Cytotoxicity testing of burn wound dressings, ointments and creams : a method using polycarbonate cell culture inserts on a cell culture system

We have developed a method to test the cytotoxicity of wound dressings, ointments, creams and gels used in our Burn Centre, by placing them on a permeable Nunc Polycarbonate cell culture insert, incubated with a monolayer of cells (HaCaTs and primary human keratinocytes). METHODS: We performed two different methods to determine the relative toxicity to cells. (1) Photo visualisation: The dressings or compounds were positioned on the insert's membrane which was placed onto the monolayer tissue culture plate. After 24 h the surviving adherent cells were stained with Toluidine Blue and photos of the plates were taken. The acellular area of non-adherent dead cells which had been washed off with buffer was measured as a percentage of the total area of the plate. (2) Cell count of surviving cells: After 24 h incubation with the test material, the remaining cells were detached with trypsin, spun down and counted in a Haemocytometer with Trypan Blue, which differentiates between live and dead cells. RESULTS: Seventeen products were tested. The least cytotoxic products were Melolite, White soft Paraffin and Chlorsig1% Ointment. Some cytotoxicity was shown with Jelonet, Mepitel((R)), PolyMem((R)), DuoDerm((R)) and Xeroform. The most cytotoxic products included those which contained silver or Chlorhexidine and Paraffin Cream a moisturizer which contains the preservative Chlorocresol. CONCLUSION: This in vitro cell culture insert method allows testing of agents without direct cell contact. It is easy and quick to perform, and should help the clinician to determine the relative cytotoxicity of various dressings and the optimal dressing for each individual wound.

Santini ice creams: Co-Owning a tradition

The case studies the potential partnership between a small family business, rich in tradition, that sells ice cream in the Lisbon area and a recognized Portuguese family who runs a multinational business. The aim of this study is to address students to analyze the evolution of the small company by using the Agency and Resource-Based Theories and to outline a potentially successful co-ownership structure if the agreement were to take place. The particularity of the case regards considering and identifying the main Family Business issues to keep in mind when dealing with these types of firms.

Receipt from James Mills, St. Catharines for creams and potions

Receipt from James Mills, St. Catharines for creams and potions, Mar. 1, 1888.

Rapid determination of furanocoumarins in creams and pomades using SPE and GC

A solid-phase extraction and chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method has been developed for the routine analysis of psoralen, bergapten, isopimpinellin and pimpinellin in creams and pomades employed in Brazil for the treatment of vitiligo. The calibration curve for psoralen was linear in the range 10-100 mu g ml(-1), for bergapten 5-90 mu g ml(-1), for pimpinellin 10-90 mu g ml(-1) and for isopimpinellin 5-100 mu g ml(-1). The best recoveries of the furanocoumarins in the creams analysed were 94-97%, whereas in the pomades, recoveries were 94-96%. The R.S.D. of the quantitative analysis of the furanocoumarins in the products analyses were within 5%. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Determination of the Real Influence of the Addition of Four Thickening Agents in Creams Using Rheological Measurements

This study aimed to characterize different emulsions obtained by the addition of four thickening agents, using rheological measurements, beyond analyzing the emulsions by polarized light microscopy looking for liquid crystals on them. The addition of these four thickening agents did not modify the base emulsion rheology, only an improvement in the sensory of the formulation was verified. The polarized light microscopy showed the formation of liquid crystalline structures in all the formulations, thus, the thickening agents did not influence in this parameter too. However, the emulsions could be considered appropriated for cosmetic purposes, probably being highly physically stable. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Ethyl Ferulate, a Component with Anti-Inflammatory Properties for Emulsion-Based Creams

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The complete confectioner, or, Housekeeper's guide to a simple and speedy method of understanding the whole art of confectionary : the various ways of preserving and candying, dry and liquid, all kinds of fruit, nuts, flowers, herbs, &c. And the method of keeping them fresh and fine all the year round; the different ways of clarifying sugar; with directions for making fruit pastes, bomboons, pastils, compotes, fruit ices, cream ices, marmalades, jellies, jams, cakes, puffs, biscuits, tarts, custards, cheesecakes, sweetmeats, fritters, creams, syllabubs, blanc-mange, flummeries, ornaments for grand entertainments, dragees, syrups of all kinds, nicknacks and trifles for desserts, strong cordials, oils, simple waters, milk punch that will keep 20 years, and all sorts of English wines. Also, the art of making artificial fruit, with the stalks in it, so as to resemble the natural fruit. To which are added, some bills of fare for desserts for private families /

Originally published under title: The compleat confectioner. Cf. Bitting, K.G. Gastronomic bib., p. 190.

The pastrycook & confectioner's guide : for hotels, restaurants, and the trade in general adapted also for family use : including a large variety of modern recipes for bread, cakes, fancy biscuits, ice creams and water ices, jellies, pies, puddings and custards, joints, meat pies and dishes, poultry and game, ornamental sugar work & butter-work etc. : with useful hints and instructions /

"To build an ice-house": p. [57]-58.

Established corticosteroid creams should be applied only once daily in patients with atopic eczema

Atopic eczema affects many adults and up to 20% of children,1 with health costs comparable to diabetes2 and asthma.3 One community survey of 1760 young children in the United Kingdom found that 84% had mild eczema, 14% moderate, and 2% severe eczema.4 Topical corticosteroids are a mainstay of treatment for inflammatory episodes.5 Most long established topical corticosteroids such as betamethasone valerate or hydrocortisone are applied at least twice daily, but three newer preparations (mometasone, fluticasone, and methylprednisolone) have been developed for once daily application. Here, I propose that established preparations need be applied only once daily.

PICES Press, Vol. 15, No. 1, January 2007

PICES science – 2006 (pdf, 0.1 Mb) 2006 Wooster Award (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Thank you note from the Past-Chairman of PICES (pdf, 0.1 Mb) A comparison of regional mechanisms for fish production: Ecosystem perspectives (pdf, 0.3 Mb) 2006 CREAMS/PICES international workshop and summer school (pdf, 0.2 Mb) PICES Calendar (pdf, 0.2 Mb) 2006 Harmful Algal Bloom Section annual workshop (pdf, 0.1 Mb) 2006 PICES Workshop on “Modeling iron biogeochemistry and ocean ecosystems” (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Strolling through the NEMURO ecosystem model (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Climate and marine birds and mammals in the North Pacific (pdf, 0.2 Mb) Photo highlights of the PICES Fifteenth Annual Meeting (pdf, 3.5 Mb) Recent trends in waters of the subarctic NE Pacific: Cooler and fresher in summer of 2006 (pdf, 0.2 Mb) The state of the western North Pacific in the first half of 2006 (pdf, 0.3 Mb) Latest and upcoming PICES publications (pdf, 0.3 Mb) A seven-year effort of the PICES CCCC MODEL Task Team culminates in a dedicated issue of Ecological Modelling (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Japan joins PICES Marine Metadata Federation (pdf, 0.3 Mb) Argo: A 2006 status report (pdf, 0.3 Mb) New Chairmen in PICES (pdf, 0.2 Mb) PICES Interns (pdf, 0.2 Mb)

PICES Press, Vol. 13, No. 2, July 2005

PICES in transition: The 3rd inter-sessional Science Board and Governing Council meeting (pdf 0.3 MB) New and upcoming PICES publications (pdf 0.3 MB) PICES hosts GLOBEC Symposium on “Climate Variability and Sub-Arctic Marine Ecosystems” in Victoria (pdf 0.4 MB) First CREAMS/PICES Workshop on East Asian Seas Time-series (pdf 0.4 MB) PICES workshop discusses Oceanic Ecodynamics COmparison in the Subarctic Pacific (OECOS) - a project proposal (pdf 0.3 MB) The state of the western North Pacific in the second half of 2004 (pdf 0.4 MB) The Bering Sea: Current status and recent events (pdf 0.3 MB) Recent trends in waters of the subarctic NE Pacific (pdf 0.3 MB) CFAME workshop on “Developing a working plan for CCCC synthesis” (pdf 0.5 MB) What is winter? (pdf 0.5 MB) The first specimens of Humboldt squid in British Columbia (pdf 0.4 MB) Obituary - Dr. Daniel M. Ware (pdf 0.3 MB) PICES Calendar (pdf 0.3 MB)

PICES Press, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 1998

CREAMS, PICES and the exploration of the Japan/East Sea The state of the eastern North Pacific from September 97 to February 98 The state of the western North Pacific in the second half of 1997 The status of the Bering Sea in the second half of 1997 Hyung Tack Huh Report on GOOS Living Marine Resource Panel Meeting Global connections: A report of the GLOBEC International Open Science Meeting Update on U.S. GLOBEC research projects and coordination activities in the Northeast Pacific Institutional framework for oceanographic research in Japan The Kuroshio Edge Exchange Processes (KEEP) Project Report on NPAFC Workshop on Climate Change and Salmon Production A new ocean time series station in the western subarctic Pacific

PICES Press, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 1997

Highlights of PICES V Warren S. Wooster Interaction between the northern North Pacific and its marginal seas:Current activities of JAMSTEC in the PICES region What is CREAMS? The state of the eastern North Pacific in the first half of 1996 The state of the western North Pacific in the first half of 1996 TCODE Inventory of Long-term Time Series PICES News