèves plus jeunes, mais du même niveau de lecture (CL, n=30). Nos résultats montrent que l’ensemble des trois groupes de participants a tiré profit des unités morphologiques contenues dans les items pour réussir les tâches proposées, les dysphasiques obtenant des résultats inférieurs aux CA mais comparables aux CL. Toutefois, ces résultats ne s’apparentent pas tout à fait au continuum de développement des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles établi par Tyler et Nagy (1989). De plus, aucun effet du type d’affixation (items préfixés vs suffixés) n’a été observé. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de proposer des pistes d’interventions orthodidactiques visant l’enseignement de la morphologie dérivationnelle auprès des élèves aux prises avec des difficultés de lecture, à l’instar des participants dysphasiques qui ont participé à cette étude.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

La dysphasie consiste en une atteinte sévère et persistante de l’acquisition et du développement du langage oral. Les élèves qui en sont atteints peinent à devenir des lecteurs habiles et sont à haut risque d’échec scolaire. Si ce trouble très complexe est étudié dans différents domaines (la santé et l’éducation, entre autres), peu d’études se sont spécifiquement intéressées à vérifier si les élèves dysphasiques possèdent des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles. Or, depuis un certain nombre d’années, de nombreux chercheurs soutiennent que ces connaissances, qui concernent la forme des mots et leurs règles de formation, peuvent constituer une stratégie supplémentaire aidante pour les élèves aux prises avec un déficit phonologique, comme les élèves dysphasiques. C’est dans ce cadre que se situe la présente étude, dont l’objectif général est d’évaluer les connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs dysphasiques francophones du primaire. Pour y parvenir, trois tâches morphologiques, soit une tâche de jugement de relation, une tâche de dérivation et une tâche de plausibilité, ont été soumises à trois groupes de participants dont un groupe d’élèves dysphasiques (D=30) et deux groupes contrôles, c’est-à-dire des élèves du même âge chronologique (CA, n=30) et des élèves plus jeunes, mais du même niveau de lecture (CL, n=30). Nos résultats montrent que l’ensemble des trois groupes de participants a tiré profit des unités morphologiques contenues dans les items pour réussir les tâches proposées, les dysphasiques obtenant des résultats inférieurs aux CA mais comparables aux CL. Toutefois, ces résultats ne s’apparentent pas tout à fait au continuum de développement des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles établi par Tyler et Nagy (1989). De plus, aucun effet du type d’affixation (items préfixés vs suffixés) n’a été observé. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de proposer des pistes d’interventions orthodidactiques visant l’enseignement de la morphologie dérivationnelle auprès des élèves aux prises avec des difficultés de lecture, à l’instar des participants dysphasiques qui ont participé à cette étude.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Background Anaemia is common in critically ill patients, and has a significant negative impact on patients' recovery. Blood conservation strategies have been developed to reduce the incidence of iatrogenic anaemic caused by sampling for diagnostic testing. Objectives Describe practice and local guidelines in adult, paediatric and neonatal Australian intensive care units (ICUs) regarding blood sampling and conservation strategies. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted July 2013 over one week in single adult, paediatric and neonatal ICUs in Brisbane. Data were collected on diagnostic blood samples obtained during the study period, including demographic and acuity data of patients. Institutional blood conservation practice and guidelines were compared against seven evidence-based recommendations. Results A total of 940 blood sampling episodes from 96 patients were examined across three sites. Arterial blood gas was the predominant reason for blood sampling in each unit, accounting for 82% of adult, 80% of paediatric and 47% of neonatal samples taken (p <. 0.001). Adult patients had significantly more median [IQR] samples per day in comparison to paediatrics and neonates (adults 5.0 [2.4]; paediatrics 2.3 [2.9]; neonatal 0.7 [2.7]), which significantly increased median [IQR] blood sampling costs per day (adults AUD$101.11 [54.71]; paediatrics AUD$41.55 [56.74]; neonatal AUD$8.13 [14.95]; p <. 0.001). The total volume of samples per day (median [IQR]) was also highest in adults (adults 22.3. mL [16.8]; paediatrics 5.0. mL [1.0]; neonates 0.16. mL [0.4]). There was little information about blood conservation strategies in the local clinical practice guidelines, with the adult and neonatal sites including none of the seven recommendations. Conclusions There was significant variation in blood sampling practice and conservation strategies between critical care settings. This has implications not only for anaemia but also infection control and healthcare costs.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Ein System in einem metastabilen Zustand muss eine bestimmte Barriere in derrnfreien Energie überwinden um einen Tropfen der stabilen Phase zu formen.rnHerkömmliche Untersuchungen nehmen hierbei kugelförmige Tropfen an. Inrnanisotropen Systemen (wie z.B. Kristallen) ist diese Annahme aber nicht ange-rnbracht. Bei tiefen Temperaturen wirkt sich die Anisotropie des Systems starkrnauf die freie Energie ihrer Oberfläche aus. Diese Wirkung wird oberhalb derrnAufrauungstemperatur T R schwächer. Das Ising-Modell ist ein einfaches Mo-rndell, welches eine solche Anisotropie aufweist. Wir führen großangelegte Sim-rnulationen durch, um die Effekte, die mit einer endlichen Simulationsbox ein-rnhergehen, sowie statistische Ungenauigkeiten möglichst klein zu halten. DasrnAusmaß der Simulationen die benötigt werden um sinnvolle Ergebnisse zu pro-rnduzieren, erfordert die Entwicklung eines skalierbaren Simulationsprogrammsrnfür das Ising-Modell, welcher auf verschiedenen parallelen Architekturen (z.B.rnGrafikkarten) verwendet werden kann. Plattformunabhängigkeit wird durch ab-rnstrakte Schnittstellen erreicht, welche plattformspezifische Implementierungs-rndetails verstecken. Wir benutzen eine Systemgeometrie die es erlaubt eine Ober-rnfläche mit einem variablen Winkel zur Kristallebene zu untersuchen. Die Ober-rnfläche ist in Kontakt mit einer harten Wand, wobei der Kontaktwinkel Θ durchrnein Oberflächenfeld eingestellt werden kann. Wir leiten eine Differenzialglei-rnchung ab, welche das Verhalten der freien Energie der Oberfläche in einemrnanisotropen System beschreibt. Kombiniert mit thermodynamischer Integrationrnkann die Gleichung benutzt werden, um die anisotrope Oberflächenspannungrnüber einen großen Winkelbereich zu integrieren. Vergleiche mit früheren Mes-rnsungen in anderen Geometrien und anderen Methoden zeigen hohe Überein-rnstimung und Genauigkeit, welche vor allem durch die im Vergleich zu früherenrnMessungen wesentlich größeren Simulationsdomänen erreicht wird. Die Temper-rnaturabhängigkeit der Oberflächensteifheit κ wird oberhalb von T R durch diernKrümmung der freien Energie der Oberfläche für kleine Winkel gemessen. DiesernMessung lässt sich mit Simulationsergebnissen in der Literatur vergleichen undrnhat bessere Übereinstimmung mit theoretischen Voraussagen über das Skalen-rnverhalten von κ. Darüber hinaus entwickeln wir ein Tieftemperatur-Modell fürrndas Verhalten um Θ = 90 Grad weit unterhalb von T R. Der Winkel bleibt bis zu einemrnkritischen Feld H C quasi null; oberhalb des kritischen Feldes steigt der Winkelrnrapide an. H C wird mit der freien Energie einer Stufe in Verbindung gebracht,rnwas es ermöglicht, das kritische Verhalten dieser Größe zu analysieren. Die harternWand muss in die Analyse einbezogen werden. Durch den Vergleich freier En-rnergien bei geschickt gewählten Systemgrößen ist es möglich, den Beitrag derrnKontaktlinie zur freien Energie in Abhängigkeit von Θ zu messen. Diese Anal-rnyse wird bei verschiedenen Temperaturen durchgeführt. Im letzten Kapitel wirdrneine 2D Fluiddynamik Simulation für Grafikkarten parallelisiert, welche u. a.rnbenutzt werden kann um die Dynamik der Atmosphäre zu simulieren. Wir im-rnplementieren einen parallelen Evolution Galerkin Operator und erreichen

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

"Teacher's guide: units on 'The story of food preservation'", by E.M. Tripato [and others]: 16 p. at end.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of bilingual and monolingual videos on the reading comprehension of students with significant hearing impairments and/or deafness. Children with and without hearing losses need reading programs in which comprehension of meaning is the primary goal. This can occur only when print is represented in meaningful context, allowing children to create meaning from their own experience, background, and knowledge of language.^ Investigated in this study was whether students with significant hearing losses comprehended more information in a bilingual or monolingual instructional video format. There were three instructional videos produced: (a) the bilingual video which incorporated American Sign Language (ASL) with standard English captions, (b) a monolingual English video with standard English captions only, and (c) a monolingual ASL-only video. It was hypothesized that the effects of English captioning with ASL might serve as a bridge during instruction, increasing reading comprehension and written English for students. It was further hypothesized that this would allow students to integrate their own ASL knowledge to the printed text to construct meaning.^ Four separate analyses were conducted to see if the hypothesis was supported by the findings. However, all results indicated that there were no significant differences in students' written measures of reading comprehension recall across any of the three presentations of information (two monolingual and one bilingual condition). There were seven variables (word identification, word recall, sentence recall, story recall, written passage theme, written passage word count, and number of mature words) used to evaluate reading comprehension recall. No variable, either individually or grouped, demonstrated a significant difference between monolingual or bilingual instruction. ^

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Notre mémoire se penche sur un corpus de films spécifique; il s’agit des westerns américains racontant la construction d’un chemin de fer. Nous traitons ces films comme un sous-genre du western que nous intitulons Railroad Building Story. Est proposé dans notre étude que la structure narrative étant à la base de tous les récits du sous-genre provient d’une idéalisation des faits historiques entourant la construction du premier chemin de fer transcontinental aux États-Unis. Dans le premier chapitre, nous présentons une adaptation de la méthode d’analyse de Vladimir Propp, telle que présentée dans la Morphologie du conte, dans le but d’identifier la structure narrative stable des films du corpus et d’en décrire les unités narratives constantes. L’application de la méthode est effectuée dans le second chapitre, où chacune des unités narratives constantes est expliquée. De plus, nous confrontons ces unités narratives à l’histoire du chemin de fer transcontinental afin d’analyser les rapports idéologiques existant entre ces récits fictionnels et leur référent historique. Cette description sémionarrative et historique de la Railroad Building Story met en évidence sa fonction idéologique permanente en tant que mythe cinématographique du chemin de fer américain. Dans le troisième chapitre, les films sont analysés d’après leur contexte sociohistorique de production. Le chapitre est divisé selon les quatre périodes historiques dans lesquels les films du sous-genre furent réalisés, soit les années 1920, la Grande Dépression, l’ère maccarthyste et le début des années 1960. En analysant les films d’après une approche sociocritique, nous démontrons comment ceux-ci traduisent des préoccupations idéologiques liées au climat social de la nation américaine. Nous expliquons donc comment le mythe du chemin de fer américain se voit réapproprié à chaque période historique, et ce, afin de répondre aux exigences idéologiques contemporaines à la production des films de la Railroad Building Story.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The behavior of the hydroxyl units of synthetic goethite and its dehydroxylated product hematite was characterized using a combination of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) during the thermal transformation over a temperature range of 180-270 degrees C. Hematite was detected at temperatures above 200 degrees C by XRD while goethite was not observed above 230 degrees C. Five intense OH vibrations at 3212-3194, 1687-1674, 1643-1640, 888-884 and 800-798 cm(-1), and a H2O vibration at 3450-3445 cm(-1) were observed for goethite. The intensity of hydroxyl stretching and bending vibrations decreased with the extent of dehydroxylation of goethite. Infrared absorption bands clearly show the phase transformation between goethite and hematite: in particular. the migration of excess hydroxyl units from goethite to hematite. Two bands at 536-533 and 454-452 cm(-1) are the low wavenumber vibrations of Fe-O in the hematite structure. Band component analysis data of FTIR spectra support the fact that the hydroxyl units mainly affect the a plane in goethite and the equivalent c plane in hematite.