Waste collection routing-limited multiple landfills and heterogeneous fleet

This article deals with a real-life waste collection routing problem. To efficiently plan waste collection, large municipalities may be partitioned into convenient sectors and only then can routing problems be solved in each sector. Three diverse situations are described, resulting in three different new models. In the first situation, there is a single point of waste disposal from where the vehicles depart and to where they return. The vehicle fleet comprises three types of collection vehicles. In the second, the garage does not match any of the points of disposal. The vehicle is unique and the points of disposal (landfills or transfer stations) may have limitations in terms of the number of visits per day. In the third situation, disposal points are multiple (they do not coincide with the garage), they are limited in the number of visits, and the fleet is composed of two types of vehicles. Computational results based not only on instances adapted from the literature but also on real cases are presented and analyzed. In particular, the results also show the effectiveness of combining sectorization and routing to solve waste collection problems.

Perinnän problematiikka ja perintään vaikuttavat tekijät

Tutkielma sai alkukipinän perinnän saamasta mediahuomiosta, tutkijan kiinnostuksesta aihetta kohtaan sekä tutkijan omasta työkokemuksesta perinnästä. Tutkielma rakentui perinnän käsitteen ympärille ja sen tavoitteena oli tutkia perintään vaikuttavia yrityksen sisäisiä ja ulkoisia tekijöitä. Tutkielman päätutkimusongelmassa tarkasteltiin perinnän problematiikan vaikutuksia perintään. Keskeisimpinä perinnän ongelmina tutkija piti vääriä reklamaatioita, myynnin ja perinnän huonoa yhteistyötä, väärinkäsityksiä ja virheitä, perinnän negatiivista mainetta sekä perintärutiinien aiheuttamia haittoja. Päätutkimusongelmaa tutkittaessa havaittiin, että pääsääntöisesti perinnän ongelmat aiheuttavat perinnän tehottomuutta ja vaikuttavat negatiivisesti yrityksen jokapäiväiseen toimintaan. Lisäksi havaittiin, että ongelmia esiintyy perintäprosessin jokaisessa vaiheessa ja, että ongelmat voivat kohdistua joko velkojaan, velalliseen tai itse perintäprosessiin. Alaongelmina tutkielmassa tarkasteltiin muita perintään vaikuttavia tekijöitä, kuten perinnän organisointia, myyntireskontraa sekä kansainvälisenä näkökulmana perintää Baltian alueella.

Similar problems, different solutions: Comparing refuse collection in the Netherlands and Spain

Local public service provision can vary greatly because of differences in institutional arrangements, public service markets, and national traditions regarding government intervention. In this paper we compare the procedures adopted by the local governments of the Netherlands and Spain in arranging for the provision of solid waste collection. We find that Spain faces a consolidation problem, opting more frequently to implement policies of privatization and cooperation, at the expense of competition. By contrast, the Netherlands has, on average, larger municipalities, resorting somewhat less to privatization and cooperation, and more to competition. The two options - cooperation and competition - have their merits when striving to strike a balance between transaction costs and scale economies. The choices made in organizational reform seem to be related to several factors, among which the nature of the political system and the size of municipalities appear to be relevant.

E-Resources in the Engineering College Libraries of Kerala: Problems towards Sustainable Collection Development

Electronic resources have become a vital part of an academic library especially in universities and higher education institutions. The availability of electronic resources and the acceptance of the fonnat among the academics are rising day by day. As far as engineering students are concerned, they are much techno-savy and are more used to electronic resources. So it has become necessary for the libraries of engineering institutions to subscribe and provide access to electronic resources to satisfy its user community. Many studies have identified that academics are much preferring online journals and databases than their print counter-parts

Editorial reorganization of an alphabetically ordered collection of short stories: analysis of problems and hypothesis of possible solutions

This paper aims to show, analyze and solve the problems related to the translation of the book with meaning-bond alphabetically ordered chapter titles La vita non è in ordine alfabetico, by the Italian writer Andrea Bajani. The procedure is inevitable for a possible translation of the book, and it is necessary to have a preliminary pattern to follow. After translating the whole book, not only is a revision fundamental, but a restructure and reorganization of the collection may be required, hence, what this thesis offers is a scheme to start from, together with an analysis of the possible problems that may arise, and a useful method to find a solution.

A collection of mathematical problems.

Includes bibliography.

Cambridge problems: being a collection of the printed questions proposed to the candidates for the degree of bachelor of arts at the general examinations, from 1801 to 1820, inclusive.

Mode of access: Internet.

Miscellanea mathematica: consisting of a large collection of curious mathematical problems, and their solutions. Together with many other important disquisitions in various branches of the mathematics. Being the literary correspondence of several eminent mathematicians.

Includes tables and diagrams.

Chess problems, a collection of original positions, forming one hundred ends of games won or drawn; to which is added a selection of games, including those played between the Leeds and Liverpool clubs, with remarks.

Mode of access: Internet.

A companion to Wood's Algebra, containing solutions of various questions and problems in algebra and forming a key to the chief difficulties found in the collection of examples appended to Wood's Algebra /

Mode of access: Internet.

A collection of arithmetical and algebraic problems and formulae /

Errata bound in.