Promoção da saúde como decisão política para a formação do enfermeiro

Estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa com o objetivo de analisar a promoção da saúde na formação do enfermeiro. Os cenários foram dois cursos de enfermagem do Estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil). Os resultados indicaram que as duas escolas utilizam espaços de aprendizagem favoráveis à abordagem da promoção da saúde na formação. Ancora-se esta abordagem na necessidade de propiciar aos discentes experiências de aprendizagem com base na imersão na realidade da vida profissional. Na formação, prevalecem tensões entre boas práticas de ensino para a promoção da saúde, reveladas como aquelas que acontecem no cotidiano dos serviços, e práticas que aprisionam os sujeitos em seus modos de pensar e fazer. Concluiu-se que a promoção da saúde é tomada como decisão política para mudança na formação do enfermeiro, embora esta incorporação seja incipiente e heterogênea quanto à formulação teórica, indicando a necessidade de ampliação dos espaços de discussão conceitual e operacional.

Integralidade do cuidado na saúde: indicações a partir da formação do enfermeiro

O estudo tem como objetivo compreender a formação do enfermeiro para a integralidade do cuidado. Utilizaram-se como fontes de dados entrevistas com docentes, estudantes e enfermeiros de serviços, submetidas à análise de discurso. Foi reconhecida a compreensão da integralidade do cuidado na perspectiva de um modelo de atenção à saúde que tem como direcionalidade o cuidado centrado no usuário. Suscitaram reflexões sobre as tecnologias e a forma de organização do trabalho, expressas por uma tensão permanente: Clínica versus Saúde Coletiva, como desafio para a integralidade do cuidado. Identificou-se que construir a integralidade na formação implica assumir o agir em saúde como princípio educativo em uma nova forma de aprender-ensinar em saúde, que rompe com o saber formatado e descontextualizado. Concluiu-se que a integralidade é tomada como objeto de reflexão no movimento de mudança nas práticas pedagógicas e que reflete na atenção à saúde.

Dimensão ética do fazer cotidiano no processo de formação do enfermeiro

O presente artigo teórico teve como objeto de estudo a dimensão ética do processo de formação do enfermeiro, considerando a implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos Cursos de Enfermagem. Fundamentou-se nos pressupostos da ética, suas relações com a implementação da mudança no processo de formação do enfermeiro, tomando como referência fatores do fazer ético na formação, buscando oportunizar reflexões e contribuir com os rumos da educação em enfermagem. Concluiu-se que a dimensão ética na formação do enfermeiro envolve valores que permeiam as relações entre os sujeitos desse processo e a própria natureza. O estudo recomenda a necessidade de transformação da prática do educando/educador e do modelo curricular constituído, apontando elementos que indicam que a preocupação com a ética no desenvolvimento do currículo não se limita ao ensino em uma disciplina, mas perpassa todas as práticas que se dão no interior do processo educativo.

O ensino de cuidados críticos/intensivos na formação do enfermeiro: momento para reflexão

Este estudo teve como objetivo re(pensar) a disciplina de cuidados intensivos no currículo de graduação em enfermagem, pontuando aspectos relevantes de sua inserção, considerando a capacitação e a qualificação profissional, a necessidade do mercado de trabalho e uma formação reflexiva e crítica acerca das competências profissionais do enfermeiro, por meio de referencial teórico.

A formação do enfermeiro e a prática profissional : qual a relação?

Esta dissertação enfoca a relação entre a formação do enfermeiro e sua prática profissional, a partir das experiências vivenciadas por enfermeiros graduados em uma mesma Escola de Enfermagem e que estão atuando em hospitais de Porto Alegre. Utilizando a metodologia de análise de conteúdo para tratamento dos dados obtidos nos depoimentos de 24 enfermeiros, análisa de que forma a educação em enfermagem está dando condições para que o enfermeiro exerça sua prática, considerando condicionantes históricos, econômicos e sociais que intervêm na enfermagem ao longo de sua trajetória como profissão. Da análise dos depoimentos dos enfermeiros emergiram quatro categorias que abrangem: a qualidade da formação do enfermeiro, a relação enter graduação e vivência profissional, papel do enfermeiro na prática de enfermagem e sentimentos do enfermeiro em relação à vida profissional. A discussão dos elementos envolvidos nestas categorias oferece subsídios para a educação em enfermagem, partindo da reflexão sobre como esta tem ocorrido.Entre outros aspectos salienta-se sobremaneira o fato de que a educação em enfermagem apresenta-se desvinculada da realidade da prática profissional caracterizando dissociação entre teoria e prática.

A formação do enfermeiro na reflexividade

The study proposes an understanding of nurses training in reflexivity and the overcome the limits of biomedical formation model, from the thought of John Dewey, inserted in the panorama of the reflective practitioner introduced by Donald Schön and dialoguing with the perspective of the transforming action of Paulo Freire. We used a qualitative approach to collect empirical data through focus groups conducted with nursing students from 3rd to 5th year in the Faculty of Health Sciences, Trairi / UFRN in the year 2012. Data analysis occurred through the technique of thematic content analysis constituted of three stages: pre-analysis, exploration of the material, treatment of results, inference and interpretation of the material. Thus, the categories formulated by organizing, classifying and aggregating the the content of the speeches to groups who shared opinions approximations of thought generating a set of categories of analysis designed from the contents. The results present the experiences of nursing students and their reflections, demonstrating that the process of reflection permeates the journey of life. It is inferred that the knowledge acquired in these experiences do not always participate in this dialogue in this formative process, reducing previous experiences in the field of exemplification of everyday situations. We conclude that it is necessary to consolidate innovative pedagogical proposals that allow the continuous dialogue with reality, breaking with the decontextualized teaching process from reality insertion of the university. Rethinking of the structures is recommended, reinforcing the break with the biomedical model and the integration of knowledge dynamically

O estudo da morte na formação do enfermeiro: percepção de estudantes

This study is aimed to understand the nurse student s perception on death approach during the undergraduate course, to reveal feelings and meanings generated from studying this topic. The research was undertaken when the project has been approved by the ethics committee of UFRN in accordance to the Opinion Number nº 234/2012. Through a qualitative approach using a phenomenological design, grounding on the ideas of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. It was interviewed ten students who answered the following questions: When during your undergraduate course the topic death and dying is approached? What kind of feelings that theme awakens? What is the significance of studying this subject in nursing education? The speeches analysis shows that the issue of death and dying is addressed in a very timely manner in different disciplines, there is no dialogue between them. Students reveal the fear and anxiety as feelings present when studying the topic; recognize as an important moment of reflection to understand that death is not a health care failure, but an opportunity to understand it as a natural phenomenon. In this perspective, we can conclude that the student need to be conducted in the undergraduate process, not being separated from itself to your world-with-others, but linking their concepts, understanding their feelings as human being then, respect and care for individuals as a being-toward-death. Therefore, the big challenge facing nursing education is to create an environment where death can be discussed about, between teachers and students, mainly in the disciplines that address the issue

Ensino do processo de enfermagem: significados percepções docentes na formação do enfermeiro

The implementation of the nursing process should be experienced by all nurses during their formative years. However, the lack of implementation of the nursing process for care planning during the educational process and the existing disorder in the formation process prompted the following research questions: What is the meaning of teaching the nursing process to the nursing professors? Do nursing professors use strategies and methods that promote critical thinking in their students? The objective of the study was to analyze the meaning that teaching of the nursing process has for the nursing faculty of the bachalaureate nursing course. Qualitative descriptive study conducted with a sample of 30 faculty members that taught nursing care courses in the nursing program of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal, RN. Two instruments were used, a questionaire and an interview guide. The questionnaire was designed to obtain sociodemographic, educational and work information, of faculty activities and of the teaching of nursing care. The guide was composed of five open questions regarding the understanding and perceptions of the nursing process, its utilization in teaching, and the nursing care teaching strategies. Interview data were submitted to content analysis techniques and interpreted according to the principles of Symbolic Interactionism. Six categories related to the analytical themes were identified: the nursing process as the guide for the care actions; clinical rationality; use of the care activities; teaching relevance; teaching barreirs; teaching strategies with focus on the abilities and competencies of the clinical rationale. Faculty perceptions regarding the teaching of the nursing process; nursing care approach in the nurses‟ formation. The study indicates that the participants understand the relevance of the nursing process a work instrument and that the use of this method during the nurses‟ formation enhances the abilities and competencies for critical thinking that is essencial for care. The strategies for teaching of abilities and competencies were identified, however the nursing faculty should use codes, direction and the influence so that the students can Interact and therefore stimulate the use of the nursing process

O ensino de enfermagem gerontológica na formação do enfermeiro

At the current time of demographic changes in the world , it is observed that the health sector requires restructuring of its practices in caring for the elderly , in order to enable a comprehensive and humane care . In this sense, we identify the need for qualified professionals to assist the elderly and, therefore , it is important that training curricula are adequate to this reality . The study aims to analyze how it develops teaching gerontological nursing component in undergraduate nursing . This is a descriptive , exploratory study with a qualitative approach, in two higher education institutions in the city of Natal / RN . The population involved corresponded to the coordinators of graduate courses in nursing and teachers who teach content of health care for the elderly, a total of seven participants . The data collection instruments were used: a questionnaire containing questions related to the characterization of the participants and the teaching of gerontological nursing in undergraduate courses in nursing and a form with items of analysis for pedagogical projects . The results were presented descriptively in tables and analyzed from coming themes of the main themes of the instruments defined in: knowledge about the research participants , knowledge of teaching gerontological nursing component and knowledge of pedagogical projects , discussed under Resolution paragraph . 03 of 7/11/2001 , which establishes standards for the nursing program , the educational projects of educational institutions , the Theoretical Donald Shoon and thematically relevant literature . The results indicate that the majority of participants were female (four), all have graduate though , none of them stated in the qualification of aging or elderly health area; the organization of the contents of the component in the curriculum, workload theoretical- methodological and practical teaching strategies presented was heterogeneous and sometimes diverging at the same institution . On the definition of gerontological nursing component was identified that is not well defined along the pedagogical design of educational institutions surveyed . It was concluded that in the context of this study , teaching gerontological nursing is present in the course of nursing education, but needs reevaluation and updating in order to teach a wider range of driving and health practices

Projeto político de formação do enfermeiro: contextos, textos, (re)construções

This research analyses politic Project for nursing education, in its articulation with economical, political and social context of 1970s and 1980s in national level and, in special, nurse formation process in FAEN/UERN space, situating it on the context of Brazilian sanitary reformation movement and participation movement. The thesis is firmed on the sense of explaining whether that movement circa the nurse formation process has been able to build necessary instruments for the transformation of biomedical formation model historically consolidated, in the perspective of conceiving another model anchored on social determination of health/illness process, with the purpose of assuring ethical and political commitment with the SUS praised by sanitary reformation. The study visualized the object considering its specificity, its concrete historical determinations and institutional as well as organizational relationships that permeate possibilities of valorizing it, analyzing it, interpreting it and rebuilding it. Its operationalization occurred in three movements, it means, bibliographical review; documents study; interviews and focal groups realized with professors of the institution. We can apprehend as main results that the nurse formation process has incorporated widely spread conceptions by the sanitary reformation movement and participation movement, assuming the commitment with transformation of health services and social reality. Nevertheless it prevails, still, amongst some professors in the same institutional space, the commitment to a predominantly technicist formation, focused on instrumental knowledge. Opinion divergence explicit diversity of conceptions circa education and, as consequence, distinct political commitments, also contradictory to formation. Thus, there is a lacuna between what is foreseen on political pedagogical project and what is rendered in FAEN/UERN, evidencing the clash related to conceptual bases of formation project. Interpretations, divergent political attitudes and resistances to the process allowed several formation ways. However, formation under new conceptual bases, find limits on the context of social politics implemented in Brazil during the 1990s, neoliberal-based, expressed on expansion and consolidation of health private system, managed by market rules, strengthening biomedical formation model. Notwithstanding, there is a favorable to its implementation, starting from the first years of 21st century, moment when Brazilian sanitary reformation reappear on health speech, as well as facing the policy of permanent education in health. This reality explicit a process of dialectical tension between instituted and institutor, anticipating the moment of scission or adaptation and return to what is already known. Despite of clashed, knowledge, accumulated experience, contribution to services, the construction of partnerships out of university space and articulation with national movement of (re)orientation of nurse formation, have been constituted as vital instruments to offer support to formation in FAEN/UERN. Still, we consider necessary the (re)visitation to FAEN/UERN politic pedagogical Project considering the existing and implemented construction, without, yet, depreciate the norther axis of the project at the reaching of its intentionality

A constituição de competências na formação e na prática do enfermeiro em saúde mental

Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como proposta ampliar as discussões sobre constituição de competência na formação do enfermeiro para atuar em saúde mental. Objetivo: analisar a representação dos sujeitos da pesquisa sobre competência em saúde mental. Metodologia: modalidade da pesquisa qualitativa. Cenário: uma Escola de Enfermagem de universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. Sujeitos: docentes e enfermeiros assistenciais, que compartilhavam o mesmo campo de atuação. A mobilização dos discursos foi por meio de grupo focal, prosseguido de análise do discurso. Constituir competência promovendo situações complexas no processo de aprendizagem do aluno foi discutido no grupo, e da análise do discurso identificou-se as seguintes categorias empíricas que compuseram os temas: O conceito competência, O que é uma situação complexa, Quais os saberes para administrar situações complexas em enfermagem psiquiátrica e saúde mental, Competência: saber administrar uma situação complexa.

A formação acadêmica do enfermeiro para o SUS na percepção de docentes e discentes da faculdade de enfermagem/UERN

The model of attention to health in Single Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde SUS) presupposes a human-resources policy which prepares professionals of health to guide the services and sanitary practices. The nurse, a member of health staff, takes over an important role in implementation of principles and standards of SUS, being its professional formation necessary to labor organization in this purpose. In this way this study objectifies to analyse the process of formation of the male nurse in the Politic-Pedagogical Project (Projeto Político-Pedagógico PPP) in the perception of learning and teaching of the Faculty of nursing FAEN of the University of The Rio Grande do Norte State UERN. It treats about a descriptive-exploratory study with qualitative and quantitative approach carried out with learning and teaching of the graduation nursing course. In the field research carried out between the months of november, 2006 and february, 2007, were used like instruments the documental research below PPP´s, structured interview directed to the learning and the closed questionnaire applied to the students of eighth and ninth semesters of graduation course. The results of data about the questionnaires elaborated according to National Curricular Patters (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais DCN) and the Instrument of Evaluation Course of Graduation MEC were organized according to six lists about the profile of the learning and teaching that participate of the research; of the didactical-pedagogical organization and PPP´s objectives to the just-graduates person to the didactical-pedagogical curriculum organization. For considering the interviews it was adopted thematic analysis of content discribed in lexical analysis by informatical program ALCESTE which provided the organization of the material in five categories: daily problems of SUS consolidation versus nurse formation, dichotomies about FAEN´s nursing course of curriculum versus principles of integralization of graduating process, the just-graduated one from FAEN and its professional insertion united to SUS politic-pedagogical project and the concern about the overcoming of dichotomies of graduation process abilities and necessary competences to the SUS performing nurse. The analysis of informations deriving from documental performance and field research resulted on the verification that, in spite of good intentions, the implementation strategies showed themselves fragile to cope with the rendering of expressed ideal on PPP. There is still a great gap between what´s thought as innovating graduating process and what´s being really implemented

O currículo integrado na formação crítica do enfermeiro e seu impacto na atuação profissional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)