As câmaras municipais brasileiras: perfil de carreira e percepção sobre o processo decisório local

Neste artigo, o legislativo municipal é analisado a partir de dois eixos: (1) a ênfase em suas características nacionais e regionais, com base em dados sobre a composição social e político-partidária do legislativo municipal no Brasil, no período de 1996, 2000 e 2004; e (2) os diferentes modos como os poderes legislativos locais de São Paulo e Santa Catarina percebem os poderes executivos no que se refere ao processo decisório.

A política no loteamento: um estudo sobre mediação na zona oeste carioca

A partir de um enfoque antropológico, baseado na ideia de que a política não é um dado a priori e que precisa ser compreendida a partir das práticas e das formulações dos atores em contextos específicos, discutirei como a política é vivenciada pelos moradores do loteamento Boa Terra, situado em Guaratiba na Zona Oeste carioca, através de pesquisa qualitativa realizada entre os anos de 2008 e 2010. Além de acompanhar festas, atividades ordinárias e extraordinárias do centro comunitário local e campanhas eleitorais, visitei o loteamento em diferentes dias da semana com o objetivo de observar o cotidiano desses moradores. Embora tenha conversado e acompanhado as atividades dos moradores comuns, analisei com mais atenção as práticas desenvolvidas por aqueles que disputam o direito de falar em nome que, em geral, fazem (ou fizeram) parte de alguma associação local. Qual é o papel dessas associações? A que noções de bem público recorrem? Como se dá a relação entre os representantes locais e os moradores do loteamento? Que tipo de distinção existe entre eles? Como tais representantes se articulam no sentido de garantir as demandas de sua base? De que forma costuram relações no interior das agências estatais e com políticos em geral?

The trade unions membership dynamics and union members’ trajectories

This text presents an analysis of aggregated membership’s dynamics for Spanish trade unions, using ECVT data, as well as union memberships’ trajectories, or members’ decisions about joining the organization, permanency and responsibilities, and subsequent attrition. For the analysis of trajectories we make use of information of the records of actual memberships and the record of quitting of CCOO, and of a survey-questionnaire to a sample of leavers of the same union. This study allows us to confirm a linkage between the decision and motivations to become union member, to participate in union activities, the time of permanency, and the motives to quit the organization. We also identify five types of union members’ trajectories, indicating that, far from views that assert a monolithic structure, unions are complex organizations.

Anticipatory objects and uncertain imminence: cattle grids, landscape and the presencing of climate change on the Lizard Peninsula, UK

In this paper we show how a seemingly unremarkable object – a cattle grid – has come to presence climate change in partial and contingent ways on the Lizard Peninsula, Cornwall, UK. We identify the cattle grid as an ‘anticipatory object’ through which conservation organisations seek to manage the future and adapt to climate change, but which at the same time presences that unthought-of future for others in the landscape. We explore the ways in which the cattle grid acts to presence something that is not only absent – climate change – but has uncertain imminence. We investigate the ways in which the cattle grid make climate relevant as an embodied and experiential process, a physical and intellectual artefact, and the means to imagine climate and the ways it might change. Drawing upon interpretative approaches informed by theorisations of materiality, presence and absence to understand climate change as a social phenomenon, we go beyond a consideration of this ordinary object defined by its function to consider how the object is experienced, the processes and practices through which people relate to it, and the ways in which social meaning accumulates around it. The empirical basis for this argument is provided by in-depth interviews with local representatives of Natural England, residents and farmers.

Mining in a changing climate: what scope for forestry-based legacies?

This paper provides an interdisciplinary perspective on mine reclamation in forested areas of Ghana, a country characterised by conflicts between mining and forest conservation. A comparison was made between above ground biomass (AGB) and soil organic carbon (SOC) content from two reclaimed mine sites and adjacent undisturbed forest. Findings suggest that on decadal timescales, reclaimed mine sites contain approximately 40% of the total carbon and 10% the AGB carbon of undisturbed forest. This raises questions regarding the potential for decommissioning mine sites to provide forestry-based legacies. Such a move could deliver a host of benefits, including improving the longevity and success of reclamation, mitigating climate change and delivering corollary enumeration for local communities under carbon trading schemes. A discussion of the antecedents and challenges associated with establishing forest-legacies highlights the risk of neglecting the participation and heterogeneity of legitimate local representatives, which threatens the equity of potential benefits and sustainability of projects. Despite these risks, implementing pilot projects could help to address the lack of transparency and data which currently characterises mine reclamation.

O emprego juvenil no limiar do século XXI :estudo a partir da RAIS e dos programas de inserção de jovens no mercado de trabalho de Natal/RN

This study received the title THE JUVENILE EMPLOYMENT IN THE THRESHOLD OF THE XXI CENTURY: study starting from RAIS and of the programs of youths' insert in the labor market of Natal/RN . It presents as main objective to investigate, starting from the officials data of the Ministério do trabalho e emprego - MTE and of the federal and state government programs, the evolution of the formal employment for youths and the difficulties that leads the success of the returned initiatives the youths' insert in the formal market of work in Brazil and in Rio Grande do Norte, in the period from 2000 to 2004. To accomplish the research, it prioritizes the study of the evolution of the formal employment starting from the data of the MTE as form of diagnosing the formal market of the juvenile work. Search a descriptive way to identify the first results of the programs Primeiro Emprego- PPE (federal) and Primeira Chance - PPC (state), to interpret and to identify the existent gaps among the proposal initial of those programs and the first results obtained in the city of Natal. The research has character no-probability and it applies closed questionnaires for youths assisted by the programs. Were interviewed the local representatives of PPE and PPC, besides representatives of the organized civil society all through open structured interview, covering a total of 103 interviews. The results demonstrated that while PPC (state) obtained success inserting youngs, the PPE (federal) just got to insert 1,5% of the amount subsidized by the state program in Natal. That situation demonstrates a clear preference of the companies for PPC (state), in detriment of the federal program

Multilevel Governance and Accountability: Does Decentralization Promote Good Governance?

Today, the trend towards decentralization is far-reaching. Proponents of decentralization have argued that decentralization promotes responsive and accountable local government by shortening the distance between local representatives and their constituency. However, in this paper, I focus on the countervailing effect of decentralization on the accountability mechanism, arguing that decentralization, which increases the number of actors eligible for policy making and implementation in governance as a whole, may blur lines of responsibility, thus weakening citizens’ ability to sanction government in election. By using the ordinary least squares (OLS) interaction model based on historical panel data for 78 countries in the 2002 – 2010 period, I test the hypothesis that as the number of government tiers increases, there will be a negative interaction between the number of government tiers and decentralization policies. The regression results show empirical evidence that decentralization policies, having a positive impact on governance under a relatively simple form of multilevel governance, have no more statistically significant effects as the complexity of government structure exceeds a certain degree. In particular, this paper found that the presence of intergovernmental meeting with legally binding authority have a negative impact on governance when the complexity of government structure reaches to the highest level.

Implementation of state and local grants programs [microform] : hearing before the Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, May 26, 1988.

"SCNAC-100-2-6."

Federal-State-local relations: State and local officials. Hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Eighty-fifth Congress, first session.

Hearings held Sept. 30, 1957-Jan. 28, 1958 in various cities.

Local incentives for high technology firms and innovation [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology of the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session, February 16, 1982.

"No. 90."

Conglomerate mergers--their effects on small business and local communities [microform] : hearings before the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities Affecting Small Business of the Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, second session, Washington, D.C., January 31 and February 1, 7, 8, 12, 27, and 28, 1980.

CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 81 H721-1

Social Security : implications of extending mandatory coverage to state and local employees : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Social Security, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives /

"B-278999"--P. 1.

Hearings on constitutional reform of federalism : statements by state and local government association representatives.

Item 1049-D.

Intergovernmental relations : changing patterns in state-local finances : fact sheet for the Majority Leader, House of Representatives /

"B-247926"--P. 1.