Distribution and Transmission of Medicinal Plant Knowledge in the Andean Highlands: A Case Study from Peru and Bolivia

This paper presents a study of patterns in the distribution and transmission of medicinal plant knowledge in rural Andean communities in Peru and Bolivia. Interviews and freelisting exercises were conducted with 18 households at each study site. The amount of medicinal plant knowledge of households was compared in relation to their socioeconomic characteristics. Cluster analysis was applied to identify households that possessed similar knowledge. The different modes of knowledge transmission were also assessed. Our study shows that while the amount of plant knowledge is determined by individual motivation and experience, the type of knowledge is influenced by the community of residence, age, migratory activity, and market integration. Plant knowledge was equally transmitted vertically and horizontally, which indicates that it is first acquired within the family but then undergoes transformations as a result of subsequent contacts with other knowledge sources, including age peers.

À la convergence des savoirs : la transmission des connaissances entre des Atikamekw et des archéologues

Ce mémoire s’intéresse à la relation entre des archéologues et des Atikamekw de la communauté de Wemotaci, située en Haute-Mauricie. Cette relation est abordée sous l’angle de la transmission des savoirs. En effet, archéologues et Amérindiens possèdent des systèmes de connaissances distincts et c’est de la dynamique de rencontre entre ces deux corpus de savoirs dont il est ici question. Contrairement à ce que décrit généralement la littérature, les différences de conceptions à divers niveaux comme le rapport au passé, au territoire ou à l’objet n’empêchent pas une reconnaissance mutuelle des savoirs entre les archéologues et les Atikamekw. Chacun des groupes acquiert et intègre même les connaissances de l’autre selon ses préoccupations et ses besoins. Cette transmission des connaissances ne se limite pas à l’échange entre les archéologues et les Atikamekw, elle a également eu lieu entre les différentes générations amérindiennes. À travers une histoire où se conjuguent colonisation, éducation et sédentarisation, les savoirs des Atikamekw se trouvent au cœur du changement. C’est ainsi que la pratique archéologique peut devenir un moyen pour mettre en valeur des connaissances autochtones en permettant une rencontre intergénérationnelle sur un terrain de fouilles archéologiques. Enfin, dans un contexte où les nations autochtones désirent participer à tout ce qui concerne la protection de leur patrimoine culturel, l’archéologie peut également devenir un outil de réappropriation culturelle.

Critical social theory and transformative learning : evidence in pre-service teachers' service-learning reflection logs

This paper reports on the opportunities for transformational learning experienced by a group of pre-service teachers who were engaged in service-learning as a pedagogical process with a focus on reflection. Critical social theory informed the design of the reflection process as it enabled a move away from knowledge transmission toward knowledge transformation. The structured reflection log was designed to illustrate the critical social theory expectations of quality learning that teach students to think critically: ideology critique and utopian critique. Butin's lenses and a reflection framework informed by the work of Bain, Ballantyne, Mills and Lester were used in the design of the service-learning reflection log. Reported data provide evidence of transformational learning and highlight how the students critique their world and imagine how they could contribute to a better world in their work as a beginning teacher.

Achieving continuous professional development in higher education

Traditional higher education technology emphasizes knowledge transmission. In contrast, the Community platform presented in this paper follows a social approach that interleaves knowledge delivery with social and professional skills development, engaging with others, and personal growth. In this paper, we apply learning and complex adaptive systems theory to motivate and justify a continuous professional development model that improves higher education outcomes such as placement. The paper follows action design research (ADR) as the research method to propose and evaluate design principles.

O quadro interativo na aula de inglês : desenvolvimento de práticas comunicativas

Na sociedade da informação, o papel da escola como centro transmissor de conhecimentos está a perder relevância face ao crescente número de fontes de informação alternativas, ricas em conteúdos e de fácil acesso. A alteração de paradigmas cria a necessidade de se introduzirem nos contextos educacionais novas ferramentas e que se adequem estratégias que permitam motivar e ensinar os aprendentes a procurarem e a selecionarem essa informação, participando, desta forma, ativamente na construção do conhecimento. Neste contexto, consideramos que o quadro interativo, pela sua capacidade de funcionar como hub digital, permite integrar recursos dinâmicos e interativos facilitadores do acesso ao conhecimento e à informação. A dissertação que apresentamos, “O Quadro Interativo na aula de inglês: desenvolvimento de práticas comunicativas”, situa-se na área do Multimédia em Educação e, mais especificamente, no domínio da tecnologia e pedagogia em sala de aula. A investigação foi desenhada em torno de um projeto de implementação de quadros interativos (Inov@r com QI) em agrupamentos/escolas do interior do país, associado a um Centro de Formação. A partir de uma investigação qualitativa mista, baseada no tracer study (análise documental, entrevistas e questionários) e no estudo etnográfico (aulas observadas, entrevistas e questionários), procurámos evidenciar a forma como essa tecnologia levou à integração de recursos e à adoção de estratégias promotoras de um ensino e aprendizagem ativo, centrado no aprendente e criando dinâmicas de interação e comunicação facilitadoras do desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa. Os resultados obtidos revelam que a introdução do quadro interativo produz efeitos positivos no ensino e aprendizagem do inglês. A sua integração em contexto de sala de aula abre espaço a um conjunto de potencialidades pedagógicas, promove o uso de recursos digitais variados; leva a uma diversificação de abordagens metodológicas que promovem a interação, criando espaços que levam ao desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa. No entanto, para tornar a introdução do quadro interativo mais eficaz, como ferramenta educativa no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, devemos ter em conta que esse processo de introdução do quadro deve ser planeada e refletida, devendo ter em conta uma nova realidade de conceitos, a tecnologia e as literacias necessárias para uma implementação eficaz. Os docentes devem ser acompanhados, ter acesso a formação técnica e pedagógica; e a possibilidade de integrarem um espaço de colaboração e partilha, como forma mais eficaz de se libertarem de práticas centradas no docente e orientadas apenas para a aquisição de conteúdos. Assim será possível dar lugar a um discurso pedagógico que inclua os vários intervenientes no processo de aprendizagem e a construção de conhecimento, num espaço de interação suportado pela tecnologia

Myths of Modern Education

My focus is on assessment criteria of language proficiency in community college education. To demand clear writing is an application of scientism; it seeks to keep separate the fact/value distinction of positivism. This dangerously undermines the democratizing possibilities of education, since clear writing, taken to its extreme, is ultimately anonymous and dehumanizing. The active student-as-citizen is, therefore, subsumed under the neoliberal dictate of the passive student-as-consumer. The process of language acquisition is reduced to a fictitious act of knowledge transmission and regurgitation, and, therefore, those subversive aspects of language learning, such as creativity and critical inquiry, are undermined. An initial overview of the tenets of modernity will provide a conceptual framework for this examination.

Transfert de connaissances sur les interventions infirmières pour la prévention du suicide auprès des gens vivant avec un trouble concomitant de santé mentale et de toxicomanie

Travail dirigé présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maître ès (M. Sc.) en sciences infirmières

‘Did Ronald McDonald also tend to scare you as a child?’: working to emplace consumption, commodities, and citizen-students in a large classroom setting

So-called ‘radical’ and ‘critical’ pedagogy seems to be everywhere these days on the landscapes of geographical teaching praxis and theory. Part of the remit of radical/critical pedagogy involves a de-centring of the traditional ‘banking’ method of pedagogical praxis. Yet, how do we challenge this ‘banking’ model of knowledge transmission in both a large-class setting and around the topic of commodity geographies where the banking model of information transfer still holds sway? This paper presents a theoretically and pedagogically driven argument, as well as a series of practical teaching ‘techniques’ and tools—mind-mapping and group work—designed to promote ‘deep learning’ and a progressive political potential in a first-year large-scale geography course centred around lectures on the Geographies of Consumption and Material Culture. Here students are not only asked to place themselves within and without the academic materials and other media but are urged to make intimate connections between themselves and their own consumptive acts and the commodity networks in which they are enmeshed. Thus, perhaps pedagogy needs to be emplaced firmly within the realms of research practice rather than as simply the transference of research findings.

Educação do campo e alternância :reflexões sobre uma experiência na Transamazônica/Pará

The study theme is the Rural Familiar House Program (RFHP), through the Rural Familiar House of Uruará-PA city (URFH), from 2000 to 2005. It is considered as base the education offered to the field young people, in the modality of basic education by alternation methodology between the Familiar and School Times in the two first from 5th to 8th grade classrooms. From the argument about the understanding importance and need of knowledge transmission and construction to be established in the inter-section between general references of the social reality and the subjective ones. It constitutes an educative work that both values domain of knowing and the creative capacity of each pupil. Considering that the greatest aim of the education is the human being emancipation, this thematic for the development of the documentary and field research was defined with the delimitated thematic for the educative practice-proposal in alternation, choosing the Program of the RFHs as the reference to carry out an analysis which considered fruitful in the articulation between education and educative work. This study had the objective to contribute for the debate concerning the alternation and to understand presuposals and educative practice of the RFHs what its importance for the young people and its relation with the field educational policy. For this, it was used, mainly, from analytical references of authors, such as Williams, Gramsci, Adorno, Freire, Shiva, Soares, Molina, Tonet, et. all, all were also important for the construction of this work. The studied documentary sources, as well as the verbal ones the actors also interviewed had allowed, in irreplaceable way and significantly, a critical analysis on the pedagogical proposals and the articulation among school, familiar work and education, which was carried out in the formation of URFH, the sessions of alternation between Time School and Time Family. The results are scored with the chapter construction, as they had presented themselves in several sources and the reading which was made. A reading that signals for the affirmation which is possible to overtake the emphasis on technicality, mediated in the practice-theory-practice relation, still present in the alternation, and, thus, to be able to make an educative work that intends to contribute for the young people education with capacity of being, thinking and to act actually as subjects of their history

A temática ambiental no currículo do Ensino fundamental do Estado de São Paulo a partir de 2008

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Formação, conhecimento e identidade acadêmica: o programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Motricidade na UNESP/RC

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Jogos digitais educacionais nas aulas de Educação Física: Olympia, um videogame sobre os jogos olímpicos

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Concepção de professores acerca dos conflitos interpessoais entre crianças

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Plantas tóxicas do município de Cananéia: um enfoque etnobotânico

Among several sites in Brazil, where the local human community develop a consistent knowledge on the environment they live, there is Cananeia local authority in south coast of Sao Paulo. The history of Cananeia is presented as an ancient human occupation, which, nowadays, culminates in 12000 habitants that survive from tourism and fishing. Considering the great importance of the knowledge about plant toxicity, the objective of this work is to develop a study with the residents and its focus is their acquaintance with toxic plants, which occur on contiguous areas. After a preliminary recognition field work, the local authority under study was subdivided into two areas for sampling, characterized by the different levels of human occupation: (A) Island area, more occupied, and (B) Continental area, less occupied. The semi-structured interviews were conducted in both areas according to the “snow ball” method, due to the specifically interest of making comparisons. The plant species cited in the interviews were collected, herborized and identified. One proceeded quali- and quantitative analysis in order to elucidate differences between the studied areas, to establish relations among age/sex of the habitants, the cited species diversity and the practice of knowledge transmission. Were carried out 90 interviews (47 in island, 43 in continent) in which the habitants have cited 137 ethno-species. Both communities are much alike, although the manly differences were presented by the occupation and the uses of the toxic plants. At the island, were interviewed three key-informers, this fact that has not happened at the continent. It was not noticed significant statistical difference between the diversity of toxic plants knew by the habitants of both areas, but a huge dissimilarity was found. The most cited plants, especially the ornamental ones, at both areas are scientifically... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Contribuições da psicologia histórico-cultural para a pedagogia histórico-crítica

This article aims to show elements based on historical-cultural psychology, which are reiterative of historically systematized scientific knowledge transmission as condition of human development and essential function of school education. In that way, it points the sign appropriation as decisive mark in the natural psychic basis overcoming towards to culturally established psychophysical properties formation, characterizing the psychism as an interfuncional system answerable for the constitution of the subjective image of objective reality. In the face of such presuppositions, it firms the role of school education in the mentioned image formation, highlighting the qualitative differences resultant of education based to quotidian and spontaneous concepts, as well as scientific ones. It pleads that the defense of sign quality offered to appropriation by school education is the main intersection point between the historical-cultural psychology and the historical-critical pedagogy.