Don't think but look : a Gestalt interactionist approach to legal thinking

We propose here a new approach to legal thinking that is based on principles of Gestalt perception. Using a Gestalt view of perception, which sees perception as the process of building a conceptual representation of the given stimulus, we articulate legal thinking as the process of building a representation for the given facts of a case. We propose a model in which top-down and bottom-up processes interact together to build arguments (or representations) in legal thinking. We discuss some implications of our approach, especially with respect to modeling precedential reasoning and creativity in legal thinking.

Linking Visual Cortex to Visual Perception: An Alternative to the Gestalt Bubble

Lehar's lively discussion builds on a critique of neural models of vision that is incorrect in its general and specific claims. He espouses a Gestalt perceptual approach, rather than one consistent with the "objective neurophysiological state of the visual system" (p. 1). Contemporary vision models realize his perceptual goals and also quantitatively explain neurophysiological and anatomical data.

A Gestalt Bubble Model of Visuosptial Perception

A neural network model is presented to account for the three dimensional perception of visual space by way of an analog Gestalt-like perceptual mechanism.

Descartes y la Gestalt: La ilusión encerrada en las imágenes

Muchas veces obtenemos una visión de la realidad que no se corresponde con la realidad en sí misma, ya que la mente interrelaciona la percepción visual y las representaciones que guardamos en la memoria. Se muestra en esta web cómo las Matemáticas subyacen a estas ilusiones visuales.

Gestalt i ensenyament

En la present comunicació, parlo del camí personal que m'ha portat a fer un taller de contacontes en francès, dins los estudis de Filologia francesa a la UB. Parlo també del propi taller, explicant en què consistix. I finalment, descric en què este nou format taller per fer classes de francès llengua estrangera integra maneres de fer i de concebre de la Teràpia Gestalt. Durant lo meu camí d'experiència docent, que ja passa dels quinze anys, me confronto en alguns prejudicis didàctics que em fan qüestionar-me bàsicament la manera de fer les classes. També perquè la diversitat del públic assistent no facilita gens una didàctica de caire transmissiu. Així, desenvolupant un interès per un aprenentatge real i consistent, vaig integrant cada vegada més una modalitat pràctica i interactiva a l'aula. Lo qual coïncidix en les tendències més recents d'ensenyament/aprenentatge on se proposa un centrament en l'aprenent. Est interès per la modalitat d'aprenentatge s'ajunta en una investigació i formació personal en Teràpia Gestalt que començo a desenvolupar fa uns cinc o sis anys. I és esta formació fonamentalment experiencial la que m'ajuda a concebre progressivament la situació de classe des d'un punt de vista holístic o global. El resultat és que començo a fer una assignatura en forma de taller de creativitat, en la llengua estrangera estudiada, el francès. Bàsicament és un taller de contacontes, on fem exercicis de corp-oralitat per a què l'alumne pugue aconseguir passar a escena, explicar una història i fer-ho en francès. En est escenari l'alumne necessita molta confiança, i és aquí on pot entrar eficaçment una actitud gestàltica de part del docent. Així, si com a docent busco enfortir i encoratjar la pràctica de l'alumne, en definitiva el seu aprenentatge, me puc servir d'algunes de les actituds bàsicament gestàltiques, com ara incentivar la presència, la consciència i la responsabilitat de l'alumne, a travès sobretot d'interrelacions i interaccions en diversos sentits

A gestalt generated from grounded theory concerning intuition in IS research

Intuition is an important and under-researched concept in information systems. Prior exploratory research has shown that that there is potential to characterize the use of intuition in academic information systems research. This paper extends this research to all of the available issues of two leading IS journals with the aim of reaching an approximation of theoretical saturation. Specifically, the entire text of MISQ and ISR was reviewed for the years 1990 through 2009 using searchable PDF versions of these publications. All references to intuition were coded on a basis consistent with Grounded Theory, interpreted as a gestalt and represented as a mind-map. In the period 1990-2009, 681 incidents of the use of "intuition", and related terms were found in the articles reviewed, representing a greater range of codes than prior research. In addition, codes were assigned to all issues of MIS Quarterly from commencement of publication to the end of the 2012 publication year to support the conjecture that coding saturation has been approximated. The most prominent use of the term of "intuition" was coded as "Intuition as Authority" in which intuition was used to validate a statement, research objective or a finding; representing approximately 34 per cent of codes assigned. In research articles where mathematical analysis was presented, researchers not infrequently commented on the degree to which a mathematical formulation was "intuitive"; this was the second most common coding representing approximately 16 per cent of the codes. The possibly most impactful use of the term "intuition" was "Intuition as Outcome", representing approximately 7 per cent of all coding, which characterized research results as adding to the intuitive understanding of a research topic or phenomena.This research aims to contribute to a greater theoretical understanding of the use of intuition in academic IS research publications. It provides potential benefits to practitioners by providing insight into the use of intuition in IS management, for example, emphasizing the emerging importance of "intuitive technology". Research directions include the creation of reflective and/or formative constructs for intuition in information systems research and the expansion of this novel research method to additional IS academic publications and topics.

Al-Mahdi - Gestalt och budskap : En litteraturstudie jämförande sudanesisk Mahdi och indisk Mahdi inom islam

Followers of three world religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam are waiting for the Messiah. Muslims are even waiting for aspiritual leader al-Mahdi. Two different persons claimed the title of al-Mahdi, at the end of the nineteenth century. Theyappeared almost at the same time, at the totally different places of the earth, with a completely different message and underthe rule of the British colonial power. The aim of the study is to compare the both religious figures, Mirza Ghulam Ahmadfrom India and Muhammad Ahmad from Sudan regarding their different messages, to illustrate the social, political andreligious factors that lead to the entirely different profile and image of these two men and how their organizations havedeveloped after their death up till today. The result shows that the Sudanese Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad claimed hisMahdiship in the year 1881. He became a political leader in a time when Sudan was under the rule of a colonial power. Hetook advantage of the religion for personal purposes and tried to liberate his native country Sudan. The contemporaryMuslim clergy criticized him for his claim because the content of the Hadith traditions did not support his claim ofMahdiship. He maintained his sole right for the interpretation of religion and of the laws of Sharia. He made changes even inthe chief pillars of Islam by asserting that Jehad with sword was more imperative than the pilgrimage journey to Mecca. Heasserted that the Prophet Muhammad himself had entrusted him to launch the holy war against the non-believers. He hadimmense ambitions which were never fulfilled since he suddenly died four years after his claim for Mahdiship, in June 1885.This day his followers are organized as a political party in Sudan with a modest roll in the Sudanese politics. The IndianMahdi Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed in 1889 to be Mahdi, Mujaddid, Muhaddas, Messiah and a Prophet at a time of socialand political peace, though Islam as a religion was firmly pushed by the Hindu and Christian missionaries. He had no politicalambitions at all and was utterly loyal to the British colonial power. His mission was to crush the Cross and to demonstrateIslam’s excellence over all the religions of the world through overwhelming arguments. He proclaimed that Jesus was humanand a Prophet and not the son of God. Jesus survived from the cross and died a natural death after he had lived for manyyears. Ahmad claimed that God had commanded him to put stop to the religious wars. The contemporary Muslim clergyblamed him for being an imposter, melancholic and hypochondriac who had self invented the divine revelations. He died year1908, nineteen years after his claim and the communion he found is established today in more than hundred countries of theworld. Reasons for the breakdown of mission of the Sudanese Mahdi were that his objectives were political and he challengedthe colonial power with the sword. Another decisive factor was his sudden death merely four years after the beginning of hismission. Reasons for the success of Indian Mahdi were that his objectives were purely religious and he was wholly loyal to theforeign government. He survived nineteen years after the beginning of his mission which made it possible for him to create acommunion based on solid grounds. His followers continued on the same path and never engaged in local politics where everthey lived. For further studies it will be of great interest to study the life of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and objectively examine thearguments he presented in support of his divine appointment. Furthermore it is enriching to study the organization andactivities of the Ahmadiyya Muslim community to explore if they are in accordance with the basic principles of Ahmad.

Stereoscopic theatre: the impact of gestalt perceptual organization in the stereoscopic theatre environment

This paper argues that it is essential for live theatre that incorporates stereoscopic imagery to reconceptualise the performance space to facilitate a successful audience experience. While 3D technology greatly increases artistic possibilities, the risks of perceptual confusion exist in live theatre just as in stereoscopic cinema, indeed more so given the coexistence of live performers. This paper argues that Gestalt perceptual organization theory can be valuable in informing how best to employ stereoscopic imagery within a live theater environment, with reference to the artistic works of one of the authors.

Bases filosóficas e implicações técnicas na Gestalt-terapia

Este trabalho tem por objetivo fazer uma reflexão epistemológica das bases filosóficas da Gestalt-terapia, procurando relacioná-las com suas técnicas e procedimentos terapêuticos. A Gestalt-terapia é apresentada a partir de sua origem, incluindo-se uma biografia de Fritz Perls, onde fica evidenciada a influência de outras abordagens no seu pensamento. Os pressupostos filosóficos são enfocados procurando relacionar alguns conceitos centrais da fenomenologia e do existencialismo com a Gestalt-terapia. Inseriu-se uma breve apresentação dos pressupostos te6ricos básicos, a fim de colaborar para uma melhor compreensão da abordagem como um todo. A atitude terapêutica é investigada tomando-se por base a visão de homem exposta nos fundamentos filosóficos. Finalizou-se com algumas considerações críticas à Gestalt-terapia. Esta análise conduz às seguintes conclusões quanto à linha terapêutica enfocada: Filosoficamente, baseia-se numa visão existencialista de homem, que valoriza a vivência, a subjetividade e a singularidade, deixando emergir a dor, a angústia e o sofrimento. Afirma que não há natureza humana. O homem é um ser inter-relacional, que confirma sua existência na relação com o outro e a sua essência última é o mistério. O ser humano só se revela em liberdade; um ser responsivel por suas escolhas. - A atitude terapêutica adotada fenomenológica existencial. Os fenômenos da situação terapêutica são vistos isentos de qualquer a priori. O terapeuta acompanha o fluxo de consciência do cliente, buscando compreender o que lhe está sendo desvelado e captar seu sentido.

Um estudo crítico das psicoterapias fenomenológico - existenciais: terapia centrada na pessoa e gestalt-terapia

Este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa teórica que objetiva desenvolver reflexões críticas sobre as bases epistemológicas da terapia centrada na pessoa e da gestaltterapia, configuradas nas matrizes conceituais elaboradas por Carl Rogers e por Frederick Perls. Analisa algumas reconfigurações teóricas dessas psicoterapias propostas por autores brasileiros a partir da articulação com determinados conceitos da fenomenologia de Martin Heidegger. As teorias psicoterápicas, de um modo geral, ainda mantêm uma concepção de sujeito abstrato e descontextualizado historicamente. O mundo hoje nos coloca diante de grandes desafios, em que são necessárias novas formas de compreensão da existência humana e um fazer clínico que dê suporte aos sofrimentos do homem contemporâneo. O percurso metodológico utilizado no estudo constou de: 1. Seleção de textos clássicos para compor as matrizes epistemológicas das psicoterapias centrada na pessoa e gestáltica; 2. Triagem de material produzido por autores que apresentam análise crítica referente ao tema; 3. Sistematização de categorias conceituais da matriz das respectivas psicoterapias; 4. Análise e discussão de alguns temas presentes em publicações nacionais que indicam pontos de re-configurações das matrizes. Dentre os indicativos apontados pelos autores investigados, foi possível destacar: a necessidade de incluir na teoria centrada na pessoa, o estranho, à falta, como condição de possibilidade da existência; superação do conceito de essência, na teoria gestáltica; ressonâncias da concepção heideggeriana de angústia para a prática clínica, já que esta não é concebida enquanto um sintoma psicopatológico a ser extinto ou um distúrbio funcional; assim como dos conceitos de abertura e cuidado, que possibilita pensar a função terapêutica como a de ajudar o cliente a interpretar-se a si mesmo, devolvendo-o ao seu próprio cuidado de maneira mais livre e responsável. Concluímos que, apesar da necessidade de mais estudos a respeito do tema, já há na atualidade um movimento por parte de alguns psicólogos em lançar um olhar contemporâneo sobre a terapia centrada na pessoa e gestáltica, afastando-se de uma concepção essencialista de sujeito e de uma subjetividade enclausurada.

A psicologia da gestalt: aplicabilidade a prática pedagógica da educação de jovens e adultos

The goal of this article is to introduce the Gestalt Psychology as an alternative approach to be applied in the present pedagogic practice of education of brasilian youngsters and adults (EYA) starting with researchs done to introduce the short hystory of EYA in Brazil demonstrating its discussion among us since a long time, at least, since the transition from the Imperial to the Republican period, wich comes from the end of the XIX Century up to the begining of the XX Century. This history also shows different organizational moves of EYA already developed in this country in the public and private fields, as well its present reality in the large spectrum of brazilian education. Right after, it approachs and explains shortly the rising of the theory and the main concepts and laws of the Gestalt Psychology in an atempt to demonstrate and enlight its proposed applicability. The author finishs the article introducing the possible relation among concepts, Gestalt laws and education of youngsters and adults to be applyed day by day in the classroom to optimise the process of teaching and learning in the Education of Youngsters and Adults in Brazil.

A teoria da intencionalidade nas obras de Husserl e de Gurwitsch: entre fenomenologia transcendental e psicologia da Gestalt

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS