Formação continuada de professores de educação fisica em ambiente escolar inclusivo

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Exclusi??n social y pol??ticas de inclusi??n. Algunos elementos sobre la realidad europea y espa??ola

La globalizaci??n econ??mica ha impactado fuertemente en el mercado laboral europeo, abriendo puertas para el trabajo precario. Mientras el capital se torna global, el trabajo permanece local y m??s sumiso a los flujos econ??micos mundiales. Adem??s, los patrones de la sociedad de consumo se han consolidado, promoviendo nuevas desigualdades sociales y aumentando los riesgos de exclusi??n y vulnerabilidad social. La ca??da progresiva del industrialismo tambi??n afecta las principales bases de la estructura social como los roles de g??nero o las relaciones familiares. Diferentes redes aparecen como clave para la inclusi??n, especialmente en el actual contexto de crisis del Estado de Bienestar Social en que se encuentra Europa. Es decir, el an??lisis de la exclusi??n social debe tener en cuenta la evoluci??n de las pol??ticas sociales en toda Europa y la tendencia actual de descentralizaci??n y focalizaci??n de los ser vicios sociales. El objetivo de este art??culo es, por lo tanto, no s??lo describir el fen??meno de la exclusi??n social, sino tambi??n lanzar ideas para construir nuevos criterios de redefinici??n de las pol??ticas sociales.

Programas de transfer??ncia condicionada de renda na Am??rica Latina: uma abordagem comparada entre Brasil, M??xico, Chile e Col??mbia

O artigo desenvolve um estudo comparado qualitativo acerca das Pol??ticas de Transfer??ncia Condicionada de Renda na Am??rica Latina. Esta modalidade de pol??tica, considerada a mais nova gera????o das pol??ticas sociais, compartilha tr??s componentes b??sicos: transfer??ncia monet??ria direta ao cidad??o ou fam??lia; foco nos segmentos mais pobres e a cobran??a de condicionalidades. Na ??ltima d??cada, seus impactos sobre a melhoria das condi????es de vida da popula????o t??m chamado a aten????o de governos, organismos multilaterais e do meio acad??mico. Todavia, a literatura tem focado predominantemente na an??lise dos seus impactos e menos nos fatores relativos ?? operacionaliza????o desses programas. Por isso, o objetivo principal do artigo ?? descrever as estruturas de funcionamento dessas pol??ticas, haja vista sua influ??ncia sobre os seus resultados. Para fins de compara????o s??o selecionados os programas dos governos do Brasil, M??xico, Chile e Col??mbia, uma vez que s??o as experi??ncias mais consolidadas da regi??o. O trabalho conclui que embora os modelos de implementa????o sejam bastante diversificados, todos compactuam com a percep????o multidimensional da pobreza e, portanto, seu enfrentamento demanda a????es de car??ter intersetorial. Ademais, os bons resultados na focaliza????o desses programas s??o consequ??ncia da prioriza????o de estrat??gias de descentraliza????o que potencializam a coordena????o e coopera????o nas a????es governamentais.

A complementariedade na PNAS : evolução das parcerias no município de Serra (ES) de 2001 a 2012

Este estudo analisa a evolução das parcerias na implementação da Politica de Assistência Social no município de Serra, Espírito Santo (ES), contribuindo para a discussão sobre a complementariedade das ações previstas na Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS). Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, referenciado no método crítico-dialético. A estratégia metodológica baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os dados empíricos resultam do levantamento e análise dos Relatórios das Conferências Nacionais de Assistência Social; dos Planos e Relatórios Municipais de Gestão na área da Assistência Social; dos termos de convênio estabelecidos com as entidades em 2013. O crescimento das parcerias para execução da PNAS tem relação com a tendência nacional de focalização, descentralização e privatização das políticas sociais. Isso ajuda-nos a compreender essa tendência a nível municipal. As ideias que justificam a realização das parcerias relacionam-se com o neoliberalismo e a reforma do Estado e, também, com a perspectiva de fortalecimento da participação social a partir do contexto do debate que antecede a conformação da Constituição de 1988. O próprio histórico da assistência no Brasil revela que muitas das entidades já executavam ações antes da Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social (LOAS) e apenas se adaptaram à nova legislação. No caso do município pesquisado, o crescimento registrado no número de entidades entre 2001 e 2012 foi de 133,3%. Observamos, ainda, que as entidades não governamentais tem se constituído como a forma primeira de prestação dos serviços socioassistenciais. A maior parte das entidades é de cunho religioso e atua em apenas um âmbito da proteção social. A pesquisa reforça a importância do monitoramento e avaliação das parcerias realizadas e a necessidade da garantia da transparência e publicização das informações na área da assistência, de modo a contribuir com o controle social.

Advantages of digital holographic microscopy for real-time full field absolute phase imaging

Different interferometric techniques were developed last decade to obtain full field, quantitative, and absolute phase imaging, such as phase-shifting, Fourier phase microscopy, Hilbert phase microscopy or digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Although, these techniques are very similar, DHM combines several advantages. In contrast, to phase shifting, DHM is indeed capable of single-shot hologram recording allowing a real-time absolute phase imaging. On the other hand, unlike to Fourier phase or Hilbert phase microscopy, DHM does not require to record in focus images of the specimen on the digital detector (CCD or CMOS camera), because a numerical focalization adjustment can be performed by a numerical wavefront propagation. Consequently, the depth of view of high NA microscope objectives is numerically extended. For example, two different biological cells, floating at different depths in a liquid, can be focalized numerically from the same digital hologram. Moreover, the numerical propagation associated to digital optics and automatic fitting procedures, permits vibrations insensitive full- field phase imaging and the complete compensation for a priori any image distortion or/and phase aberrations introduced for example by imperfections of holders or perfusion chamber. Examples of real-time full-field phase images of biological cells have been demonstrated. ©2008 COPYRIGHT SPIE

Emphatic Polarity from Latin to Romance

This paper offers an analysis of some emphatic polarity constructions in Spanish and Catalan from a diachronic and comparative perspective. We focus on the syntactic processes involved in the verbalization of this polarity, in both its positive and negative expression. Our main proposal is that the markers used in Spanish and Catalan (as well as other Romance languages) to reinforce polarity have acquired their status as the consequence of a focalization process. It will be argued that these elements have undergone leftward movement from their base-generated hierarchically low position to a prominent position in the left periphery of the sentence (see Rizzi 1997) and subsequently experienced a progressive bleaching of their original value (which is related to a verbal denotation) to end up being reanalyzed / grammaticalized as polarity markers

Activity and exploratory behavior after lesions of the medial entorhinal cortex in the woodmouse (Apodemus sylvaticus).

The effects of bilateral electrolytic lesions of the entorhinal cortex were studied in male adult woodmice. Experiments were designed to allow separate analysis of the basal activity level and exploratory behavior. Activity recording was conducted in three situations: (a) 24-hr wheel running in the home cage pre- and postoperatively; (b) 24-hr activity composition in a large enclosure over 4 days, 5 to 9 days postoperatively; and (c) sequence and duration of visits in a residential plus maze 11 to 14 days postoperatively. Medial entorhinal cortex lesion involving the para- and presubiculum increased the 24-hr amount of movements in the enclosure (b) without increasing wheel running in any situation (a or b). This lesion also enhanced the locomotor reactivity to being introduced into the plus maze and impaired exploratory behavior. This last effect was equally apparent when the whole situation was new or when part of the familiar maze was modified. Lesioned woodmice did notice the new element but did not show active focalization of their behavior on that element. Data showed that lesion induced hyperactivity and changes of exploratory behavior were not necessarily associated. Novelty detection was performed but it is not clear now on what information this discrimination was based.

Hierarchy of interactive functions in father-mother-baby three-way games

In developmental research, the family has mainly been studied through dyadic interaction. Three-way interactions have received less attention, partly because of their complexity. This difficulty may be overcome by distinguishing between four hierarchically embedded functions in three-way interactions: (1) participation (inclusion of all participants), (2) organization (partners keeping to their roles), (3) focalization (sharing a common focus) and (4) affective contact (being in tune). We document this hierarchical model on a sample of 80 families observed in the Lausanne Trilogue Play situation across four different sites. Hierarchy between functions was demonstrated by means of Guttman scalability coefficient. Given the importance of the child's development in a threesome, the pertinence of this model for family assessment is discussed.

A formin-nucleated actin aster concentrates cell wall hydrolases for cell fusion in fission yeast.

Cell-cell fusion is essential for fertilization. For fusion of walled cells, the cell wall must be degraded at a precise location but maintained in surrounding regions to protect against lysis. In fission yeast cells, the formin Fus1, which nucleates linear actin filaments, is essential for this process. In this paper, we show that this formin organizes a specific actin structure-the actin fusion focus. Structured illumination microscopy and live-cell imaging of Fus1, actin, and type V myosins revealed an aster of actin filaments whose barbed ends are focalized near the plasma membrane. Focalization requires Fus1 and type V myosins and happens asynchronously always in the M cell first. Type V myosins are essential for fusion and concentrate cell wall hydrolases, but not cell wall synthases, at the fusion focus. Thus, the fusion focus focalizes cell wall dissolution within a broader cell wall synthesis zone to shift from cell growth to cell fusion.

Single-step purification of crotapotin and crotactine from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom using preparative isoelectric focusing

We describe the isolation of crotoxin, a presynaptic B-neurotoxin, as well as its subunits B (crotactine) and A (crotapotin) from lyophilized Crotalus durissus terrificus venom by a single-step preparative isoelectric focusing procedure. From 98 mg of dried venom protein 20.1 mg of crotactine and 13.1 mg of crotapotin were recovered in the first step of focalization and 4.2 mg in a second run. These values correspond to 35.7% of the total venom protein applied. Crotactine separated in the 9.3-7.0 pH range (tubes 1-6) and crotapotin in the 1.8-2.8 pH range (tubes 15-19) and both were homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and N-terminal amino acid analysis. Crotactine, a 12-kDa protein, presented hemolytic and phospholipase A2 activity. Thus, using isoelectric focusing we simultaneously purified both toxins in high yields. This method can be used as an alternative for the purification and characterization of proteins from other snake venoms under conditions in which biological activity is retained

Encountering the suffering other in illness narratives : between the memory of suffering and the suffering memory

Cette étude porte sur la dimension intersubjective de la souffrance qui affecte le rapport du souffrant à son corps, au temps et à l’espace vécus de même que son identité narrative et sa mémoire narrative. Mon argument principal est que la voix narrative constitue le rapport intersubjectif dans les récits de maladie que les proches écrivent sur leurs partenaires souffrant de cancer de cerveau ou de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Ma discussion est basée sur l’éthique, la phénoménologie, les théories de l’incorporation, les études des récits de vie, la sociologie et l’anthropologie médicales et la narratologie. L’objet de mon étude est l’expérience incorporée de la souffrance dans les récits de maladie et je me concentre sur la souffrance comme perte de la mémoire et du soi narratif. J’analyse le journal How Linda Died de Frank Davey et les mémoires de John Bayley, Iris: A Memoir of Iris Murdoch et Iris and Her Friends: A Memoir of Memory and Desire. J’explore comment les récits de maladie constituent le rapport éthique à l’Autre souffrant de la rupture de la mémoire. La discussion de la voix est située dans le contexte des récits de vie et se propose de dépasser les limites des approches sociologiques et anthropologiques de la voix dans les récits de maladie. Dans ce sens, dans un premier temps je porte mon attention sur des études narratologiques de la voix en indiquant leurs limites. Ma propre définition de la voix narrative est basée sur l’éthique dans la perspective d’Emmanuel Levinas et de Paul Ricœur, sur l’interprétation du temps, de la mémoire et de l’oubli chez St-Augustin et la discussion levinasienne de la constitution intersubjective du temps. J’avance l’idée que la “spontanéité bienveillante” (Ricœur, Soi-même comme un autre 222) articule la voix narrative et l’attention envers l’Autre souffrant qui ne peut plus se rappeler, ni raconter sa mémoire. En reformulant la définition augustinienne du temps qui met en corrélation les modes temporels avec la voix qui récite, j’avance l’idée que la voix est distendue entre la voix présente de la voix présente, la voix présente de la voix passée, la voix présente de la voix future. Je montre comment la voix du soignant est inscrite par et s’inscrit dans les interstices d’une voix interrompue, souffrante. Je définis les récits de vies comme des interfaces textuelles entre le soi et l’Autre, entre la voix du soi et la voix du souffrant, comme un mode de restaurer l’intégrité narrative de l’Autre.

Questions à mouvement multiple en bulgare

Ce mémoire examine les questions à mouvement multiple en bulgare, en accordant une importance particulière aux mécanismes qui régissent l’ordre des syntagmes interrogatifs antéposés. Outre la présentation d’un phénomène linguistique complexe et très intéressant, l’étude propose un aperçu critique des hypothèses les plus importantes émises au fil des ans à propos des interrogatives multiples. Dans un premier temps, nous discutons des différentes approches renfermant l’idée que l’ordre des mots interrogatifs au début de la proposition dépend entièrement des règles syntaxiques. Ensuite, nous présentons les analyses qui tentent d’expliquer la problématique en faisant appel à des traits spécifiques des syntagmes Qu-, tels que [animé] ou [lié au discours]. Le rôle de la topicalisation et de la focalisation dans la formation des questions multiples, les projections fonctionnelles de la « périphérie gauche » en bulgare accueillant différents syntagmes, ainsi que la résomption comptent également parmi les sujets traités dans ce mémoire.

La “intención preexistente” del intelectual y la focalización en Campana y campanero (1891), de Honorato Vázquez (Dossier: La novela ecuatoriana del siglo XIX)

Honorato Vázquez, al afirmar que la literatura nunca podría ser industria, aplicaba en su obra algo que, como intelectual, entendía como verdad absoluta. No obstante, al escoger la complicada focalización narrativa que presenta su texto, se explicita como un hábil escritor que emplea procedimientos discursivos que son elementos estructuradores de la composición textual narrativa, que se ofrece ya como una estructura analizable en diferentes planos y niveles y compuesta por diferentes voces, aspectos que darán su especificidad a la novela como género en el siglo XX.

La carne recordada : un análisis de la atemporalidad mítica y la subversión religiosa en Pedro Páramo

The aim of the present study is to analyze the representation of the mythic timelessness and the religious subversion in the novel Pedro Páramo (1953) by the Mexican writer Juan Rulfo. The novel is analyzed from a narratological perspective based on the concept of focalization proposed by the French theoretician Gérard Genette. According to Genette it is possible to identify different levels of focalization depending on the position of the narrative voices.The key question in this investigation is if any salvation is possible in the universe of Pedro Páramo and how the mythic timelessness and the religious subversion are represented in the textual intentionality through the narrative voices. The main conclusion is that there is no possible salvation in the fictional universe of Pedro Páramo. The collective sin is so vast that the intermediation between God and the inhabitants of Comala does not work anymore. Thus, the only possible ”salvation” consists in the separation of the soul from the body the people of Comala experience after death. In Pedro Páramo the dead body is liberated from remorses, but - contrary to the Catholic concepts - becomes a conscious materia sentenced to remember eternally.Keywords: Juan Rulfo, Pedro Páramo, narratological analysis, Gérard Genette, textual intentionality, focalization, mythic timelessness, religious subversion, narrative voices.

Proposta de desenvolvimento de um método de tomada de decisão usando a teoria das restrições para sistemas de produção

Este trabalho discorre sobre a aplicação de uma proposta de método de resolução de problemas utilizando a Teoria das Restrições (TOC). No desenvolvimento desta proposta procurou-se aliar a focalização dos problemas e os conceitos financeiros protagonizados pela TOC. Para que uma solução urgente de problemas possa ser conduzida de uma forma coerente, precisa e rápida, não é necessário que seja executada de maneira que os gastos ultrapassem os benefícios. Além disso, o todo que compõe o sistema analisado deve poder ser vislumbrado claramente. Esta proposta foi aplicada a uma corporação que fabrica autopeças. Ela está localizada nos Estados Unidos da América. Os resultados da aplicação do método aqui apresentado permitiram chegar às conclusões apontadas no capítulo final deste trabalho.